Nthaŵi zambiri, mbalame zimasungidwa kuti zikhale nyama ndi mazira. Komabe, pali mitundu ya nkhuku, zokolola zochepa zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa. Umenewu ndiwo mtundu wokongoletsera wa Paduan wamphongo. Kuwonjezera pa zozizwitsa kunja, nkhuku za mtundu uwu zimatha kuphunzira momwe angaphunzitsire, choncho, ngati zikukhumba, akhoza kuukitsidwa ndi ziweto zakuthupi zokhulupirika. Zokhudza zosiyana siyana zomwe zilipo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowerengedwa pansipa.
Mbiri ya chiyambi
Ponena za kubadwa kwa mtundu uwu pali kusiyana. Motero, malinga ndi zolemba zina, a Paduans anabadwira ku England pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, pamene ena amati Italy, mzinda wa Padua, womwe dzina lawo limatchulidwa, ndiwo malo omwe amamera mbalame zachilendo. Zimadziwika kuti mtunduwu uli ndi mbiri ya zaka 300, ndipo mbeu yake inali nkhuku za Russian Pavlovskaya. Paduans anafika ku Russia pakati pa zaka za zana la 18 ndipo ankaonedwa ngati chodabwitsa kwambiri chokonzekera patebulo lachifumu.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi oyimira bwino a zokongoletsa, nyama, dzira ndi mitundu ya nkhuku za nkhuku.
Chifukwa cha zochitika zosaiŵalika, zochititsa chidwi, a Paduans mwamsanga anayamba kutchuka ku Ulaya konse, ndipo ambiri ankafuna kuona nthenga zokongoletsera m'bwalo lawo. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuswana kwa mitundu yapamwamba yopambana, imene inalinso yodzichepetsa kwambiri mu chisamaliro, kutchuka kwa Paduan kunataya mwamsanga.
Mukudziwa? Masiku ano, chiŵerengero cha anthu ndi nkhuku padziko lapansi ndi 1: 3.
Mitundu yobereketsa
Poyamba, Paduan ankaimira mtundu umodzi wokha - bulauni. Chifukwa cha kuswana kwina, mitundu yambiri ya mbalame inawonekera:
- White Nthenga zimakhala zojambula mu mthunzi woyera wa chipale chofewa. Chiyero ndi kukhalapo kwa nthenga za mtundu wosiyana.
- Mdima Mphunoyi ndi yakuda kwambiri; amuna amatha kukhala ndi nthenga zamdima zamtundu wakuda mchira. Chilema chimatchedwanso kuti ndi nthenga za mtundu wosiyana.
- Siliva. Mtundu waukulu wa nthenga ndi woyera ndi malire akuda.
- Golden Mitunduyi imakhala yofanana ndi yam'mbuyomu, koma mtundu waukulu wa mphutsi ndi golide wachikasu kapena golide wofiira. Nthenga za Kayamka - zakuda.
- Shamoah (shamo kapena kamera). Mu mitundu iyi, pakati pa nthengazo ndizobiriwira golide bulauni, ndipo malire ndi oyera.
- Amamera. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yokongoletsera chifukwa cha zokolola zake zochepa komanso zochepa.
Maonekedwe
Kuoneka kwa Paduan kuli kosazolowereka, momveka bwino komanso kosakumbukika, kuti, poyang'ana mbalame za mtundu umenewu, sizidzasokonezedwanso ndi nkhuku zina zilizonse. Amuna amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu ndi khosi lalitali, miyendo yawo ndi yayitali, koma yopapatiza. Kwa akazi omwe amadziwika ndi kukula, thupi lonse ndi squat.
Phunzirani zambiri pazomwe zimachitika pobeletsa ena oimira nkhuku zokongola: Araukana, Kokhinkhin, Phoenix, Pavlovskaya golide ndi Pavlovskaya siliva.
Makhalidwe akulu a thupi:
- mutu: kukula pakati, kukongoletsedwa ndi feffy tuft ya nthenga zazikulu ndi ndevu ndi akasinja, chisa ndi mphete sizipezeka;
- torso: amphamvu ndi owala panthawi imodzimodzi, kuika malire, kufalikira pamapewa, kupotola kumchira;
- mvula: wandiweyani ndi wandiweyani, wopanda nsalu zamaluwa, pamunsi kumbuyo mphutsi ndi yochepa kwambiri;
- mapiko: yaitali ndi zolimba kwa thupi;
- mchira: kuphulika pang'ono, ndi maluwa okongola komanso makina aakulu.
Ndikofunikira! Zonse zomwe zimawoneka zosiyana ndi zomwe zimasonyezedwa zimaoneka ngati zopanda chilema pakati pa mtunduwu ndipo zimayankhula zonyansa zamtundu kwa nyama zinyama. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupuma kwa mapiko, mapiko afupiafupi, kukhalapo kwa mtunda, mawanga a maluwa, kutaya nthenga pamaso, ndi zina zotero.
Makhalidwe
Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa mtunduwo ungatchedwe kukhala wodekha, wokwanira, wosagwirizana. Mbalame ndi achifundo kwambiri, ndikudalira. Iwo amadziwika ndi nzeru zakuya ndipo ali othandizira kuphunzitsa: angaphunzitsidwe kudya kuchokera m'manja, kuthawira kumapewa a mwiniwakeyo ndikuyenda mozungulira. Ngati mukufuna, nthenga za zokongoletsera zingakhale zinyama zonse.
Nthawi zina abambo a Paduan amanena kuti ali ndi nthenga, amasonyeza nsanje kapena makhalidwe ena oipa, koma izi zimakhudzana kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za nkhuku ndipo zimadalira zikhalidwe zomwe zili m'ndende. Kukwiya ndi khalidwe la nkhuku, nkhuku zimasiyana ndi chikhazikitso. 
Kukonzekera
Mtundu umenewu umakhala ndi zokolola zambiri komanso zolemera, chifukwa zimatanthauza nyama ndi nkhuku zosiyanasiyana. Mfundo zazikulu:
| Kulemera | Amuna - 2-2.5 makilogalamu, akazi - 1.5-2 makilogalamu. Pa mitundu yochepa, amuna ndi akazi amalemera 900 ndi 800 g. |
| Kukonzekera | Mpaka 100-120 mazira pachaka |
| Nthawi ya kupanga dzira | Kwa zaka 4, mutayamba kuchepa mofulumira |
| Mazira a mazira | Kwa mitundu yoyenera - 45-50 g, kwa amamera - 30 g |
| Mtundu wa khungu | White |
Zochitika Zokhudzana
Kawirikawiri, zamoyozi sizinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi zamoyo zina. Chinthu chokha chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa ndi kutentha kwa innate kwa a Padu pamene akumanga nyumbayo.
Nthawi yachisanu
Dziwani zenizeni za nkhuku m'nyengo yozizira.
Padua kutentha ndi kutentha kutentha kulekerera zoipa kwambiri. Kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kulipidwa ku makonzedwe a nyumbayo ndikutsatira malingaliro ena pokonzekera nyengo yachisanu.
- Kutentha pansi m'nyumba. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zachilengedwe (moss, sawdust ndi shavings zamtengo, udzu ndi udzu). Iwo amatha kusunga kutentha, moss imatenganso fungo losasangalatsa. Ubwino wa zipangizo zakuthupi ndizoti atatha kutsuka zinyalalazi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti manyowa awonongeke. Pansi pazenera ayenera kukhala osachepera 15-20 masentimita, ngati kudula kumayenera kuthiridwa. Njira yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo yotentha ndi malo osasuntha, omwe amachotsedwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa nthawi yotentha. Ngati n'kotheka, pansiyo ikhoza kusungidwa ndi filimu yakuda.
- Khoma ndi kutsegula padenga. Ubweya wa Basalt umawomba ndi plywood, bolodi kapena zowonongeka ndizowoneka bwino kuti zitsekedwe. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
- Utumiki woyenda uyenera kukhala ndi denga kuti muteteze ku mphepo. Pamene paduans imakhala ndi madzi ozizira, amawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga chimfine.
- Bwalo la kuyenda liyenera kutenthedwa ndi udzu wambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Oimira a mtundu uwu amayamba kudwala chimfine ndi nyamakazi, choncho onetsetsani kuti mukusamala za kusungunuka kwa nyumbayo.
Nkofunika kuti mbalame ziziyenda mu nyengo yabwino komanso nyengo yozizira. Kumalo a bwalo ayenera kukhala "nkhuku zotsamba" - zida zodzala ndi phulusa ndi mchenga wa mtsinje (2: 1). Chipangizochi chidzateteza mbalameyi ku zirombozo ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali zidzasungira kukongola kwa mavitamini ndi mawonekedwe ooneka bwino.
Kudyetsa
Nthano ina yofunika yokonzekera chakudya ndi kudya chakudya cha paduans. Chakudya, ndi zofunika kusankha zakudya zouma zokonzeka. Mukhozanso kukonzekera chakudya chanu:
- chakudya chambewu (chimanga, oats, tirigu, nandolo);
- mpendadzuwa;
- vitamini ndi mchere.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chophunzira momwe mungapangire chakudya cha nkhuku.
Onetsetsani kupereka masamba, masamba ndi zipatso. N'zosatheka kuwonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera, mahomoni ndi zinthu zina zopangira chakudya, chifukwa zimachepetsa kwambiri chitetezo komanso mbalame za thanzi. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti oledzera sali oyenerera ku Paduans, chifukwa chifukwa chotsalira ndevu ndi madzi mutuwo udzakhala wouma, chifukwa cha hypothermia ikhoza kuchitika ndipo, chifukwa chake, chimfine, komanso chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa dothi - ziphuphu zimayambira. Pa chifukwa chomwecho, nkhuku za mitundu yosiyanasiyana sizipereka chakudya choda. Vuto lidzakuthandizani kuthetsa mbale ya kumwa mowa.
Mukudziwa? Electrophobia - iyi ndi dzina loopa nkhuku ndi chilichonse chomwe chili chofunikira kwa iwo: nkhuku, mazira, pansi, nthenga, mitembo, ndipo nthawi zina zimaphika nyama.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Musanagule mbalamezi ndizofunikira kuyeza ubwino ndi zonyansa. Kotero, mtunduwu uli ndi ubwino woonekeratu wosatsutsika, womwe ukhoza kukhala chifukwa chosagula mbalame. 
Ubwino:
- Kuoneka kokongola, zachilendo.
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu.
- Mbalame zingakhoze kuphunzitsidwa ndi kuphunzitsidwa, ndi zikhumbo zodzikonda pokhala wamkulu, zidzakhala zolimba ndi zokhulupirika.
- Zakudya zodyera, zowonda, zoyenera kudya zakudya zabwino.
- Kumsika ndi kumapikisano ndizoyenera kudzaza mapiritsi / mabulangete.
Kuipa:
- Khalidwe lachidziwitso choipa kwambiri mwazimayi, choncho kubereka kumatheka kokha mu chofungatira.
- Kusalolera kuchepetsa kutentha, kotengeka ndi chimfine, kuyenera kutenthedwa.
- Zokolola zochepa.
- Ubale si wamba ku Russia.
Kotero, kuchokera ku malingaliro a zachuma, sizingakhale zopindulitsa kukhala ndi paduans kupeza mazira a dzira ndi nyama, monga tsopano pali mitundu yambiri yomwe ili ndi zokolola zambiri ndi kulemera. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukongola kwa mbalameyi, kuyang'ana pa patio yanu kungakhale kokondweretsa kwambiri. Zoonadi, kukongola kwake kwa nthenga kumapangidwira moyo, osati phindu.
Zotsatira za Breed
