Strelitzia kapena Strelitzia (wochokera ku Latin Strelitzia) ndi mtundu wazomera zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Ndi a banja la Strelitzia. Kwawo ndi South Africa. Dzinalo la mtundu ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe adapereka zidaperekedwa m'zaka za zana la 18 polemekeza Mfumukazi ya England, wokonda maluwa - Charlotte Mecklenburg-Strelitskaya.
Kufotokozera kwa Strelitzia
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, imakula kuyambira 2 mpaka 10 m kutalika. Masamba amakhala ozungulira mawonekedwe, ofanana ndi masamba a nthochi, koma ali ndi petioles zazitali zomwe zimapangidwa mosangalatsa ndi nthangala zake. M'mitundu yayitali, petioles imapanga thunthu longa kanjedza. Kutalika kwa pepala kumatha kufika 30 cm mpaka 2 m.
Maluwa omwe ali pamtunda wautali wowongoka amasonkhanitsidwa m'malo opingika, ali ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka, ofanana ndi mbalame zowala zokongola kwambiri, mafuko aku South Africa amatcha mbewuyo "crane". Maluwa amakhala ndi mabulangete mawonekedwe amaboti akulu okuluka omwe ma petals amawonekera.
Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha: 3 kunja ndi 3 mkati. Makalidwe awo amatha kukhala oyera kapena kuphatikiza mitundu ya lalanje, yofiirira ndi yamtambo molingana ndi mawonekedwe. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe.
Rosette wamasamba ali ndi ma pedendo a 5-7. Ndipo chomaliza, mpaka maluwa 7 amatha kutsegulidwa motsatana. Maluwa amapanga timadzi tokoma tating'ono. Zimakopa mbalame zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapaka maluwa m'chilengedwe.
Mitundu ya Strelitzia
Mitundu isanu ndiyopadera:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa Amaluwa Nthawi |
| Royal (Strelitzia reginae) kapena mbalame ya paradiso. | Kholo. Zofotokozedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18. Mu chilengedwe, amakula mpaka 3.5 m. Odziwika kwambiri. Zolimbidwa mchipinda. | Oval, kutalika 15-40 cm, m'lifupi 10-30 cm, petiole 50-70 cm. | Orange, violet, buluu. Kukula masentimita 15. Pa peduncle imodzi pamatha kukhala maluwa 7. Imayamba nthawi yozizira, imatha chilimwe. |
| Strelitzia Nicholas (Strelitzia nicolai). | Ili ndi dzina la Grand Duke wa Russian Russian Nikolai Nikolaevich. Mwachilengedwe, imakula mpaka mamita 900. Ili ndi mtengo ngati pseudo-thunthu. Mbewu zosapsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya, ndipo mapesi owuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe. | Fikirani 2 m, pa petioles zazitali. | Choyera komanso chamtambo. Kukula mpaka 50 cm. Kasupe-chirimwe. |
| Reed (Strelitzia juncea) | Pachimake, zofanana ndi zachifumu. Wopezeka mumtundu wina mu 1975. Sayansi-botanist R.A. Gyor wochokera ku South Africa adawonetsa kusiyana pakati pamitunduyi. Kuzizira komanso chilala. | Zopapatiza zimafanana ndi singano kapena bango ndikupanga fan. | Malalanje owala ndi buluu. Limamasula zaka 4 mutabzala. Maluwa mosalekeza. |
| Choyera (Strelitzia alba) | Imatha kukula mpaka 10 m kutalika. Imayalidwa m malo mchipinda chokwanira ndi mizu ndi malo apamwamba. | Grey wobiriwira mpaka 1.5-2 m. | Choyera. Chilimwe cha masika |
| Phiri (Strelitzia caudate) | Yofotokozedwa mu 2016. Ndi osowa, ukukula ku South Africa Republic. Itha kumera mpaka 8 m. | Yosalala ndi mitsempha yotchulidwa. | Kukula mpaka 45 cm, oyera. Chilimwe cha masika |
Strelitzia amasamalira kunyumba
Strelitzia ndiwofatsa. Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa abwino, tsatirani malamulo ena osamalira kunyumba:
| Choyimira | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Malo / Kuwala | Windo lakum'mawa kapena kumwera, kuwala kowala. Amasanjika masana kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha, kupita naye kukhonde kapena kumunda. Tetezani ku zolemba. | Mbali yakumwera, kumadzulo kapena kummaŵa, ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zowunikira zowonjezera. |
| Kutentha | + 22 ... +27 ° С | + 14 ... +15 ° С. Amalimbikitsa kutentha kutsika masana. |
| Chinyezi | 70% Gwiritsani ntchito kusamba pansi pa bafa lotentha, thireyi yokhala ndi miyala yonyowa. | Osapitirira 60%. Nthawi ndi nthawi utsi wa korona. |
| Kuthirira | Madzi owiritsa ambiri kapena osasankhidwa. | Chepetsani, kulola nthaka kuti iume ndi pafupifupi 1 cm pamwamba. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Ndibwino kuti mukupangira feteleza wamaluwa. Mineral 2 pa sabata, organic - kangapo pachaka. | Palibe chifukwa. |
Thirani
Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimaziika pachaka mchaka mu chidebe 3-5cmkulu kuposa zomwe zinali zam'mbuyomu. Zomera zokhwima zimasinthidwa pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. Duwa lalikulu lingafunike mphika. Kuika kumachitika ndi transshipment.
Mu chidebe chokonzedwerachi, ndikuyika dothi lokwanira, dothi latsopano ndi chomera chokhala ndi dothi lapadziko lapansi chimayikidwamo. Ngati pali mizu yowonongeka, yovulala kapena yowonongeka, imachotsedwa, malo odulira amawazidwa ndi kaboni wosweka.
Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, amawazika. Nthaka yatsopano imawonjezeredwa m'malo opanda kanthu a mchombo pakugwedezeka pang'ono pang'ono. Duwa limathiriridwa ndikusiyidwa mumthunzi kuti musinthidwe kwakanthawi.
Kuswana
Strelitzia imafalitsa m'njira ziwiri:
- mbewu;
- zamasamba.
Mbewu zimatha kutaya msanga, ndiye kuti zina zatsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka osapitirira chaka.
- Amanyowa kuyambira maola 2 mpaka 24 m'madzi otentha (40 ° C), mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thermos.
- Poto yaying'ono yokhala ndi mabowo amadzaza ma dothi imadzazidwa ndi dothi lokonzekereratu.
- Mchenga umawonjezeredwa ndi dothi lonyowa ndipo mbewu zobzalidwa mosaposa 2 cm, popanda kuwaza pamwamba.
- Phimbani ndi chotchingira ndi zojambulazo ndikusiya malo otentha.
- Madzi othiridwa pafupipafupi ndi madzi otentha owira.
- Mbewu zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira miyezi 1.5 mpaka zaka 0.5.
- Nyumba zobiriwira zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya.
- Pambuyo pozika mizu, maonekedwe a masamba atatu ndi atatu, amaphukira mosamala, osavulaza muzu wosakhwima, umayikidwa mumphika watsopano ndikuthira manyowa.
- Chomera chikukula mphamvu pang'onopang'ono. Maluwa atatha zaka zinayi, kapena ngakhale zisanu ndi zitatu.
Pakumera kwachilengedwe, mphukira zazing'ono za wachikulire zimasulidwa. Izi ndizotheka mmera wazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mutamasulidwa maluwa. Iyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa mizu yake ndi yokhota. Ngati wavulala, duwa limatha kudwala ndipo ngakhale kufa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito ziwiya zopyinjika 20 cm, zokutira ndi dothi lokonzekera.
- Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, mphukira zazing'ono zimalekanitsidwa ndi chizimba cha amayi.
- Zida zopangidwa ndi kaboni.
- Nthaka sayenera kupunthwa kuti isavulaze mizu. Kugawana nthaka mofanananira, gwedezani poto pang'ono.
- Kusintha kwamphamvu maluwa akamakula. Pakatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri, mbewuyo imapeza mphamvu ndipo imaphuka.
Vuto losamalidwa ndi Strelitzia, tizirombo ndi matenda
Strelitzia sakonda kudwala, koma muyenera kudziwa mavuto omwe angabuke:
| Kuwonekera pamasamba, zizindikiro zina | Chifukwa | Miyeso |
| Mdima, kuzungulira kwa petioles. | Chinyezi chambiri kapena kutentha pang'ono, kapena mafangayi. | Ndi bwino kusintha kuthirira: kuzizira, kochepetsa. Madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka rhizomes amachotsedwa, amathandizidwa ndi mafangayi, zigawo zimakonkhedwa ndi makatani a mpweya. |
| Chikaso. | Kuchepa kwa zakudya kapena kutentha pang'ono. | Amadyetsedwa nthawi zonse, kuyikidwa malo otentha komanso owira. |
| Kuyanika kuzungulira m'mphepete. | Yumetsani nyengo yotentha. | Pukutirani masamba. |
| Kusintha, kupotoza. | Kupanda kuwala ndi michere. | Patsani kuyatsa kowala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera. |
| Imfa ya masamba. | Kusuntha nthawi yopanga maluwa. | Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamayende maluwa. |
| Malo oyera ndi kufota. | Zopatsa. | Masamba odwala amachotsedwa, athanzi nthawi zambiri amasambitsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. |
| Mawonekedwe achikasu ndi a bulauni, amasintha kuuma, kutulutsa zomata, asinthidwa kukhala zoyera. | Chotchinga. | Tizilomboti timachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chinkhupule, chothiridwa ndi sopo yochapira ndi kukonzekera kwa Confidor ndi Actara, mobwerezabwereza pambuyo pa masabata atatu. |
| Malo ang'onoang'ono oyera ndi akangaude ambiri. | Spider mite. | Ikani zovala zofunda ndi chithandizo ndi Actellik. |
| Maluwa samakula. | Kuyandikira pafupi. | Iwotsedwera chidebe chokulirapo ndi dothi latsopano. |
Kuphulika kwa Strelitzia kumakondweretsa diso ndi kuwala kwake komanso momwe zimayambira. Maluwa amatenga miyezi ingapo mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maluwa, amatenga milungu iwiri kapena kupitilira.
