Zolengedwa zodabwitsa zachilengedwe - mini-orchids. Zowonjezereka za mitundu ndi mitundu, ndondomeko za kulima

Ndi njira yatsopano ya minimalism mu malo okhalamo, fashoni ya mini-zomera mkati imapezeka. Chimodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri ndi ma orchid.

Chomera chabwino pa malo ang'onoang'ono, oyenera kuwonetsetsa kulikonse ndi kudzichepetsa, mwamsanga anadalira chidwi cha osamalira wamaluwa okha, komanso amayi. Chokondweretsa kwambiri chomera ichi, werengani nkhaniyi. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.

Ndi chiyani?

Mitengo ya orchid kapena yazing'ono, monga momwe anaitanidwira ndi anthu, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ma hormoni okula mu kukula kwa maluwa ofanana amaluwa. Motero, mbali yawo yaikulu inkawoneka - maluwa ang'onoang'ono mu gulu la inflorescences la chomera. Zikhoza kukhala chomera chokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono pamtengo wokhazikika kapena kamtengo kachetechete ka mbewu yonse.

Kodi zimawoneka bwanji?

Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa mbeu kumakhala 15-20 masentimita, kukula kwa maluwa, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, kungakhale kuyambira 4 masentimita mpaka masentimita 7. Chiwerengero cha pambali chimadalira zaka za mbewu, Kawirikawiri, mini-orchids ali ndi masamba 5-7 omwe ali ndi zobiriwira kwambiri chaka chonse.. Chiwerengero cha maluwa pa peduncle chikhoza kufika zidutswa khumi ndi zisanu, pamene kuli kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito magulu ena othandizira kuti mbewuyo isaswe pansi.

Mafotokozedwe a zamoyo

Mini-orchids ndi yokongola maluwa herbaceous zomera.. Ili ndi maluwa osatha. Imafanana ndi maluwa omwe amawoneka ngati amphepete, mwachidule. Mitengo, maluwa, masamba, mawonekedwe awo ndi mitundu imabwereza mobwerezabwereza anzawo apamtima. Maluwa a zomera izi nthawi zambiri amayamba miyezi yozizira ndipo amatha masiku 30.

Mitundu yaing'ono ndi mitundu, zithunzi zawo

Pakadali pano, maluwa otchedwa orchids otchuka kwambiri ndiwo maluwa, zomwe mukuziwona m'munsimu.

Ng'ombe

Chimodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri ndi Cattley. Mitundu imeneyi imayenera kulima. Mtundu wambiri wa Katlea - Walker. Chikhalidwe cha masamba sichimala msinkhu kuposa masentimita 10. Maluwa amafika 8-10 masentimita awiri.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwone vidiyoyi pazochitika za mini-orchid "Cattleya":

Ascocend

Ascocenda amamasula 3-6 pachaka ndipo, monga achibale ake, safuna kusamalira mosamala. Ndi chomera ichi ambiri amalima maluwa atsopano amayamba maluwa awo.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwone vidiyoyi pazochitika za Askocend mini-orchid:

Amamera oncidium

Oncidium ndi mitundu yodzichepetsa kwambiri yamaluwa yomwe imatchuka kwambiri pobelera kunyumba.. Peduncle ikhoza kukhala ndi maluwa okwana 4 aakulu, omwe ndi aakulu 6-8 masentimita. Maluwa angakhale oyera, achikasu, alanje ndi ofiira.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwonere vidiyoyi pa zochitika za mini-orchid "Oncidium Ondidium":

Cymbidium

Kuwoneka kwina, mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Maluwa akhoza kusangalatsa mtundu woyera, wachikasu, wa pinki ndi kirimu. Peduncle atapachikidwa, atazunguliridwa ndi masamba ofunda kwambiri.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwonere vidiyoyi pazochitika za "Cymbidium" ya mini-orchid:

Mini Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis amamaluwa a orchids amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa amalima a maluwa. Mitundu imeneyi imakondwera ndi nthawi yaitali kwambiri yamaluwa. Kutalika kwa peduncle kungakhale pafupifupi masentimita 30, omwe ndi ofanana ndi kutalika kwa masamba.

Phalaenopsis Mini Mark, yomwe ili m'gulu la zikhalidwe zosakanizidwa. Chomeracho chili ndi maonekedwe a maluwa okongola a mtundu wa orange. Kutalika kwa masamba kungakhale kuyambira masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Chisamaliro cha mitundu iyi ndi mtundu wosazolowereka wa maluwa okha. Maluwa a maluwa m'madera ena ali ngati odetsedwa ndi utoto wachikasu ndi la pinki.

Tikukupemphani kuti tiwone vidiyoyi ponena za kulima Mini Phalaenopsis:

Kodi zomera zimakula kapena nthawi zonse zimakhala zochepa?

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hybrid yomwe imagulitsidwa m'masitolo nthawi zonse, ndi zovuta zowonongeka, zomwe zinachokera ndi kugwiriridwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zachirengedwe komanso genera. Miyeso ya hybrids imadalira mtundu uti umene umasakanikirana nawo.Ngati orchid ili ndi chiganizo "mini" - ndiye idzakhalabe. M'zinthu zachilengedwe, pafupifupi mitundu 40 ya miniguchi imapezeka, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ali ndi mitundu yosiyana ndi ma subspecies, ndipo chiwerengero cha hybrids chochokera kwa iwo chimafika mazana.

Kodi ndizofunika zotani, nthaka?

Ndikofunikira: Kulima mini-orchids, spsgnum moss kapena peat moss amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo, atagula, wamaluwa ambiri amalangiza kuti azigawaniza zomera m'miphika yawo, yomwe ndi nthaka yomwe imapangidwa ndi khungwa la thundu.

Moss amasungira chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa gawo lachidziwitso, choncho musamachite nawo madzi okwanira kawirikawiri, chifukwa izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu yake.

Monga miphika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida za pulasitiki zomwe amagula orchid. Kukula kwake ndi 6-8 masentimita.

Chophimba ichi chikhoza kuyika mphika wa galasi kapena pulasitiki, yomwe imagwirizana ndi mkati, motero imabisala. Mitundu ina ya mini-orchid imakula imayimitsidwa, popeza imakhala ndi maluwa olemera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, miphika ya orchids iyenera kukhala yoonekera, izi zidzakupatsani mwayi wopeza kuwala kwa mizu.

Malangizo osamalira

Daluwa lililonse la mkati limadalira mame ndi maluwa. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri za ma orchid ndi awa:

• kutentha kwapakati popanda madontho akuthwa;
• sungani mphepo yamoto;
• Pewani kuwala kwachindunji pa chomera;
• feteleza wamaluwa molingana ndi malangizo

Kodi manyowa?

• Orchid amafunika kuthira manyowa pasanapite nthawi kapena miyezi iwiri mutatha.
• Musameretse zomera, zomwe zinapeza zowola.
• Manyowa chomera pokhapokha mutatha kuthirira.
• M'chilimwe, orchid imafunika kuberekedwa kawiri pa mwezi, m'nyengo yozizira - osapitirira 1 nthawi pamwezi.
• Pakati pa maluwa, musamamwe maluwa.

Mitundu ya feteleza:

• Muzu. Anayesetsa kulimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera. Pambuyo kuthirira, kutsatira malangizo pa phukusi, muyenera kuchepetsa feteleza m'madzi ndikuiyika pansi ndi maluwa. Munda wa feteleza uyenera kupita ku chipinda chofunda kwa maola angapo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati maluwawo ali pafupi ndi zenera kapena khonde, ziyenera kukonzedwanso ku malo osiyana mu chipinda kuti kuwala kochokera ku dzuwa sikugwera pazomera.
• Foliar. Pankhaniyi, maluwa a orchid sayenera kuthiriridwa, koma amapopedwa. Komanso, kutsatira malangizo, muyenera kuchepetsa feteleza m'madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito masambawo ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Ndipo pakadali pano patsiku la masamba sayenera kugwira dzuwa. Pewani fetereza pa masamba ndi maluwa. Nkofunika kuti manyowa amere tsiku lililonse masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu (14-14) pa nthawi ya kukula kwa mini-orchids, osati kamodzi pamwezi pa nthawi ina yonse. Poonekera, chomera mu dziko lino sichikula ndipo sichikhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu. Panthawi yopuma silingakonzedwe kuti manyowa azitsamba. Mitengo ya orchid imakhala ndi chilimwe (miyezi yotentha) ndi kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.

Momwe mungasinthire?

Mungagwiritse ntchito malangizo a magawo ndi masitepe opangira ma orchids, ndikumbukira zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Ngati kamtengo kako kakang'ono kakukwera pa "pillow" ya moss, ndiye kuti mumayenera kubzala orchid kamodzi pachaka. Iyenera kuikidwa mini-orchid mu kasupe pa nthawi ya kukula mwakhama mpaka nthawi yomwe peduncle imapangidwira.
2. Kuti mulekanitse nthaka yakale kapena moss kuchokera ku mizu ya orchid, ikani orchid kwa mphindi zochepa mu chidebe cha madzi. Mulole madziwo alowe pansi (moss) ndi kulekanitsa mizu ya orchid imodzi ndi imodzi kuchokera pansi.
3. Ngati mwasankha kubzala orchid mu dothi lokhala ndi makungwa, mugwiritseni ntchito nthaka yomwe ili ndi makungwa a kagawo kakang'ono.

Chophika cha orchid chaching'ono chiyenera kukhala chochepa.. Choncho, zimapangitsa kuti maluwa a orchid apumule bwino. Mungagwiritse ntchito mphika wonyezimira womwe maluwa amamera amakula, pambuyo powupukuta bwinobwino.

Timapereka kuti tiwone vidiyoyi ponena za kusintha kwabwino kwa mini-orchids:

Zithunzi zoberekera

Pankhani ya kuswana kwa maluwa aang'ono, "mwana" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amalekanitsidwa ndi maluwa (njira yofalitsira zomera). Mukawonekera, kuthawa kwatsopano kuchotsedwa mosamala. Kenaka amamizidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, omwe poyamba anaphwasula chonyowa chotchedwa sphagnum (peat moss).

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Mankhwala a orchids samakhala otengeka kwambiri ndi matenda, koma matenda omwe sali othandizira ndi ofala kwambiri.. Masamba achikasu, nsonga zowonongeka kapena zopotoka za tsamba la masamba.

Izi zingawonekere ndi chisamaliro chosayenera, chomwe chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Dzuŵa lolowera limawotcha masamba.
• Kulephera kwa kuwala kumabweretsa kuwononga mbewu.
• Kuthirira mobwerezabwereza kumachokera ku mizu yowola.
• Chikasu cha masamba ndi chizindikiro chakuti chomeracho ndi chisanu.
• Chipinda chofunda kwambiri chikhoza kupanga orchid.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mini-orchid:

1. Shchitovka - tizilombo tawoneka ngati chophimba chophimba nsabwe, chokhala ndi zofiira. Amatha kuwononga zomera mofulumira, kuwonjezeka pa masamba ndi tsinde la mbewu. Choopsa chachikulu ndi chakuti amuna amatha kuwuluka ndikupatsira mbewu zina m'chipindamo.
2. Aphid - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tili ndi mtundu wa zomera zomwe zimakhalapo. Aphid "malo" kapena "kunyumba" angakhale ndi mtundu woyera, wakuda kapena wobiriwira. Tizilombo timakhala m'midzi yochepa. Amadyetsa zomera zomwe zimayamwa, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimafulumira.
3. Kufiira ndi owopsa kwambiri tizilombo pakati pa oimira awa. Tizilomboti timangodya zomera zokha, komanso timakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimalimbikitsa maonekedwe a bowa ndi kukopa tizilombo tina. Iyi ndi tizilombo tooneka ngati mazira, pafupifupi 4 mm kukula. Pali mitundu iwiri:
   • chofiira chofiira - thupi laling'ono lofiira lofiira loyera;
   • Nkhumba ya Citrus - Mtundu umasiyana ndi lalanje mpaka wakuda ndi mawanga oyera.

Ngati ma orchid amawonongeka kwambiri, mbewu zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kupopedwa ndi fungicides. Ndi kugonjetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa orchid yemweyo, simungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwewo. Pakuti spores wa bowa matenda opatsirana mwamsanga kutulutsa chitetezo chotsutsa fungicidal mankhwala.

Kutsiliza

Mulimonsemo, ndibwino kukumbukira kuti posamalira ndi kudyetsa bwino mbeu, idzakondweretsa inu ndi mitundu yowala osati kudwala. Choncho, ngati zomera sizingokhala maluwa okongola m'munda mwanu, komanso mphatso yabwino yomwe imayendera mkati mwake ndipo idzasangalatsa eni ake kwa zaka zambiri.