Kodi wowonjezera kutentha kwenikweni violet akuwoneka bwanji ndi momwe angasamalirire?

Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu padziko lonse akhala akuchita floriculture. Maluwa pa malo amunda, mabedi a mumzinda ndi zipinda zokondweretsa ndi kukongola kwawo. Kuwonjezera pa zokongoletsera, zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala ndi zonunkhira. Pa mitundu yonseyi pali maluwa omwe safuna chidwi chenicheni ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Zina mwa izo ndi violets. Zoposa mazana asanu za mitundu yawo zimadziwika.

Kufotokozera mwachidule za zosiyanasiyana

"Zowonjezera kutentha" zimatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa modzichepetsa kwambiri maluwa. Maluwa amtundu uwu amamasula kwa miyezi 2-3. Chiphuphuchi chikufanana ndi maluwa akuluakulu a tchire, choncho ndi abwino kwa iwo omwe ali ngati maluwa oboola belu. Pa peduncle pali 2 -3 masamba.

Kodi ndi liti ndipo zakhala bwanji?

Tsiku limene zamoyo zikuchitika ndi 2008. Iyo inalengedwa ndi Konstantin Morev. Cholinga chake chinali kupanga maluwa ngati "kakombo wa chigwa" ndi mtundu wodabwitsa. Ndipo kale mu 2008, violet iyi anawonetsedwa pa chiwonetsero. Mukhoza kuphunzira za mitundu ina yomwe inalumikizidwa ndi K. Morevim m'nkhani yapadera.

Dziko lonse la violets ndi chigawo cha East Africa. Dzina la bwanamkubwa wa chigawochi ndi dzina loti violets - "Saintpaulias".

Kuwonekera: masamba, maluwa, zina

• Maluwa Maluwawa ndi oyera omwe ali ngati mabelu awiri okhala ndi bulauni wobiriwira. Nkhuku zimakula palimodzi. Maluwawo ndi ofiira kukula kwake ndi azitsamba zoyera. Nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi belu, ndipo zimakula bwino.
• Masamba. Masamba pang'ono a mtundu wautali wobiriwira.
• Zida. Malo okongola, omwe nthawi zina amakula kwambiri.
• Zikugwedeza. Zilonda zam'mimba zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, sizikhoza kulemera kwa duwalo, zimagwera pambali zosiyana.

Zosiyana za chisamaliro

1. Kuunikira

   Saintpaulia uyu amakonda kuwala, koma osati molunjika. Mphika wokhala ndi chomera kuyika pawindo lakummawa kapena kumadzulo. Kuwaza kumayenera kumawindo lakumwera. Chophika chokhala ndi violet sichiyikidwa mkati mwa chipinda, chifukwa sipadzakhala kuwala kokwanira panthawi imodzimodzi, zomwe zingachepetse chitukuko cha saintpaulia.

2. Kutentha

   Wamkulu saintpaulia amafuna kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 23. Achinyamata amafunikira mphepo yotentha - 23 - madigiri 25. Kusintha kwa kutentha masana ayenera kukhala madigiri 2 mpaka 3. Oyenera kwambiri pamene kutentha kuli kofanana.

   Usiku, kukula kwa kutentha kumapweteka mbewu, chifukwa panthawi ino minofu imapuma. Kutentha kwapafupi pa madigiri 15 ndi kupitirira kwambiri pa madigiri 30 kumapangitsa kuti Saintpaulia asakule, ndipo amatsogolera ku deformation wa masamba ndi maluwa.

3. Chinyezi

   Chipinda choyenera chinyezi cha violets ndi 60 - 70%. M'chaka ndi Kutentha nyengo maluwa mphamvu ayenera kuikidwa pa thireyi ndi kukweza dongo kapena chonyowa moss. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikofunika. Pakatha miyezi itatu iliyonse masamba amatsukidwa ndi kuchapa. Izi ndi zofunika kuti pakhale kupuma.

4. Kuthirira

   Saintpaulia "Zowonjezera kutentha" zimakhala zovuta kwambiri polemekeza chinyezi. Sitilekerera zowonjezera zowonjezera komanso kuyanika kwa nthaka. M'chaka amathirira 1 - 2 pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira - nthawi 1. Madzi osiyanitsidwa ndi mvula amagwiritsidwa ntchito, otentha ndi ofewa. Imwani mizu ya violets. Madzi sayenera kugwera pa mfundo za kukula ndi maluwa, mwinamwake mapepala adzavunda ndipo zomera zidzafa.

5. Kupaka pamwamba.

   Kudyetsa zomera zimagwiritsa ntchito zovuta komanso zamchere feteleza (zimatero panthawi yogwira maluwa). M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, Saintpaulias ali ndi mpumulo ndipo sakhala pachimake pachimake. Ndiye chomeracho sichiri chodzaza ndi feteleza. Kuti akwaniritse kukula kwakukulu, maluwa atatha kuthirira amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni sabata iliyonse atatha kuthirira. Pitirizani izi mpaka mapangidwe a masamba. Zomera zazikulu zimakonda mapangidwe a potaziyamu-phosphorous.

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana pakubzala ndi kukula

Poyesa kubzala violets ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Pankhaniyi, sizingayambitse mavuto.

Nthaka

Kudyetsa okalamba, nthaka yosauka ndi yowonjezera imayenera. Lagulidwa m'masitolo apadera. Kuphatikiza apo, mukhoza kukonzekera nthaka panyumba, yokha. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani:

• peat (magawo atatu) (zimalimbikitsa kuchepetsa ndi vermiculite kapena perlite kuti asunge chinyezi);
• tsamba lapansi (mbali zisanu);
• mchenga wawukulu wa mtsinje (gawo limodzi);
• malasha ndi sphagnum (osapitirira 10% ya misala yonse ya chisakanizo).

Ndikofunikira! Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, ziwalozo ziyenera kudutsa mpweya ndi chinyezi bwino.

Mphamvu

Mtundu uwu wa violets sumasowa zitsulo zazikulu, pamene zikukulirakulira. Mphika wokhala ndi masentimita 6 ndi oyenera kwa zomera zachinyamata, masentimita 10 akuluakulu. Pangakhale phokoso pansi pa mphika kukhetsa madzi owonjezera.

Tikufika

Lamulo la kubzala kwa mbewuyi lachepetsedwa mpaka masitepe angapo. Kusamba kwa miyala yaying'ono kunatsanulira pansi pa thanki. Malo otsalawa ali ndi nthaka yosakaniza. Kenaka amawonjezeranso supuni 1 ya superphosphate ndi phulusa. Sitimayo yokhazikika idabzalidwa mumphika, yokutidwa ndi nthaka ndi kuthirira.

Kuwaza

"Mpweya wotentha" umapangidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu, masika. Ngakhale chomera cha pullet chikukula, chimafalikira pachaka. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kusunga mphika womwewo, kumasintha nthaka kusakaniza. Pamene masamba a violet awoneka, samasintha.

Pakuika zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu, ndikofunikira kuti muwone zakuya. Ndikofunika kuti mizu ya chomera idzaze m'phika ndi gawo lapansi. Ngati chodzala ndi chapamwamba kwambiri, mizu imakhala yopanda kanthu ndipo zomera zimamasula bwino. Kuikidwa m'manda kwakukulu kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mfundo zokula.

Matenda

Zosiyanasiyana za Saintpaulia "Zowonongeka Kwambiri" zimakhala zovuta ku matenda a fungal. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mpweya kapena kupezeka kwa madontho a madzi pa masamba. Matenda amatha kuonekera pamdima wandiweyani, mabala a bulauni, mapulusa ndi spores.

1. Mame a chimbudzi amatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zoyera pa masamba. Polimbana nalo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa Readzol.
2. Kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali kumakhala ndi mabala ofiira pa masamba ndi kuvunda kwa mizu. Chomera chothekacho chimachotsedweratu, ndipo chidebecho chimatetezedwa mosalekeza.
3. Ndi nkhungu zakuda (imvi pambali iliyonse ya chomera), zowonongeka zimachotsedwa, ndipo chomeracho chimaikidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide.
4. Kuti muchotse dzimbiri (mabala a brownish-lalanje pa masamba) gwiritsani ntchito ofooka njira ya mkuwa sulphate.

Tizilombo

Tizilombo tingathe kuwononga maluwa - nthata, nsabwe za m'masamba, nsomba zam'madzi, ziphuphu, whiteflies, nematodes, oteteza mabodza ndi tizilombo tina. Acaricides amathandiza polimbana ndi nkhupakupa, Agravertine imagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa, ndipo mavitamini salola kulephera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Aktar.

Chenjerani! Violets zimakhudzidwa ndi "kutentha kwa madzi" chifukwa cha kukula kwachilengedwe. Matendawa ndi ovuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza.

Kutsiliza

Violet - imodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimakonda kwambiri m'nyumba. Mtundu wa violet "Mtengo Wowonjezera Mtengo" umayamikirika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa. Chomera chokongoletsera sichiri chokwanira, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo ayenera kutsatira malamulo ena pamene mukukula ndi kusamalira. Malinga ndi maonekedwe ake, saintpaulia "Greenhouse Effect" ndi ofanana ndi maluwa aakulu a m'chigwachi. Yokwanira kwa amaluwa osadziŵa zambiri.