Marigolds - maluwa amachokera ku America, anagonjetsa, mwinamwake, minda yonse ya dziko lathu. Kumalo ena, amadziwika kuti "Chernobrovtsy". Chomeracho chimakopa wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake, kumasula kulima ndi kukongola kwa maluwa. Nthenda yamtengo wapatali yomwe imatuluka ndi maluwa a marigold ndi njira zabwino zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ngakhale chomera ndi kudzichepetsa, koma kudyetsa iyo mutabzala akatswiri adakalipobe. Poyamikira, marigolds akubwezerani inu ndi maluwa ochulukirapo.
Kodi amawoneka bwanji?
Marigold amatchedwa choncho chifukwa chodabwitsa kwambiri mthunzi wa phungu wofiira-bulauni. Maluwa awa akhoza kukhala ochuluka mamita masentimita kufika mamita imodzi wamtaliZonse zimadalira zosiyanasiyana. Kumtchire, zomera zimenezi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Latin America. Mitundu yambiri imalimidwa ndi abusa ku Brazil, Mexico ndi Chile. Phunzirani zambiri za mitundu ya marigold, komanso kuona kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha maluwa pano, komanso za momwe mungasamalirire mawonedwe amodzi, werengani pano.
Ku Russia, "marigold erect" nthawi zambiri amakumana, sizikhala zovuta kwambiri pa nyengo. Kawirikawiri, pofuna kukula ndi kukula kwa mitundu iyi, izi ziyenera kukumana:
- chisanu chitetezo mutabzala kumayambiriro kwa masika;
- kutentha kwa usiku osachepera 5 madigiri Celsius;
- kuthirira ndi kudyetsa kuti lifulumire chitukuko.
Kuthirira
Marigolds amaonedwa kuti ndi osasamala zomera, koma kuti maluwa awoneke wathanzi komanso wathanzi, muyenera kutsatira ndondomeko ya kuthirira.
Panthawi ya kukula kwa zomera, nthawi zonse (mwachindunji) kuthirira ndikofunikira. Madzi akudziwa amalimi akulangiza mofanana, kupewa madzi othamanga. Apo ayi, mizu ikhoza kuvunda.
Pamene kukula kwa maluwa kuima, muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi. M'nyengo yotentha, kuthirira marigolds kumalimbikitsa madzulo pamene kutentha kumatha.
Kodi ndikofunikira kuti manyowa akhale ndi maluwa ambiri?
Marigolds amatha kukula, kukula ndi kufalikira popanda feteleza. Kukula mofulumira ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa n'kofunika kumasula nthawi zonse. Njirayi idzakuthandizani kuti muzitha kudzaza nthaka ndi mpweya ndi kupereka kupuma kwa mizu. Pofuna kukwiyitsa maluwa, kudulidwa kwa marigolds n'kofunikanso. Ndikofunika kuchotsa inflorescences chakale.
Malingana ndi akatswiri, ngakhale marigolds ndi wodzichepetsa, koma kudya katatu sikungakhale kosasangalatsa. Mothandizidwa, dothi lidzapindula ndi zinthu zowonjezera zowonongeka, zomwe zingathandize zomera kuti zikhale ndi maluwa owala kwambiri. Komanso, feteleza idzawonjezera nthawi ya maluwa yokha (mungathe kupeza zomwe marigolds amafunikira kuti maluwa awa).
Kodi mungachite bwanji zimenezi?
Olima munda nthawi zambiri "ndi diso" amadziwa nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa fetereza ya marigold. Ambiri a iwo amapanga zakudya zotchedwa katatu. Komabe, pofesa mbewu ndi kubzala zomera kutseguka pansi, fetereza silingakonzedwe.
Kudyetsa koyamba ndi zakudya kumayambira kale pamene maluwa ayamba kukula ndikukhazikika pansi, osati masiku oposa 14 atapitako pamsewu.
Kudyetsa katatu, komwe kudzakuthandizani kukula marigolds mofulumira ndikukula kwambiri, zikuchitika motere:
- Nthawi yoyamba Marigolds kumera nthawi yomweyo mbande ikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa amagwiritsa ntchito urea poyeretsedwa ndi madzi. Chiwerengero cha njirayi ndi supuni imodzi ya mankhwala pa 10 malita a madzi.
- Chakudya choyamba Marigolds amapangidwa pamene masamba oyamba ayamba kuoneka pa maluwa. Manyowa amagwiritsira ntchito yankho la superphosphate ndi potassium sulfate m'madzi. Chiwerengerocho ndi chimodzimodzi, supuni ya mankhwala iliyonse pa 10 malita a madzi.
- Nthawi yachitatu Mitengo imadyetsedwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya maluwa, kuti iwonjezere nthawi yake. Pochita izi, 10 malita a madzi kuchepetsa supuni 1 ya nitrophoska.
Kudyetsa kwina
Monga tanena kale, marigolds amaonedwa kuti ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, amatha kuwonongedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda ena omwe amatsatira moyo wa maluwa.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya ndi bowa amathandizira chida chotchedwa "Hom". Mkuwa, umene uli mbali yake, uli ndi zotsatira zoipa pa "zilonda" zosiyanasiyana za mitundu.
- Magalamu 40 a "Homa" (supuni 2 ndi slide) zimasakaniza ndi malita 10 a madzi.
- Zotsatira zake ndi sprayed marigolds.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchita chithandizo choterechi n'kotheka kokha pokhapokha maluwa akuyamba. Apo ayi, chidachi chidzawononga maluwa ndi zomera zidzakhala zopanda phindu.
Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito?
Olima amalima samagwiritsa ntchito njira yokha ya "zakudya zitatu". Ena amachita izo kamodzi, ndipo wina amathira manyowa ndi marigolds aliwonse. Pazinthu izi, mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza osiyana:
- Zida zopangidwa ndi nitrogen, phosphorous, potaziyamu. Izi ndi, mwachitsanzo, mzere wodziwika bwino wa mankhwala a Agrikol.
- Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potaziyamu sulfate, superphosphate ndi urea. Komabe, mukamagwira ntchito ndi feteleza, nkofunika kutsatira mosamala malangizo oti mugwiritse ntchito komanso mlingo woyenera. Apo ayi, marigolds akhoza kuchita zoipa kuposa zabwino.
- Anthu ogulitsa ulimi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa maluwa zitsamba infusions. Mwachitsanzo, kulowetsedwa kwa nettle kungakhale mankhwala abwino. Grass (ngati mukufunira) wathyoledwa, wodzazidwa ndi madzi ndikutuluka kunja kwa masiku 2-3. Mwamsanga pamene "mankhwala" akuwomba, amamwa madzi ndi marigolds ndi maluwa ena onse.
- Kuwonjezera pa kukula kwa maluwa kumakhudza kwambiri pansi. phulusa. Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa nthaka kumeneku kumadzaza ndi zothandiza organic substances zomwe zimadyetsa mizu ya marigold.
Marigolds amalola kulandira mtundu uliwonse wa feteleza ngati amadzipukutira molingana ndi mlingo wopangidwa ndi wopanga. Chovala chokha chokha chimene chimatsutsana ndi maluwa amenewa ndi humus.
Ground
Kuyambira kale, marigolds amadziwika ndi anthu ngati maluwa a dzuwa. Mwina izi zimakhala chifukwa cha mthunzi wawo. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya marigold, yomwe imatchedwa "Solar ball". Choncho, izi Zomera zimakonda kwambiri, chifukwa kukwera kwawo kuli kofunika kusankha malo a dzuwa (Zambiri za momwe mungamere bwino ndi kusamalira marigolds kunyumba ndi kumunda, werengani apa).
Komabe, mu gawo lamthunzi la munda wanu iwo adzakulira ndipo adzakusangalatsani inu ndi masamba awo owala. Komabe, pakali pano, maluwawo adzawoneka odwala, ndipo maluwawo adzakhala ochepa. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya marigolds imakonda malo otseguka. Amakonda nthaka yopanda ndale yomwe imasungidwa pamtunda wabwino kwambiri.
Marigold amadziwa bwino njira yosamutsira mbande kutsegula nthaka chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa thunthu ndi mizu yambiri (kuti mudziwe momwe mungayambire mbande za marigold, mungapeze apa). Mukamabzala m'munda wamaluwa muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
- Oimira mamita osiyanasiyana otalika pamtunda wa masentimita 40 kuchokera pamzake.
- Kwa maluwa apakatikati, kutalika kwake kudzakhala 30 masentimita.
- Ma marigolds amamera pamtunda wa masentimita 20 pakati pa zomera zoyandikana.
Mwamsanga mutatha kuziika zomera, ndi bwino kuti muthe madzi ambiri ofunda.
Kutsiliza
Marigold amapangidwa bwino ndi zinthu zothandiza ndipo panthawi yoyenera pa izi, zidzakuthandizani kusangalala ndi mitundu yowala kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndibwino kuti tipeze zakudya zamadzulo madzulo kapena m'mawa, panthawi yomwe adzakhale ndi nthawi yoti alowe mu nthaka ndikulowa muzu musanayambe kutentha.
Malinga ndi malipoti a olima wamaluwa, ndi bwino kubereka chakudya pambuyo pa kuthirira bwino. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsa ntchito mvula yachilengedwe: feteleza idzagwira ntchito moyenera ngati mutayigwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji pambuyo pa mvula, osati patsogolo pake.