Haworthia ndi mtundu wachitsamba wothira mbewu zomwe zimakhala za banja losangalatsa. Ndizofala kwambiri ku South Africa, komanso ku Africa ndi Cape. Mtundu uwu unatchulidwa pambuyo pa Adrian Hardy.
Nthaŵi zina masambawa amakhala ofewa, nthawi zina amawombera kapena ataphimbidwa ndi mitsempha yaitali. Mitengo ya mitundu ina imadzala ndi zoyera zamtundu winawake. Kawirikawiri, zomera za mtundu uwu zimabala mphukira zambiri zotsatila. Chomeracho chimamera ndi zochepa, zosasangalatsa maluwa oyera. Komanso mu nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za momwe tingafalitsire havortiya molondola.
Kodi chomera ichi n'chiyani?
Haworthia ndi chomera chosatha, chodziwika ndi kukula kochepa. Titha kunena kuti ndi shrub popanda thunthu kapena thunthu laling'ono. Pokhala wamkulu, akhoza kufika 12 cm mu msinkhu. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi mapesi afupikitsidwe, nthambi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhalanso ndi zitsulo za ana ndi mphukira.
Masamba a chomera ndi osowa pansi. Zili zovuta, zansalu, zinyama. Kawirikawiri amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a katatu. Iwo akhoza kukhala osamvetseka, opatulidwa, kapena kudula kumapeto. Kawirikawiri amadziwika ndi malo otsika kwambiri omwe ali ndi hillocks. Iwo amapanga mizere yopingasa. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wobiriwira wakuda ndi buluu, ukhozanso kukhala ndi ma toni brownish.
Mu mitundu ina, epidermis yowonekera, yomwe ili pansi pa mimba ya aquiferous. Zitsulo zoterezi zingapange ma sods, omwe ali ndi scions. Blossom sichiyimira mtengo wapadera. Maluwawo ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe amadziwika ndi 6 pamakhala, omwe amakula pamodzi pansi. Ali ndi mtundu wa pinki woyera kapena wofiira.
Samalani! Peduncle ayenera kuchotsedwa pasadakhale, chifukwa mitundu yambiri imatha kufa pambuyo maluwa.
Kuswana havortiya
Kwa kubalana kaŵirikaŵiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumbali kumbali, masamba kapena mbewu. Njira yabwino imatengedwa ngati kupatulidwa kwa ana panthawi yopatsirizidwa, popeza kale ali ndi mizu. Mutha kuziika mu miphika yambiri. Kuchokera kwa mayiyo chomera ndikofunika kudula mosamala kwambiri mwanayo, pambuyo pake muyenera kudzala chomera mu gawolo musanayambe kuwombera.
Mbewu za havortiya zimatha kugulitsidwa ku sitolo iliyonse yamaluwa, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti kuswana uku kumatenga nthawi yochuluka. Kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amateurs kapena obereketsa.
Mungathe kufalitsa havortiya ndi rooting kapena kulekanitsa pepala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula kapena kupuma ndi zala zanu, ndikuyang'ana kumbali. Itatha kuti iume kwa masiku atatu. Komanso yankho labwino likanatha kukhala pansi pamsana wamchenga. Kuthirira kumachitika masabata onse 4. Panthawiyi, mizu yoyamba ikhonza kuwoneka.
Pansipa pali vidiyo ya momwe kufalitsa Xavortia kumawombera
Momwe mungasinthire?
Phika ayenera kusankhidwa, koma osati kwambiri. Pambuyo pakugulitsa nthaka ayenera kuikidwa ndi miyala. Samalani kuti havortia ikhale yosangalala kwambiri ngati dothi lidawoneka ngati phiri. Kuthirira kumatha kuchitika pamphepete, chifukwa chomera chimatengera kanthawi kochepa kuti kagwirizane ndi malo atsopano.
Kuthira kwakukulu panthawi yobzala kungayambitse kuvunda kwa kavalo. Iyenera kuikidwa mu kasupe.
Ngati nthaka ili yowonongeka ndipo pali madzi omwe akukhala mumphika, ndiye kuti chomeracho chichotsedwe ndikuchotsa mizu yonse yakufa. Mukhozanso kudula tsinde la tsinde ngati kuvunda kumachitika.
Ndikofunikira! Kuwaza sikungakhale kopweteka kwa mbewu, ngati iwe ukutsatira kufunikira kotero - sayenera kuchitidwa madzi okwanira ambiri. Muyenera kutero pokhapokha nthaka itakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino.
Kodi ndi chifukwa chotani?
Havortia ayenera kuikidwa ngati pakufunika pamene mphika umakhala wolimba kwambiri.
Mitengo yaing'ono imayenera kuikidwa tsiku lililonse ndi 2-3 nthawi. Kuwombera bwino kumachitika bwino mu April, mu March. Chomeracho sichifunikira mphika waukulu. Koma muyenera kumvetsera zowonongeka, chifukwa ndi iye yemwe amatsimikizira kukula kwabwino chifukwa chakuti salola kuti madzi asapitirire.
Ground
Khavortiyam yoyenera kusakaniza tsamba lapansi ndi mtedza, mchenga, peat ndi humus. Mukhozanso kuwonjezera njerwa za njerwa pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza kwa osakaniza ndi cacti.
Dothi la havortiy liyenera kuyamwa chinyezi m'njira yabwino, popanda kuimitsa. Ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka, zosasunthika komanso zosagwirizana. Pamene imanyowa, iyenera kulola mizu kupuma. Zonsezi zimayesedwa ndi chisakanizo cha magawo anayi a dziko lapansi ndi magawo 6 a ufa wophika.
Kuphika ufa ndi miyala yabwino. Komabe, mungasankhenso dothi louma, perlite, mwala wa pumice, makala, njerwa, pulasitiki yonyowa. Pakuti mizu yabwino zakudya zosakaniza, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zosiyana mchenga particles.
Pansipa pali vidiyo yokhudza kuika miyala:
Poto
Sitani iyenera kukhala yotsika, yayikulu komanso yopanda kanthu. Ngati ili lonse, mbewuyo idzayamba kukula, osati mmwamba. Poto lochepa lingapangitse masamba kusweka.
Miyendo
Kusindikizidwa monga kuswana kwa havortiya kumachitika pang'onopang'ono:
Tengani chidebe chachikulu, chosaya. Ziyenera kukhala zozungulira kuti mizu yabwino ikhale yabwino.- Nthaka ikhale yopanda ndale kapena yamchere. Sungani musagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito, iyenera kukhala ndi mchenga, masamba, ndi nthaka.
- Popeza chomera sichimakonda madzi ochulukirapo, madzi okwanira amafunika. Pansi pa mabowo a miphika amapangidwa, omwe adzayang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
- Chomeracho mutatulutsa mphika chiyenera kuyendera. Kukhalapo kwa mizu yowonongeka ndi youma kumasonyeza kuti amafunika kudulidwa, ndi malo omwe adadulidwa ndi makala.
- Pambuyo pakugwiritsira ntchito chidebe chatsopano, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa.
Tengani chidebe chachikulu, chosaya. Ziyenera kukhala zozungulira kuti mizu yabwino ikhale yabwino.Chisamaliro pambuyo pa kuika
Pambuyo pa kuika kapena kubalana, havortiyu amafunika kudziwa malo omwe dzuwa salowa. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa zomwe zili m'chilimwe ndi kuyambira 15 mpaka 25, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mkati mwa madigiri 10-12.
Kuthirira ndi kofunika kuti tichite masabata awiri pa sabata, koma sitiyenera kulola madzi kulowa pakatikati pa chitsamba. Ndi kuthirira mozama kwambiri mizu idzayamba kuvunda, zomwe zingayambitse imfa ya havortiya.
Nkofunikira kuti manyowawa azikhala kamodzi pa mwezi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza zokongoletsera zomera kapena zofooka njira ya mchere feteleza.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti havortia ndi chomera, chomwe si chovuta kukula ndi kuchulukitsa momwe zikuwonekera. Ingotsatirani malangizowo ndipo mutha kuchita bwino.
