Osati nthawi yochuluka kwambiri yomwe tadakumana ndi tsabola wokoma m'masitolo ogulitsira ngati masamba a zamzitini kuchokera ku Bulgaria, ngakhale kutchulidwa kunakhazikitsidwa - "Tsabola wa ku Bulgaria".
Zinali zovuta kuganiza kuti masamba okongolawa akhoza kukula pamunda wa ndiwo zamasamba, koma kuti chisangalalo chathu chonse chikhale chosangalatsa, tithandizire kulengeza chikhalidwe cha kunja kwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amapezeka m'mayiko ambiri komanso m'minda yamaluwa.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri olima ndiwo zamasamba, kupatulapo, ndi bwino kunena kuti mitundu yambiri imamera makamaka kuti ikule mu dacha ndi kumbuyo. Izi zimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Bogatyr.
Kulongosola kwachidule
Bogatyr lokoma tsabola anali ndi dzina chifukwa cha shrub yamphamvu, yofalitsa mpaka 65-70 centimita wamtali, yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu, imodzi, mpaka 200 magalamu, ndi makoma akuluakulu, 0.5-0.7 millimeters.
Tsabola zofiira kwambiri zimakhala zazikulu, zophika, zofiira zowonongeka zowoneka komanso zobiriwira zobiriwira, zowutsa mudyo, zokoma, zonunkhira. Pepper Bogatyr - zosiyanasiyana zofiirira kucha, luso kuphulika kumachitika 125-135 masiku, tizilombo kusasitsa zidzafuna wina 10-15 masiku.
Zotuta zathu Bogatyr ndi bogatyr - pafupifupi makilogalamu 7 pa mita imodzi, koma uwu si malire, mosamala mutha kupeza zambiri, ngati chitsamba cholimba pambuyo pokolola koyamba kukula zipatso zotsalira pa nthambi.
THANDIZANI! Mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino pamalo ozizira, imalola kuti kayendetsedwe kazitsulo, komanso imakhala yovuta kwambiri ku matenda.
Chithunzi
Pambuyo pa chithunzichi akuwonetsedwa amphamvu a tsabola:
Kukula
Chofunika chachikulu cha mbewu zinabweretsa chiwerengero chochuluka cha olemera kuchokera kwa eni ake kupita ku makampani aakulu ndi odziwika bwino omwe ali ndi malingaliro olimba. Posankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana imene mukufunikira, samalirani kuti ndi ndani ndipo ndi ndani amene mbewuzo zimakula komanso zimadzazidwa.
Mungapeze matumba omwe ali ndi chithunzi chomwecho ndi mayina osiyanasiyana a mitundu, nthawi yomweyo pali kukayikira, sizikudziwika ngati mitundu yofanana ndi imodzi kapena chithunzi chimodzi cha mitundu yonse. Nanga bwanji za matumba okha? Kusungidwa kwa mitundu ingapo yamabulu kungabweretseretu zinthu zakuthupi ndi makhalidwe abwino.
Werengani malongosoledwe a zosiyana pa phukusi ndi kulifanizira ndi chithunzi, ngati machesiwo atsirizidwa, mu phukusi mwina ndizosiyana zomwe zafotokozedwa pa chizindikirocho. Koma musanagule kugula, tcherani khutu ku nthawi yomwe mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Kunyumba ku America, tsabola ndi mbewu yosatha, ilibe malo oti ifulumire, imakula yokha popanda kuopseza chisanu. Mu chilengedwe chathu chachilengedwe, chimangowonjezereka kupyolera mu mbande ndi mau okhudza kufesa pansi mu May, ndipo zokolola mu September ndi nkhanza zoopsa. Zoipa chifukwa wina akhoza kukhulupirira kuti akhumudwitse. Tsabola - izi siziri kwa inu tomato, zomwe ngakhale mbeu-yobala imabereka zipatso.
ZOCHITIKA! Nthawi yabwino yofesa tsabola ku mbande ndikumapeto kwa February, kumayambiriro kwa March.
Kusankhidwa kwa phukusi la kubzala mbande
- Kufesa mu miphika ya peat ndi mapiritsi.
Pakalipano, wamaluwa amapatsidwa kusankha kwakukulu kosiyanasiyana kwa mbande, kumangodalira kukoma, luso ndi njira yofesa mbewu.
Zikatero, ngati mukufunikira kamera kakang'ono, ndipo mbeu iliyonse iyenera kugulidwa, kugula mapiritsi a peat, mapeti a peat ali abwino kuntchito, amathandizira kwambiri ntchito, pambali pake, palibe kusowa kwa nthaka yapadera yokonzekera mbande.
Kuwonjezera kwakukulu kwa njira iyi ikukula ndi zimenezo Chipinda sichiyenera kusowa, ndipo chiyenera kubzalidwa mwapadera miphika.
- Kufesa mumabokosi.
Zikatero, ngati mbande zikufunika kupeza zambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi. Mlimi aliyense, atabzala mbande, amatsuka, amauma ndi kuziyika mosungirako, zimangokhala kuti azidzaza ndi nthaka.
Nthaka yachonde, yochepa ya mbande inakonzedwa mu kugwa ndikukhala pansi. Nthaka yozizira si yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa milungu iwiri, mabakiteriya a nthaka ali mmenemo, kupuma kwawo kumatenga nthawi.
Timadzaza mabokosi ndi nthaka ndi kuthira madzi ndi madzi otentha ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate (mtundu wofiira wa pinki koma osati wodzazidwa) ndikusiya madzi ochulukirapo ndikuzizira nthaka. Chochitika ichi n'chothandiza chifukwa matenda a fungal ndi tizirombo zonse zomwe zingatheke zikuwonongedwa mu nthaka.
Mbewu ya maola 6-8 musanayambe kufesa ingathe kulowetsedwa mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, kuti muiikiritse mavitamini, kenaka yambani ndi madzi ndi kubzala, chitani bwino pamtunda wofunda, wothira, musayambe kuzizira mozama kuposa masentimita imodzi.
Mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1.5 kapena 2 centimita. Mabokosiwa akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo, izi zidzateteza kutentha kwa madzi ndipo sizidzakhala zofunikira kuthirira mbewu isanayambe kutuluka, koma nkofunikira kuyendetsa chinyezi. Kubzala mbewu ndikofunikira kusunga ulamuliro wa kutentha wa madigiri 28-30 Celsius, ndiye amawombera adzawoneka mwamsanga. Kukula kwa mbeu kumadalira zosiyanasiyana.
Mabokosi omwe amawombera amachokera ku malo ozizira kwambiri. Zomera zokhetsa madzi zimafuna madzi ozizira komanso moyenera, madzi osungira madzi sakuvomerezeka.
Kusankha
Pambuyo pa masamba awiri enieni a zomera, mutha kuyenda. Pa ntchitoyi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito wandolo ndi nsonga yochepa yogwira ntchito, yofanana ndi nsonga yapamwamba, motero dzina la ntchito yoika mbande - kuthawa.
Ndibwino kwambiri kuti ndikasende mbande mu peat cubes kapena miphika, koma pokhapokha ngati alibe malo aliwonse akuluakulu azidzachita. Mukasankha, pezani pampando wa muzu, izi zidzakulitsa kukula kwa mizu ya mbali. Panthawi yopuma, zomera zofooka ndi za matenda ziyenera kutayidwa.
Kubzala mbande pansi
Pakubwera kwa kutentha kosatha, zomera ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo osatha. Mukhoza kufesa mbeu mu February, koma mukhale mochedwa ndikufika pansi, ndipo simungathe kukula.
Ngati zozizira zimakhala zotheka, konzekerani makina a waya ndi filimu, njira yovomerezeka ndi yodalirika.
Zosiyanasiyana "Bogatyr" zili ndi mphamvu yabwino, kukula kumachepetsa zokolola ndi khalidwe lake, kubzala zoposa 50 mpaka 50 centimita sikuvomerezeka kwa izi zosiyanasiyana.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Pepper safuna madzi okwanira kawirikawiri, kokha pa nthawi yamvula komanso pamene feteleza zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka.
Manyowa a nyengoyi ndi okwanira kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito katatu: Pambuyo pa rooting, feteleza feteleza akugwiritsidwa ntchito, manyowa ndi abwino, feteleza ovuta amathandiza musanafike maluwa, ndipo feteleza zovuta zimakhala zofunika pakuika zipatso.
Kupanga kudulira
Kuti pakhale kukula kwa nthambi zamtundu wambiri, mfundo zowonjezera zikhoza kukonzedwa pang'ono, izi zimapangitsa chitsamba kukhala cholimba, zokolola zidzakula.
ZOCHITIKA! Ndi bwino kubzala mu garter, Bogatyr Pepper safuna.
Kukolola
Pukutani tsabola kuchokera ku chitsamba panthawi yakusowa, kuwala kobiriwira, amasinthidwa kuti azikaka kapena kubwezeretsanso.
Mu chomera chopatsa thanzi, mphamvu imamasulidwa kuti ikule mbewu yotsatira. Fruiting akupitiriza mpaka kuyamba kwa kuzizira nyengo. Tsabola amasungidwa bwino.
Kupeza mbewu
Mukakonda zosiyanasiyana ndikukhumba kukula mbeu zanu, izi ndi zophweka, koma nkofunika kutsatira malamulo oyenera:
- Mbeu zoumba "Bogatyr" anabzala pamtunda wokwanira kuchokera kwa tsabola wa mitundu ina kuti asagwiritse ntchito pollination.
- Sankhani zipatso zabwino m'maganizo mwanu ndikuyembekezera kukula kwawo.
- Dya nyemba firiji, lembani zosiyanasiyana ndi chaka cholandirira ndi sitolo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zosiyanasiyana "Bogatyr" zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitisonyeza chidwi kwambiri ndi masamba ake owopsa ndipo zimayambira. Zikakhala kuti tizilombo taoneka, thirani zomera ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe othandiza
Tsopano zimakhala zovuta kulingalira momwe tinapangira popanda masamba ofunikira - ndipo timadya yaiwisi ndikusungira mazira ambiri m'nyengo yozizira pogwiritsa ntchito.
Ndipo chinthucho ndi chimenecho Pepper ili ndi pafupifupi zakudya zonse zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimathandiza kuti thupi liziyenda bwino komanso limalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Zitsulo zimayambitsa matumbo, rutin imayendetsa kusindikiza kwa magazi, imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kukhetsa magazi, imalimbitsa makoma a mitsempha.
Mu shuga, zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimalimbikitsa tsabola wokoma monga gawo la zakudya.
Palibe katundu wovulaza wapezeka mu tsabola wokoma.
Chaka chilichonse kutchuka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Bogatyr" ikukula chifukwa cha zodabwitsa zake, osati mitundu yambiri ya tsabola yotsekemera imatha kupikisana nayo. Sizingatheke kupeza mlimi yemwe angakane kukula kwa tsabola wosiyanasiyana ngati adayeserapo.
