Madzi otsika, mpaka mamita, amamera ndi tsinde la tetrahedral ndi masamba okongoletsera anatumizidwa ku Ulaya kuchokera ku chilumba cha Java mu mitundu iwiri: Coleus Blum ndi Coleus Vershaffelt.
Maonekedwe a masambawa ndi ofanana ndi nettle, kotero amalandira dzina lotchuka lakuti "nettle" kapena "chipinda cha nettle", ndipo mtundu wokongola ndi wokongola kwambiri.
Kuchokera pa mitundu yoyamba ija ya zaka zambiri zobereketsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi masamba anapezeka, mwachisawawa kuphatikiza zobiriwira, zofiira, maroon, ndi zachikasu.
Tropical coleus - maluwa omwe amakula mu chipinda chikhalidwe, komanso poyera pansi. M'madera a gulu lapakati, ndi chaka ndi chaka chomwe chafalikira m'nyumba ndikubzala pansi mumasika, pamene chiopsezo cha chisanu chadutsa.
Mu chithunzicho mungathe kuona maluwa a m'nyumbamo mkati mwake.
Kugwa, zomera zimachotsedwa, ndi zitsanzo zamphamvu, zomwe zimakhala ngati gwero la cuttings m'nyengo yotsatira ya chilimwe, zimatumizidwa ku malo a nyengo yozizira.
Kusamalira kwanu
Olima wamaluwa ovomerezeka nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa momwe angasamalire kunyumba? Taganizirani zambiri.
Kuunikira
Kuwala kowala, koma kosafunika kwambiri, kumakhala kofunika, monga coleus imafalikira dzuwa. Kuunikira kopambana kungakhalemawindo akuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kumalo otseguka yabwino kwambiri kubzalamalo ochepa pang'onoatetezedwa ku mphepo.
Kutentha
Njira yabwino yotentham'chilimwe - kuchokera20 mpaka 25 madigiri.Kupereka kokwanira kuthirira chomera mosavuta kulekerera apamwamba kutentha.
Nthawi yachisanu amafunika nthawi yopuma14-17 madigiri; imayimitsa kutentha kwakufupi kufika madigiri 10, ndi 7-8ºє kwa mbadwa zazitentha - malire a moyo.
ZOCHITA: Chomeracho chiyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula komanso kutentha kwakukulu.
Poyera Coleus anabzalakumayambiriro kwa Junendizoyera zambiripamaso yoyamba yophukira chisanu.
Ground
Palibe chofunikira pa nthaka gawo la Coleus: nthaka iyenera kukhalapang'ono asidi, lotayirira, wathanzi, ndi mpweya wabwino ndi chinyezi.
Angagwiritse ntchitoanamaliza nthaka yonse, osakaniza ofanana ndi sod, tsamba lapansi, humus ndi mchenga, kapenamunda wamunda kumalo otseguka.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira kunyumba
Chotsitsapofika mwinamawonekedwe oyenerandi choyeneradzenje lakuda. Popeza kuchepa kwa madzi sikoyenera, ndi bwino kusankha zinthu zamtundukeramiki popanda kupaka kosalekeza.
Pansi pa chidebecho muyenera kukhala nachomakina osanjikiza kanyumba kakang'ono kapena haydite, ndiye kutsanulira nthaka, ikani mizu ndikudzaza nthaka kusakaniza kufunika kwake, pang'onopang'ono kuigwirizanitsa.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira panja
Kubzala ndi kusamalira kunja sikunali kosiyana ndi m'nyumba. Pamalo otseguka, mbande za Coleus zimayikidwapamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
Kuwaza
Kusindikizidwapamene mukukula: achinyamata achinyamata chaka chilichonse, okhwima - nthawi zambiri, Monga lamulo,ndi zaka zale kutaya kukongoletsa kwawo; awom'malo mwa achinyamatawakula kuchokera ku cuttings.
Mutatha kugula Mitengo yoitanidwa imaloledwa Pambuyo pa nthawi yovomerezeka, patatha masabata 2-3, pamene amagulitsidwa poyendetsa nthaka yomwe ilibe phindu
Kuthirira
Madzinthawi zonsezedizofewa, osati madzi ozizira; ndikofunika kuti musalolepalibe kuyanika kwa nthaka ndi mizupalibe mpweya wa chinyezi m'nthaka.
M'nyengo yozizira, mu nyengo yonse, pa kutentha kwa madigiri 14-17 ndi tsiku lalifupi lowala,kuthirira kawirikawiri zotsatirakuchepetsa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
M'chilimwe coleus zothandiza kwambirikupopera mbewu m'mawa ndi madzulo, koma osati nthawi imene chomera chikuwalitsa dzuwa.
M'nyengo yozizira mphika ndi "ziphuphu" zokutidwadothi lamwala lakuda.
Kupaka pamwamba
Munyengo ya chilimwe Nthawi ya kukula kwachangu imadyetsedwaawiri nthawi pamwezi Kusungunula njira yothetsera mchere wambiri. Mu June, zimathandiza kulimbikitsa gawo la nayitrogeni, ndiyeno mugwiritsire ntchito makina osakanikirana a masamba okongoletsera.
Munyengo yozizira nyengo yodyetsaimani.
Kukula ndi kudulira
Bwanji ngati Coleus akusiya kugwa? Iye kukula mofulumirakuchotsedwa kwambiri, masamba apansi akugwa ndi chomeraamataya zokongoletsera.
Pakati pa chilimwe Chitsamba "nettle" chingadulidwe2-3 nthawi; Chomeracho mosavuta nthambi ndi kupanga masamba atsopano atsopano ndi mitundu yowala.
Kutayika pambuyo kudulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kubalana kwa coleus cuttings.
Maluwa
Chomeracho chimapanga mawonekedwe a buluu a inflorescences, spikes, omwe mu mitundu ina amakhala ndi fungo lokoma. Komabe, poyerekezera ndi masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, maluwa amawonekeratu; Kupatulapo, mphamvu ya chomera imatha pa maluwa.
Choncho, kutulukainflorescences kawirikawirichotsani.
Kuswana
Coleus akubalavegetatively -cuttings komansombewu.
Kubalanso tsinde la cuttings
Gwiritsani ntchito (kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn)cuttings pafupifupi masentimita 10. Mungagwiritse ntchito zowonongeka mmadzi m'madzi kapena mwamsanga muwabzala mumtunda wamba ndi kuwonjezerapo mchenga.
Kuphimba chivundikiro ndi pulasitiki, kutentha (+18-20ºС), ventilate ndi moisturize, kuteteza ku dzuwa.
Pambuyo popanga mizu ndi mapangidwe atsopano (m'masiku 8-10), cuttingsatakhala muzitsulo zosiyana ndi nthawi zonse nthaka osakaniza.
Pamene mukukula chimangakumalo otseguka zokolola cuttingsmu August-September, mizu ndizitsalira m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira. Kumayambiriro kwa June, timadontho timadzalidwa pa webusaitiyi.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande pamalo otseguka, mumtundu umodzi wa chaka chimodzi.
Mu March Mbeu zing'onozing'ono zimayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka kusakaniza, pang'ono kupanikizidwa, sprayed ndi madzi, yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki Mangam'malo amdima pa kutentha20-24ºС.
Akuwombera kuonekera pasanathemu masabata awiri. Ndiye mbewuyo imayikidwapazenera zowonongeka bwino kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo ndi kutentha17-19ºС.
Vidiyoyi ikuwonetsa momwe mungamerekere nkhuku kuchokera kunyumba:
Pambuyo popanga mawonekedwe a motley pa masamba a mbande, amabzalidwa m'magawo osiyana, ndipo kenako, kuti azitsatira kwambiri, amathira pamwamba pamtunda wa masentimita 10.
Zizindikiro za vuto
Masamba ataya mtundu, mphukira imatengedwa- kusowa kuwala, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Kuunikira kwina kumafunika.
Masamba amatha - kuwala kowala kwambiri. Chomera chikusowa shading.
Masamba amagwa - kudyetsa kapena kuchotsa nthaka. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi madzi okwanira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chenjerani! Kusakaniza kwakutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumabweretsa chitukukomatenda a fungal.
Ngati ndondomekoyi yayamba, muyenera nthawi yomweyo kukonzanso nyengo ndi kutentha.
Ngati mukugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, mudzayenera kuzula mdulidwe, kudula mphukira zabwino, ndi kuwasunga bwino, ndi kuchotsa mbewu zonsezo.
Coleus akhoza kumenyanawhitefly, mealybug, aphid ndi akangaude. Tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi sopo yankho kapena ubweya wa thonje wothira mowa, komazothandiza amatanthauza -mankhwala osakaniza.
Ntchito yachipatala
Chibale cha variegated "nettle" -coleus forskolia kunyumba, ku India ndi ku Indonesia, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonetsera mphamvu ya metabolism. Wokonzekera ku mizu ya chomera ichiForskolinomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mongawothandizira komanso kulemera kwa thupi - kuphatikizapo kumanga thupi.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a kolera ku Tibet ndi gawo la ndalama za chifuwa.
Thermophilic yotchedwa "nettle" yokongola masamba imakongoletsa zowoneka bwino zenera ndi malo otseguka. Masamba obiriwira pambalizimatulutsa phytoncideszomwe zimawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo timachiritsa mwakachetechete mpweya wa zipinda zokongoletsedwa ndi nyongolotsi.
