Pansi pa chilengedwe, mitundu yakale iyi ya ficus, inapanga zambiri Zaka 41 miliyoni zapitazoimakula kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa Australia ndipo imakula kukula kwakukulu - mpaka mamita 60 mmwamba.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapiri ndi malo otchedwa parkings ku Australia, New Zealand, California, Italy ndi Portugal, ndipo imafuna malo akulu, chifukwa mizu yake (mpweya ndi pansi) imaphimba malo ambiri.
M'chikhalidwe cha chipinda chachikulu chimachotsedwa ficus m'malo modzichepetsa ndipo kusamalira kunyumba sikungakhale ndi vuto lina lililonse, kupatula kufunika kosalekeza ndikulepheretsa kukula.
Kusamalira kwanu
Kuunikira
Kuwala kowala kumafunika. Yabwino kwambiri idzakhala kuwala, komwe kumapatsa madiwindo akuyang'ana kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kum'mwera kapena kum'mwera chakumadzulo.
Zothandiza "tchuthi cha chilimwe" kunja kwa khonde kapena malo okhala ndi chitetezo choyenera kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha.
Kutentha
Yabwino m'chilimwe kutentha osiyanasiyana - kuyambira madigiri 20 mpaka 25; nyengo yozizira sayenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 15.
ZOCHITA: Ndondomeko yosatsutsika, komanso kusintha kwafupipafupi.
Ground
Gawo labwino la nthaka liyenera kukhala lokhazikika kapena losaloŵerera, lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi.
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzekera kwa ficuses, kapena kusakaniza magawo awiri a sod ndi nthaka yothira ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wouma.
Limbikitsani ndi izi:
- nthaka, masamba, peaty nthaka ndi mchenga;
- Zosakaniza zonse zofanana.
Kubzala ndi kuziika
Chidebe chobzala chingakhale cha mawonekedwe oyenera: (kukula kwakukulu kuli pakati pa kotala ndi theka la kutalika kwa chomera), ndi dzenje loyenera.
Popeza kuchepa kwa madzi kumakhala kosavomerezeka kwambiri, ndipo kumayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu, ndi bwino kusankha zinthu zam'madzi zowonjezera - zitsulo zopanda zitsulo zopanda madzi.
Pansi pa chidebecho mulidi wosanjikiza wa miyala yaing'ono kapena dothi lochepetsedwa.
Mukamabzala, nthaka ikadzaza, mukamadzaza mitsempha pakati pa mizu, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chisamalike muzu wa muzu. ziyenera kukhala zonyansa ndi nthaka.
Ngati chomeracho ndi chachikulu, amafunika kusamalira thandizo pa thunthu lake.
Mutabzala ficus ayenera kuthiriridwa.
Young zomera amaikidwa chaka chilichonse mu kasupe. kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndi zitsanzo zazikulu zaka zingapo., ndipo chizindikiro cha kuikiranso ndikutsegula kwathunthu kwa dziko lapansi ndi mizu yake. Kenaka chomeracho chimasamutsira mphika watsopano, kusunga chipinda chadothi.
ZOCHITA: Pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa mtengo waukuluwu, sizingawidwe m'miphika yayikulu yosafunika: nkhuyu zazing'ono, kukula kwa mphika watsopano ayenera kukhala 2 cm kuposa wamkulu, ndi okhwima - masentimita 6.
Mitengo yayikulu ya anthu akuluakulu siidasindikizidwa, kumangokhala m'malo osanjikiza a dziko lapansi.
Pambuyo pa kugula, mulimonsemo, chomeracho sichimaikidwa pomwepo, kupereka nthawi (kuchokera masabata awiri) kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi zinthu zatsopano.
Langizo: Ngati "nyumba yatsopano" yanu yafika pamphika yopangira zowonongeka ndi dothi lapadera, muyenera kuliyika mu chidebe choyenera ndi nthaka yosakaniza.
Kuthirira
Madzi mu chilimwe, monga lamulo kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata Osungunuka bwino, ofewa, osati madzi ozizira, kupeŵa chinyezi chokhazikika.
Kuthira madzi okwanira omwe akupezeka mu poto, nthawi yomweyo amathira.
Kuthamanga kwa nyengo yozizira kumachokera ku mlungu uliwonse kufikira kawiri pa mwezi: kumakhala kozizira m'nyengo yozizira, kuchepa kawirikawiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi mvula yambiri ya mlengalenga, mofanana ndi momwe zinthuzi zimakulira m'chilengedwe.
M'nyengo yozizira, kupopera mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi otentha kutentha ndi kovomerezeka.
Masamba a mlungu ndi mlungu akupukutidwa ndi phula lofewa.
M'nyengo yozizira, ngati mpweya sumauma, kupopera mbewu kungapangidwe ndi mvula yowonongeka.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka nthawi ya autumn, kawiri pa mwezi, feteleza imapangidwanso mosiyana ndi mchere ndi makompyuta, pamene imapatsa mkulu wa nayitrogeni wokhutira.
Ndikofunikira: Mankhwala a feteleza sayenera kugwera pa masamba ndi masamba.
Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofunda, kudyetsa sikuyimidwa.
Ndizizizira komanso zozizira m'nyengo yozizira amadya nthawi zambiri.
Kukula ndi kudulira
Ficus yaikulu imakula mofulumira ndipo ngati simungathe kuchepetsa kudulira, mungayambe kudutsa padenga.
Kuyenera kudulira pachaka, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kukula kwake kwa chomera, kumayambitsa nthambi ndi kupanga korona wokongola.
Chitani ntchitoyi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe.
Pofuna kudulira mphukira zowonongeka, zigawo zoongoka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa mphukira, komanso zowonjezera, oblique.
Pa ficuses, zomwe zili m'malo osungunuka, mizu ya mpweya imapangidwa.
Sizimachotsedwa, koma pamene zikukula zimayendetsedwa ku nthaka.
Chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka ndi kuphulika kwachitsulo atatha kudulira, chimphona ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri popanga mitengo yochititsa chidwi ya bonsai - osati yaikulu kwambiri, osachepera mita.
Pankhaniyi, mafelemu osinthika osinthika, mawonekedwe ochepetsera, ndi machitidwe opatsirana akugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndili ndi zaka, makungwa a ficus aakulu amatuluka mdima.
Kodi mungayambitse bwanji ficus yaikulu?
Ficus amachulukitsa vegetatively - cuttings ndi kuika mlengalenga.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Gwiritsani ntchito kasupe ndi chilimwe cuttings: apical kutalika 10-15cmndipo tsinde ndi masamba angapo.
Sambani madzi a mandimu omwe amaonekera pa magawo.
Masamba a m'munsi amachotsedwa, ndipo ena onse atakulungidwa mu chubu cholimba kwambiri ndipo amakhazikika mu dziko lino kuti athe kuchepetsa mpweya pamphuno pa tsamba.
Mungagwiritse ntchito pulasitala yoyamba-rooting m'madzi kapena mwamsanga muwabzala mu nthaka yochepa.
Anabzala cuttings abzalidwa m'nthaka gawo limodzi lofanana la perlite, kapena mchenga wonyezimira ndi peat, wokutidwa ndi pulasitiki.
Mukhale ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 22-24mpweya ndi kusungunula.
Pambuyo popanga mizu ndi kutuluka kwa mphukira zatsopano (pafupifupi mwezi umodzi), timadontho timadzalidwa m'magawo osiyana ndi nthaka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ficus.
Kubalanso ndi mawonekedwe a mpweya
Nyengo isanayambe, kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, pamapeto a nyengo yozizira, pamtunda wofiira kapena pamphepete mwawombankhanga iwo amapanga chitsulo, pindikizani dera lino ndi wether sphagnum, yikani ndi filimu ya pulasitiki ndikuikonze.
Moss ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse yonyowa.
Mu mwezi, monga lamulo, mizu ikuphukira kupyolera mwa sphagnum kuonekera.
Kenaka, kulekanitsa pamwamba pa mphukira, pamodzi ndi sphagnum ndi mizu yomwe imayambitsa, amaimika mu mphika ndi nthaka yosakaniza.
Zizindikiro za vuto
Masamba amagwa - Chotsatira cha kusayera kokwanira, zojambula, kusintha kwafupipafupi, komanso kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kupitirira.
Ndikofunika kupereka chisamaliro choyenera.
Zomwezo zikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu specimen yatsopano yomwe idagwidwa ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu m'ndende.
Nsonga za masamba zinasanduka bulauni ndi zouma - mpweya mu chipinda ndi wouma kwambiri.
Kupopera mbewu kumafunika.
Masamba amatembenukira chikasu - izi ndi zotsatira za zifukwa zingapo:
- pamwamba pa umuna. Amachotsedwa ndi kuthirira madzi ambiri, kenako kuvala sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyezi iwiri;
- kuchepa kwa mchere wambiri chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira ndi madzi ouma. Pachifukwa ichi, kuika ndi kubwezeretsa nthaka ndikofunikira;
- mphika waukulu kwambiri. Muyenera kutumiza ku chidebe chaching'ono;
- kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Chotsani malo owonongeka a mizu ndikuyika chomera ku nthaka yatsopano.
Ngati ndondomeko yayenda kutali, mukhoza kuyesa ndikudula masamba, ndi kuchotsa mbewu zonse.
Kukula pang'ono - kumachitika chifukwa chosoŵa kuwala, kudyetsa, kapenanso choponderezeka.
Ndikofunika kukonzanso zikhalidwe za ndende, kuti mupatse mphamvu zambiri.
Chithunzi
Mu chithunzi ficus chachikulu-leaved:
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zolakwika za kusamalira, pamwamba pa zonse, madzi ochulukirapo komanso mpweya wozizira kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu, kumapangitsa kuti zomera zisachepetse komanso kugonjetsedwa kwa matendawa.
Pachifukwa ichi, mukuyenera kukwanirira kuthirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwala, kutentha ndi ndondomeko ya ficus fungicides.
Ficus ikhoza kugonjetsa mealybug, kangaude wa kangaude, ndi scalefish.
Kupewa "alendo" amenewa ndiko kusamba kwa masamba nthawi zonse, koma ngati tizilombo timayambira, timakhala tizilombo tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pulotoni yosakaniza mowa kapena mankhwala ndi sopo.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Chomerachi chimatha kutenga formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene ndi zina zosavulaza zochokera mumlengalenga.
ZOCHITA: Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la latex ali ndi dontho la madzi ofewa pakhungu lawo lomwe limayambitsa mkwiyo.
Ficus yayikulu mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda, zimafuna malo akuluakulu, owala, osakhala odzichepetsa komanso okongoletsa kwambiri mkati - makamaka ngati ili ndi korona yabwino.
