Anthurium - yosatha, chobiriwira, chomera, kuchokera ku banja la Aroids (Aronnikovye).
Pansi pa chilengedwe, imakula m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha ndi madera otentha a Central ndi South America, Paraguay, Argentina. Dzinali liri ndi mau awiri achi Greek akuti "maluwa" ndi "mchira."
Mtundu wa Anthurium uli ndi mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, imodzi mwayo ndi Anthurium Scherzer, yomwe imayambira pa mitundu makumi anai ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Kugawidwa ku Guatemala ndi pachilumba cha Costa Rica.
Kufotokozera
Anthurium ya Scherzer imasiyanitsidwa ndi zotsatira zake zokongoletsera: chowala chalanje chophimba ndipo chophimba chatsekedwa pamtima chimasiyanitsa ndi mtundu.
Tsinde la Anthurium lalifupi, osachepera 15 cm, wakuda, pafupifupi masentimita awiri m'mimba mwake, wobiriwira.
Masamba achilendo ndi mapeto omveka, kutalika kufika pa masentimita 26, ndi m'lifupi - 6 masentimita. Petioles nthawi zonse amakhala achidule kuposa masamba. Nthambiyi ndi yowopsya, yofalitsa kumbali zonse ziwiri, yakuda.
Pa peduncle, nthawizina kukula mpaka 50 cm ndi inflorescence imapangidwa, yomwe imakhala yochepetsetsa, yoonda kwambiri, yokhala ndi mpweya wofiira wa mtundu wa lalanje pafupifupi 8 masentimita m'litali. Chophimbacho, pafupi ndi inflorescence, ndi chakuda, chophimba, chozungulira, chozungulira, chowala chalanje. Anthurium imamasula motero kwa miyezi itatu. Maluwa amawoneka ngati fungo lokoma.
Tsinde limakhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono zofiira ndi lalanje, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi mbeu zitatu.
Mzuwu ndi waufupi, uli ndi mizu yambiri yoonda.
Kunyumba kwa Anthurium Scherzer
Kutentha
Anthurium - wokhala kumadera otentha, chotero, amasankha kutentha. Zokwanira kwa kasupe ndi chilimwe - 22-25 madigiri. M'dzinja - m'nyengo yozizira nthawi ya kutentha imayenera kukhala m'munsi - madigiri 15-17. Izi zidzathandiza kuti budding.
Kuwala
Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala kowala koma kosiyana. Kwa nthawi yaitali zikhoza kukhala penumbra, ndipo kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhala koopsa kwa izo.
Ndi kupanda kuwala sikuphulika. Pansi pa dzuwa lotentha maluwa amauma. Simungathe kusunga mphika ndi Anthurium polemba - sangathe kupirira.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Anthurium ndi yabwino kukula pa chinyezi chapamwambachimene sichivomerezeka kwa anthu. Pafupi ndi chomeracho mungathe kuyika kowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, kasupe wokongoletsera. Sambani masamba kangapo patsiku pamalo owuma ndi nsalu yonyowa. Ndikofunika kupopera mosamala, popanda kufika pa khola.
Kuthirira
Maluwa okonda chinyezi ayenera kuthiriridwa masiku atatu aliwonse ndi madzi ofunda ndi otsika mtengo wa acidity. Nthawi yozizira - mu masabata 3-4. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, koma moyenera. Madzi osasinthasintha, komanso kusokonekera kwake, akhoza kuwononga Anthurium.
Ground
Dothi la duwa liyenera kukhala losavuta pang'ono, losavuta kuzimitsa mpweya ndikuyamwa chinyezi. Komabe, ziyenera kuuma bwino. Kwa iye atenge mtedza, peat ndi akanadulidwa moss, wothira ndi kutsanulira mu mphika, yomwe ndi 1/3 yodzazidwa ndi madzi. Nthawi zina mmalo mwa moss mumakhala mchenga wambiri kapena miyala yabwino.
Kubzala ndi kuziika
Kugula Anthurium, muyenera kulima masiku angapo. Zonsezi zimachitika mosamala kwambiri, osayesa kuwononga mizu yovuta.
Mizu iyenera kukhala yabwino kuti ikule, koma malo omasuka mu nthawi yocheperako maluwa, chifukwa Kukula kwakukulu kwa mtundu wobiriwira kumayambira.
Zaka 4 zoyambirira za moyo maluwa ayenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse mumasika kapena chilimwe. Mitengo yakale imayikidwa pambuyo pa zaka 3-4 kusintha nthaka yatha kapena mu chidebe chachikulu.
Feteleza
Pofuna kudyetsa muyenera kugula organic ndi mineral feteleza m'sitolo. Ayenera kusinthana pakati pawo, kubweretsa yankho m'nthaka m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe milungu itatu iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera sizinali zofunikira kuti zimere.
Kuswana
Mungathe kuchulukitsa Antorium mwa kugawa kusonkhanitsa kapena mbewu.
Pakuti kudula ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe, kudula kumasiyanitsidwa ndi pamwamba pa chomeracho 2-3 masamba kapena mbali kuwombera, yomwe ili ndi mizu yaing'ono. Phesiyo iyenera kuikidwa m'madzi, yomwe imayenera kulowedwa nthawi zonse. Mizu yokhazikika mu vermiculite. Mphukira mizu yabzalidwa miphika yosiyana.
Sungani duwa masika. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani chomeracho mu mphika, kumasula mizu kuchokera pansi ndikugawanitsa m'magawo angapo. Gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi masamba ndi mizu. Ayenera kuikidwa mosiyana. Nthawi yoyamba apo palibe kusowa kwa kuthirira kwambiri.
Mbewukucha chipatso, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chodzala zomera zatsopano. Pochita izi, amayamba kutetezedwa mwachangu mu njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate, kenaka amaikidwa mu nthaka yokonzeka. Asanayambe kuoneka miyezi ingapo idutsa. Ayenera kukhala pansi, ndipo pamene masamba 5-7 akuwonekera, ayenera kubzalidwa m'malo osatha.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Anthurium imakhudzidwa matenda a fungal kapena tizirombo.
Grey kuvunda angayambe chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Pa ziwalo za mbewuyo zikuwoneka kuti akuthawa imvi. Muyenera kusiya kuthirira mpaka nthaka ikuphika, kenako ikani maluwa kumalo atsopano.
Ndi kutsika kwambiri kwa chinyezi kapena kukhalapo kwazithunzi zapakhomo, masamba ozungulira ndi owuma. Pankhaniyi, chinyezi chiyenera kuwonjezeka, kuchotsa mbali zowonongeka.
Matenda owopsa ndi Anthracnose. Amasamutsidwa kuchokera ku chimera kupita ku thanzi labwino kapena amagwera pamadzi ndi madzi kuti amwe madzi. Masamba amayamba kuyuma kuzungulira m'mphepete mwake, kenako nkufa.
Ngati chomeracho sichichiritsidwe, chidzafa.
Kwa processing ntchito fungicides.
Pamene tizirombo tiwoneka, zizindikiro zimayambira pa chomera. Masamba ali ndi makwinya ndi ma chikasu akuwoneka, omwe amatanthauza kuti aphid ikubala. Mealybugs amasiya mabowo m'masamba. Mphutsi ndi akuluakulu a tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatulutsa chikasu.
Chotsani zowonongeka masamba, mphukira ndi inflorescences ndikupanga maluwa ndi tizirombo.
Anthurium Scherzer ndi yokongola kwambiri panthawi ya maluwa. Kusamalira chomera kumadzichepetsa. Ngati mutatsatira malangizowo pokulitsa, idzayamika mwiniwakeyo chifukwa cha mphamvu yake.
Chithunzi
Kenako mudzawona chithunzi cha Anthurium Scherzer:
