Kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha - njira yabwino bizinesi kwa olima wamaluwa odziwa bwino ntchito. Mwa kusankha mitundu yoyenera ndikugulitsa zida, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zabwino. kukolola kangapo pachaka.
Kufunsira pa tomato wapamwamba ali pamwamba, angaperekedwe ku maunyolo ogulitsira malonda, ndikugulitsanso malonda awo pamsika.
Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
Nthaŵi zambiri ziwembu zapadera zimakhazikitsa malo otentha a chilimwe kapena greenhouses. Iwo ali oyenera kuteteza zomera pa chisanu, imathandizira fruiting, amakulolani kuti mukhale ndi thermophilic mitundu. Nyumba zoterezi zimatha kumangidwa pazitsulo zamatabwa kapena zitsulo. Kowonjezera kutentha kumafuna kukonzanso pachaka, koma ndi zotsika mtengo mokwanira. Ndizoyenera zokhazokha zokhazokha m'nthaka.
Kulima phwetekere chaka chonse akusowa nyumba zomangamangaali ndi dongosolo lotentha. Zithunzi zoterezi zimamangidwa pazitsulo zamphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zokhazikika. Galasi kapena polycarbonate amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuvala.
Zomalizazi ndizoyenera kugwilitsila nsalu zobiriwira, mapepala amatha kupindika ndi kudula popanda mantha. M'madera ozizira ozizira ma glazing awiri akulimbikitsidwa. Mlengalenga pakati pa zigawo za galasi kapena polycarbonate imapanga thermos effect, yomwe imachepetsa Kutentha ndalama.
Kwa kulima kwa chaka chonse kuli kosavuta kusiyana ndi wowonjezera kutentha ndi denga lakuya. Ukulu kumasiyana kuyambira mamita 100 kufika 500 lalikulu. m. Malo ogulitsa zitsamba ndi aakulu kwambiri, kukula kwawo ndi pafupifupi mamita 1,1 square. m
Maofesiwa amatanthauza kulima ndi teknoloji yosungira, mwa njira ya hydroponic kapena aeroponic. Chosowa chachikulu cha tomato chinakula mu njira yothetsera michere - kuyamwa madzi akudziwika ndi kusowa kwa fungo labwino.
Kutentha kwapadera kwa tomato kuyenera kukhala kokwanira. Mpanda wakumpoto ukhoza kuikidwa ndi miyala ya slag kapena matabwa. Khoma lopanda kanthu lidzateteza kutsika kwa mphepo ndi kuthandiza kutentha. Mapangidwe opangidwa ndi denga lotsetsereka, pomwe chisanu sichichedwa.
Zochita ndi malonda a bizinesi
Kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kuli madalitso ambiri. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- kufunika kwa tomato, kuwonjezeka nyengo yachisanu-yozizira;
- Malo obiriwira otentha angathe kutenga zokolola zingapo pachaka;
- Pali mitundu yambiri yokonzedweratu yowonjezera zomera;
- tomato kusungidwa kokwanirazomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka;
- Mbewu zokolola zimagulitsidwa payekha, kudzera m'magulitsidwe ogulitsa pamsika kapena pa intaneti, komanso kugulitsidwa kudzera mu unyolo wamalonda, ogulitsa chakudya ndi ogulitsa ambiri.
Ngakhale mwayi wabwino kwa amalonda, bizinesi ili ndi zovuta zina.
Mwa zina zofunika kwambiri ndi izi:
- Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira;
- kulima tomato mu mafakitale ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokula mmera;
- kuti agwire ntchito ndi malonda Kulembetsa kwa bungwe lalamulo n'kofunika ndi kupeza chiphaso chowona zanyama za mankhwala;
- m'chilimwe, mpikisano wochokera kwa alimi a tomato akukula kumunda ukuwonjezeka.
Kusankha kalasi yoyenera
Mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndibwino kuti ukhale ndi hybrids zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Ndi bwino kusankha maluwa akuluakulu. Pa chitsamba choterocho Zipatso zambiri zipsa nthawi yomweyozomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito za greenhouses zikhale bwino. Tchire tating'ono tingathe kuphatikizidwa ndi zing'onozing'ono, tomwe tikubzala pozungulira. Kukonzekera koteroko kudzalola kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri malo osachepera.
Malo otsekedwa oyenera onse oyambirira ndi ochedwa mitundu. Pakatikatikatikati, palibe chovomerezeka kuti mubzala makamaka mtundu wokoma wosakanizidwa wa kusankhidwa kummwera, iwo ali ochepetsetsa kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo angakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo.
Akatswiri amalangiza kusankha osakanizidwaZaperekedwa kwa dera linalake. Zambiri zatsimikiziridwa mitundu Russian kuswana, komanso tomato American, Dutch ndi Polish.
Kusankha mitundu yabwino, muyenera kuganizira:
- Pereka. Mitundu yambiri idzawonjezera kwambiri ndalama.
- Nthawi yakucha kucha. Kutsirizira nyengo yokula, bizinesi yopindulitsa kwambiri.
- Matenda oteteza matenda. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya hybrids siimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo ndipo sitikufuna nthawi zonse mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Zosangalatsa za tomato. Ogulitsa amakonda zipatso zamtundu wokoma ndi zonunkhira bwino ndipo amazitcha kuti fungo.
- Kukula kwa zipatso ndi mtundu. Amakono omwe amafunidwa kwambiri ndi tomato wapakatikati okhala ndi zofiira, zofiira kapena zachikasu.
- Ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu ndi zipatso zomwe zimalekerera kusungirako ndi kuyenda.
Pakati pa otchuka kwambiri, ndizotheka kuzindikira mafakitale osiyanasiyana a tomato kwa greenhouses:
- Mitengo yam'mbuyo ndi yamkatikati: Mphatso, Aksinya, Cherry, Yevpator, Kostroma. Palenka.
- Nkhumba zowonjezera nyengo yakukula: Verlioka, Rhapsody, Caspar, Sprinter, Study, Farmer.
- Zipatso zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukoma: uchi wopulumutsidwa, uchi wa pinki, Orange King, Asteroid, Dame, Ballerina.
Mutasankha kalasi yoyenerera, m'pofunikanso kuyang'anitsitsa. Kulima kulima kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha osayendetsa kuyesera, ndi kuonjezera zokolola. Ochita kawirikawiri amakula mopitirira kuposa 2-3 mitundu ya tomato pa nthawi.
Zowonjezera kutentha
Muzitsamba zing'onozing'ono zamasamba ndi bwino kukula tomato pansi. Kukoma kwawo kuli kokwera kwambiri, komwe kukulolani kuti mugulitse mankhwala ndi malire abwino.
Wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi dongosolo la mpweya wabwino ndi ulimi wothirira. Tomato amazindikira kuti madzi akumwa, koma samakonda madzi omwe amapezeka m'nthaka. Pa kutentha, shading amafunika ndi kuthandizidwa ndi nsalu zapadera zomwe zimatsekera kumwera kwa wowonjezera kutentha.
Kutentha kumakhala kosiyana. Malo ogulitsa mafakitale Wotenthedwa ndi zotentha zowonjezera ndipo mapaipi anayala pansi. Nyumba zaulimi zimatha kutenthedwa ndi zotentha, zitofu, komanso zamoto. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ochokera ku chisakanizo cha manyowa ndi udzu wovunda kudzathandizanso.
Kuti asunge ma microclimate m'nyengo yozizira, matanthwe otseguka ndi mullein olekanitsidwa amaikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kutuluka kwa mpweya kumayambitsa ndondomeko ya photosynthesis, yofunikira pa zabwino fruiting.
Tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha amafunika nthaka yowala, yowonjezera, imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawizonse yovuta mchere. Kupaka pamwamba kuchokera kusakaniza kwa superphosphate, potashi mchere ndi ammonium nitrate amalipira milungu iwiri iliyonse. Kuperewera kwa zakudya kumachepetsa mapangidwe a mazira ndi zipatso za zipatso.
Momwe mungawerengere phindu?
Musanayambe kukula tomato, Ndikofunika kupanga ndondomeko yamalonda. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuwerengera bwino phindu la bizinesi yamtsogolo komanso kulingalira molondola zonse zomwe zikubwera. Kwazo zikuphatikizapo:
- kugulitsa kapena kugula malo;
- zomangamanga ndi zipangizo za wowonjezera kutentha;
- kugula mbewu kapena mbande;
- kugula feteleza ndi zipangizo zaulimi;
- Kulembetsa bungwe lalamulo ndi kulembetsa ziphatso za katundu;
- kayendetsedwe ka zinthu zotsirizidwa mpaka kugulitsa.
Video yothandiza:
Phindu limadalira malonda ndi kukhazikitsa. Njira yopindula kwambiri - kugulitsa tomato kupyolera mu unyolo wamalonda kapena catering.
Zopanda malire zingaperekedwe kuti zisinthidwe (kupanga sauces, pastes, juices).
Zambiri zimadalira nthawi ya malonda. M'nyengo yozizira, msinkhu ukuwonjezeka ndi 1.5-2 nthawi. Izi ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wogulitsa. Asanayambe kulima nyengo yozizira, amafunika kufufuza mtengo wa Kutentha.
M'madera ozizira kwambiri, mtengo wapatali wa magetsi ukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri phindu. Alimi ambiri amakonda kukulitsa tomato mpaka November, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amaimitsa kupanga.
Zimalingalira ndi ochita malonda phindu la bizinesi pa kulima mafakitale a tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kumasiyana kuyambira 50 mpaka 70%.
Pazaka zowopsya, zikhoza kuwonjezeka, panthawi ya mpikisano waukulu kuchokera ku minda ya kumudzi - kuchepa. Kuwonjezera phindu kudzakuthandizira kufalikira kwa malo opangira zomera komanso zogawa.
Zomera zina zotchuka za bizinesi yotentha, zomwe mungathe kuzipeza mwatsatanetsatane pa webusaiti yathu: zipatso, maluwa, amadyera, nkhaka ndi masamba ena.
Kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ngati bizinesi sikumangogwedeza, ndikofunika kuwerengera bwinobwino ndalamazo ndi phindu la mtsogolo. Mukhoza kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka. Zidzathandiza kukopa ngongole ndi ndalama zomwe zingatheke panthawi yolembetsa bungwe lalamulo.
