Chifukwa chiyani masamba amatembenukira chikasu pamimba maluwa - choti achite

Aliyense wamaluwa omwe amakula maluwa mkati, amafuna mbewu zabwino, zokondweretsa ndi maluwa opaka bwino. Tsoka ilo, sizotheka nthawi zonse kukhala zapamwamba zapakhomo, zomwe zimadziwika ndi masamba obiriwira osiyanasiyana komanso kukula msanga. Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amakumana ndi vuto la chikasu cha masamba. Kodi nchiyani chomwe chingapangitse kuti mavutowo abuke komanso momwe mungathane ndi vutoli? Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha unyinji wobiriwira komanso njira zazikulu zowongolera zafotokozedwera pansipa.

Popeza achidziwitso, olima maluwa nthawi zambiri amadabwa chifukwa chake masamba a maluwa amkati amatembenukira chikasu, chochita pamenepa. Kupaka utoto wobiriwira wamkati wamkati sikungosangalatsa, komanso koopsa. Chizindikiro chofananacho chikhoza kuwonetsa kukula kwa matendawa kapena kutengera kwa tizirombo, komwe kungayambitse imfa ya chikhalidwe chokongoletsa. Pansipa pali zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masamba awonekere.

Yellowness pa maluwa

Mpweya wouma

Vuto la mpweya wouma limakonda kupezeka nthawi yozizira, pomwe njira yotenthetsera imayambitsidwa m'nyumba. Miphika yamaluwa yoyikidwa pafupi ndi batri imatha kukhudzidwa ndi mpweya wouma. Kukula kwam'chipinda chaching'ono m'chipindachi kumakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi kukula kwa mitundu. Kuti muthane ndi vuto losasangalatsa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zonyowa nyengo yachisanu. Komanso kupukutidwa mwadongosolo kwa maluwa obiriwira kukhala njira yothetsera vuto. Zomera zodzazidwa ndi madzi ozizira zimayikidwa pafupi ndi miphika ndi mbewu.

Chinyezi chochepa

Vuto lofananalo nthawi zambiri limabweretsa kufa kwa maluwa. Chinyezi chotsika chimakhala chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri kwa mbewu zotentha zomwe zimafuna chinyezi chambiri. Kuti athane ndi izi, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chinyontho kapena kuyika miphika ndi mbewu pa dongo / dothi lonyowa.

Kupanda kuyatsa

Chomera chilichonse chimafunikira dzuwa. Kupanda kuyatsa kumakhudzanso mawonekedwe a chikhalidwe chokongoletsera: kukula kumachepa, ndipo masamba amayamba kupindika. Mukazindikira vuto, ndikofunikira kusamutsira maluwa m'malo owala bwino mchipindacho munthawi yake.

Koma kuyatsa kuyenera kuyatsidwa, chifukwa ngakhale ndi zochulukirapo, maluwa amatha kuvutika. Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumakwiyitsa chikaso chobiriwira. Ndikofunikira kuyika miphika m'malo omwe dzuwa lowongoka silingathe kulowa. Komabe, osayika zotengera pakona yakuda ya nyumbayo. Ngati mulibe malo oti maluwa angakhazikikemo, mutha kuyalowetsa mbewuzo ndi masamba obisika, zomwe zingathandize kuti dzuwa lisalowemo.

Kuperewera kwa feteleza ndi michere munthaka

Kusintha kuchuluka kwa feteleza m'nthaka, mutha:

• pangani zovala zofunika;
• Tumizani maluwa kukhala dothi labwino.

Mukaziika, mizu ya maluwa imatsukidwa bwino ndi dongo.

Chikwangwani chachikasu pazomera

Matenda opatsirana komanso tizirombo

Masamba azomera zamkati amatembenukira chikasu, ndingatani ngati kuwala ndi feteleza ndizabwinobwino? Poyerekeza ndi chinyezi m'nthaka, matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amachititsa chikasu cha masamba amatha. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kowopsa, olima odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa:

• Konzani boma loyenerera kuthirira;
• pangani nthawi yake ndipo osakuwonongerani chovala chapamwamba;
• kukula mbewu mosamalitsa kutentha kwa chipinda.

Kuti muthane ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, ndikofunikira kuti maluwa apakhomo azichitira ndi fungicides yogwira. Maluwa omwe amakhudzidwa amasamukira kuchipinda china. Ma fungicides abwino kwambiri othandiza kuthana ndi matenda a fungal ndi:

• trichodermin;
• agate;
• mtengo wa mkuyu;
• chotsa;
• phytosporin;
• dzinair;
• Bordeaux madzi.

Zomera

Nthawi zambiri osadziwa zambiri, wamaluwa amadzifunsa kuti bwanji maluwa mkati mwake amasanduka achikaso. Mbewu zikagwidwa ndi tizirombo, maonekedwe ake amasintha: masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikufota, maluwa atha kusiya. Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kupita kuchipinda china posachedwa. Masamba amapukutidwa ndi yankho la sopo, ndipo chinyezi cha mpweya chimakwera pogwiritsa ntchito chinyontho. Kenako muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe aperekedwa pansipa.

Ngati duwa linagwidwa ndi tizilombo wokhala m'nthaka, ndikofunikira kuti tizitha kumuyika mumiphika yomwe kale idatetezedwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchotsa dothi m'malo onse.

Nthawi zambiri, masamba achikasu amawonetsa momwe mbewuzo zimagwirira ntchito. Kuphimba thupi la kachilombo ndi chishango kumathetsa nkhondo yolimbana nayo. Kuti muyeretse tiziromboti, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bulashi lomwe linapangidwa ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Njira yothirira mowa ndi kuwonjezera pa sopo ingathandize kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ngati nkhanambo. Pokonzekera yankho mudzayenera kuphatikiza:

• 20 g wa sopo (madzi);
• mowa woledzera - 15 ml;
• 1200 ml ya madzi otentha pang'ono.

Kugwiritsa ntchito burashi wamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito yankho mwachindunji ku tizilombo aliyense. Ngati mukufuna kupopera maluwa onse, ndi bwino kuyang'ana tsamba limodzi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumuviika mu yankho ndikatha mphindi 20. yang'anira mkhalidwe wake. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe kuti muchepetse majeremusi. Ndikofunika kukhazikika pazithandizo za adyo.

Kufunika kowunika mwadongosolo kwamaluwa akunyumba

Zivuto zazikulu za maluwa ndi tizirombo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsatirawa:

• Actellik. Mbale umodzi amapukutidwa mu 1000 ml ya madzi. Chifukwa njira ayenera kuchita zambiri mankhwala a mbewu. Pa mamilimita aliwonse obzala, 200 ml ya madzi ndi yofunika. Chiwerengero cha chithandizo sichiyenera kupitilira kanayi. Nthawi yolimbikitsidwa pakati pa mankhwala ndi masiku anayi;
• phosbecide. Ndikofunika kuti mupange miphika ya maluwa kunja nthawi yayitali yothandizidwayo. Kwa malita awiri aliwonse a madzi, 4 ml ya mankhwalawa adzafunika;
• m'malo omwe majeremusi adakumana ndi maluwa otsika, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la Actar kuti inyowetse nthaka. Chomera chachilengedwe chomwechi chimatha kulowa chomera kudzera muzu, ndipo kwakanthawi kochepa, chimapanga chilichonse chamoyo chamlengalenga kuti chitha kuzilala. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kutsuka bwino zenera kapena mashelufu pomwe maluwa adayimilira. Mafinya a Window amafunikanso kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi oyera.

Popewa kuwoneka ngati zishango paz masamba, tiyenera kusiya kuyikidwa kokhazikika kwa maluwa ndi maluwa, kuthirira kambiri komanso malo omata kwambiri.

Bacteria ndi matenda opatsirana

Mavuto aliwonse obwera chifukwa cha mbewuyi amaphatikizidwa ndi chikasu cha masamba. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti choyambitsa chisokonezo chinali kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, ndibwino kupenda mosamala unyinji wobiriwira wazomera. Malo othira mafuta kumbuyo kwa masamba amawonetsa matenda omwe amakhudza chikhalidwe chokongoletsa. Kuphatikiza apo, zophuka zimatha kuwoneka pazinde ndi mizu. Njira zilizonse zolimbana ndi mankhwala sizikhala zopanda mphamvu panthawiyi.

Popewa kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus, ndikokwanira kuthana ndi ma veter, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala opindika ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, munthawi yake. Makamaka nthawi zambiri aphid amakhudza maluwa ndi chisangalalo chachikazi.

Pansipa ndi njira zothandiza kwambiri zowongolera tizilombo toopsa. Pofuna kupewa, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtunduwu:

• acrobat (pa malita awiri aliwonse mudzafunika 8 g ya malonda);
• oxychoma (kwa malita angapo a madzi mumafunikira 4 g ya mankhwalawa);
• HOM (1 lita imodzi ya madzi - 4 g);
• Vitaros (pa malita atatu aliwonse amadzimadzi, 6 ml ya mankhwalawa).

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokonzedweratu, ndikofunikira kupopera mbewuzo katatu. Pakati pa njirayi iliyonse, kupumula kwa masiku 9-10 kuyenera kutengedwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu zimatha kukhala matenda

Ngati masamba olimba achikasu apezeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichotse zomera zodwala. Maluwa amkati amakonzedwa:

• 1% yankho la Bordeaux madzimadzi;
• oxhome;
• kapu;
• topazi;
• Quadris.

Chochita chomalizachi chimagulitsanso zitini ndipo chimapangidwira ntchito zaulimi. Komabe, odziwa zamaluwa adazindikira kugwira ntchito kwake pokonza mbewu zamkati (maluwa kapena mitengo).

Kufufuza kumachitika pakuganiza koyamba kwa matenda. Pakati pa njirayi muyenera kutenga masiku 8-9. Chiwerengero chotsimikizidwa cha njira ndi katatu.

Kusamalira bwino zomera zakunyumba, mutha kupewa kuchulukana kwa matenda ambiri ndikuchotsa kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe chokongoletsera ndi tizirombo. Akatswiri amalangiza mwadongosolo kuyang'ana kuoneka kwa malo obisika m'nyumba kuti muzindikire zoyamba posachedwa ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kupulumutsa maluwa.

Momwe mungasamalire maluwa kuti masamba asakhale achikasu

Wofesa aliyense amafuna mbewu yake kuti izioneka bwino komanso kukhala wathanzi kwathunthu. Popewa kukongoletsa masamba masamba obzala m'nyumba, muyenera kutsatira malangizo omwe alembedwa pansipa pokhudza kusamalira maluwa.

• Kusowa kwa zojambula mchipinda ndi njira yothandizira thanzi la maluwa. Chomera chake sichimasinthidwa ndi mphepo yokoka komanso kuyenda kwa mpweya. Nthawi zambiri pomwe msipu wobiriwira uyamba kutembenukira chikaso, ndipo pafupi ndi poto wa maluwa pamakhala zowongolera kapena zenera lotseguka, muyenera kuyang'ana malo atsopano achikhalidwe chokongoletsera.
• Kutentha. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha kumasokoneza thanzi la maluwa. Nthawi zambiri, chomera chimayamba kusanduka chikaso, ndipo masamba ake amagwa posachedwa. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ndikulimbikitsanso kukonza miphika m'chipinda chofunda momwe kutentha sikunatsikire pansi pa 10 ° C
• Ozizira pamalo. Zoterezi zimachitika nthawi zambiri nthawi yachisanu, pomwe olima maluwa amawayika zenera pazenera. Windo la ayezi, lomwe limakhudza unyinji wobiriwira wazomera, limalimbikitsa hypothermia masamba. Ichi chimakhala chifukwa cha chikasu cha masamba, masamba awo owonjezereka ndi kuwonongeka. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa timapepala todwala posachedwa, ndikusunthira mumphika kumalo ena otetezeka.

Kusamalira moyenera ndiye fungulo la chomera chathanzi

• Mitundu yolakwika ya chidebe. Mukamasankha chidebe chodzala maluwa, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti zotengera zopindika kwambiri zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chisamayende bwino, zomwe zingayambitse chikaso ndikufa masamba. Kuti mupewe vutoli, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mabowo otulutsa madzi ndikutola miphika yayikulu yoyenera.
• Kusankha dothi lodzala maluwa ndi njira yofunika kwambiri. Sikuti mbewu iliyonse imakhala ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi chilengedwe. Pazikhalidwe zokongoletsera, nthaka yapadera ifunika. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe zili pamutuwu ndikusankha mawonekedwe oyenera a nthaka omwe mumakonda a geranium, rose kapena ficus.
• Kukhazikika kwa zinthu zofunikira m'nthaka nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa chikasu cha masamba. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudyetsa nthawi yake ndikuwonetsetsa nthawi yayitali pakati pa feteleza. M'pofunika kuganizira kuti nthawi yochulukirapo feteleza, mizu ya maluwa imalandira kuwotchedwa kwamankhwala. Chomera pankhaniyi chimafa.

Yellow tsamba prophylaxis

Pansipa pali malangizo a akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa omwe angakuthandizeni kwambiri kupewa masamba achikasu.

• Musanayambe kunyowetsa nthaka, muyenera kudikirira mpaka dongo lake lithe. Izi sizimalola masamba kuti akhale achikaso.
• Kutalikirana kwa feteleza kumayenera kukhala mkati mwa malire omwe wopangawo akuwonetsa pakuyika feteleza.
• M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito phytolamp kuwunikira.
• M'nyengo yotentha, muyenera kuyatsa makina otentha.
• Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe chidebe choyenera.
• Maluwa amkati amayenera kufufuzidwa mwadongosolo kuti azindikire zoyamba za matendawa kapena umboni wa tiziromboti pamtengowo, ndipo nthawi zina amamuwaza mbewu zokongoletsera ndi tizirombo ndi fungicides.

Kuchiza pa nthawi yake kumathandiza kuthana ndi matenda aliwonse, zomwe zingapangitse kuti muthane ndi maluwa omwe mumakonda.