Hibiscus sudanese odziwika bwino monga Dziko la Sudan kapena rosella. M'mayiko akumadera otentha amakula ngati mbeu ya masamba, komanso gwero la zipangizo zokonzekera zakudya zokoma ndi tiyi yotchuka. Kunyumba, kukula kwa hibiscus ndi cholinga chopeza masamba a tiyi sikungatheke. Koma kuti azikongoletsa nyumba ndi maluwa a dziko lonse la Malaysia ndi okhoza ngakhale ngakhale alimi wamaluwa.
Kuwonekera ndi makhalidwe apamwamba
Chomeracho, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuti zisamangotengera zakudya za anthu okhala m'mayiko otentha, komanso kupereka zakudya zamakono ndi zodzoladzola, zipangizo za zingwe ndi mankhwala, ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kwambiri. Kunyumba, hibiscus ya Sudan ikhoza kufika mamita asanu. Kunyumba, makope oyamikira kwambiri a nthumwi ya Malvies akuwonjezeka kufika mamita awiri mu msinkhu. Kusamala kwakukulu:
- Mizu ya mizu Rosella, yomwe ndi yosakanikirana yomwe ndodo zazikulu ndi zachiwiri zilipo, komanso pali lobe yabwino kwambiri. Pokhapokha ngati zomerazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhudzana ndi mizu panthawi yopatsira, komanso kupewa nthawi yowonongeka ndi tizilombo toononga, ndiyo mizu yomwe imalola hibiscus kupirira zovuta.
- Masamba Maluwa a ku Sudan amakopeka ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Maonekedwe a masambawa amatsitsa. Khadi la pepala palokha liri serrate, makamaka losabala ndi lowala. Malo a petioles ndi ozolowereka, ndipo kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita khumi ndi asanu.
Masamba a Hibiscus sali obiriwira. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba omwe masamba ake ali osiyana siyana.
- Maluwa - kunyada kwakukuru kwa rosella. Chowala ndi chachikulu, ndi zotulutsa ziphuphu zomwe zinapangidwa pamwamba pa pamimba. Chidziŵitso cha maluwa a mitundu yonse ya maluwa a Sudan akhoza kuoneka poyang'ana pamphepete mwa maluwawo. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mphutsi okhwima. Maluwawo amamveka okongola, mosasamala kanthu kuti pamwamba pamakhala pamtunda kapena pamtunda.
- Hibiscus tsinde - yosalala. Villi palibe, ndipo mtundu wa makungwawo umasiyana ndi imvi mpaka bulauni, kapena ngakhale wakuda, pa zidutswa zakulira za thunthu. Mphamvu yapamwamba ya dziko la Sudan inakwera tsinde imathandizidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe ali mbali ya makungwa.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?
Hibiscus Sudanese duwa amaonedwa kuti ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri posamalira zinyama zomera. Pakuti kulima kwake sikofunikira kuchita khama lapadera, koma nkofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena.
Pokhapokha, Rosella adzasangalala masamba ofunika kwambiri ndi maluwa akuluakulu.
- Tikufika. Anagula mu sitolo, kapena akukula kuchokera ku cuttings kapena mbewu za chomera, chobzala mudothi wokonzedwa bwino. Mutha kugula izi, koma alimi odziwa bwino akukonzekera nthaka yokha. Kuti muzisakaniza dziko lapansi mudzafunikira tsamba ndi tchire, peat, mchenga. Pansi pa mbale zazikulu zimagwiritsa ntchito miyala yambiri yamtsinje kapena miyala yaing'ono.
Chomeracho chobzala popanda kulowera kozama ndi kuthirira mochuluka mutabzala.
- Ground chifukwa dziko la Sudan lidayenera kukhala, poyamba, wathanzi. Kuphatikiza pa mapangidwe apamwamba a dziko lapansi osakaniza, chisakanizo chokhala ndi sod ndi tsamba lapansi mu gawo limodzi, theka la gawo la nthaka ndi humus ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga wambiri umagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Peat imangowonjezera zomera zazing'ono. Ndikofunika kuti titenge monga momwe zinakhalira nthaka kapena masamba. Mitsinje ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku miyala, komanso kuchokera ku dongo lalikulu, zidutswa za njerwa zofiira kapena dothi.
- Kuwaza Sudan hibiscus imafuna chidwi chapadera. Choyamba chimakhudza mizu. Chomeracho chimaikidwa njira yothetserakuti asawononge mizu.
Nthaŵi yabwino ya chaka cha kusamutsidwa ndi nyengo Zitsulozi zimasankhidwa kotero kuti kukula kwa mphika watsopano ndi masentimita awiri kapena atatu oposa kukula kwake. Kukonzekera kwa chomera chomera chomera kumaphatikizapo kudula nthambi za gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwake.
Mafupipafupi a achinyamata a hibiscusosakwanitsa zaka zisanu - kamodzi pachaka. Zomera zazikulu kuyambira zaka zisanu kuikidwa osaposa kamodzi pa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Dziko la Sudan lomwe limakula likukula, silimatha kubzala, limachepetsa kusintha kwa nthaka.
- Kuthirira Sudan hibiscus ikuchitika muzolowera zofanana ndi nyengo yamakono. Chomeracho chimakonda chinyezi, choncho m'nyengo ya chilimwe nthaka imasungidwa mu dziko lonse la hydrated. M'nyengo yozizira, zinthu zimasintha. Kusamba kumakhala kosavuta, kopanda madzi kapena kumanika kwambiri nthaka. Kutentha kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kwambiri.
Kuwumitsa kawirikawiri kumapangitsa kuti hibiscus isagwe.
- Mofanana ndi zomera zambiri zokonda zinyontho, Sudanese yanyamuka imafunikira osati kuthirira bwino, komanso nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu. M'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chogwira ntchito yotenthetsera pakati, zimatha kuwonjezera chinyezi mothandizidwa ndi anthu osokoneza bongo. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kapena kumadera otentha kutentha m'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chochulukira ndipo nthawi zambiri chimatulutsidwa.
Nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumateteza chomera ku nsabwe za m'masamba!
- Feteleza ankachita nthawi zonse pambuyo wothirira madzi okwanira. Chomeracho chimadyetsedwa sabata iliyonse, pogwiritsa ntchito organic ndi mineral feteleza. Kuonjezera kukula kwa maluwa oyenera phosphate mankhwala. Nthaŵi yonseyi imapereka kuvala kamodzi pamwezi.
- Rosella amaikidwa bwino pawindo lowala, chifukwa zomera zimakonda kuwala. M'nyengo yozizira m'pofunika kukonzekera kuunikira kwina.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya M'chipinda chomwe kuli hibiscus ku Sudan, chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 25 m'chilimwe, pokhapokha pali mpweya wambiri, komanso osachepera madigiri 12 m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuti dziko la Sudan likhale ndi moyo zaka makumi awiri kapena kuposerapo, kupatulapo boma lapadera la ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza nthawi zonse, muyenera kutsimikiza kukanikiza ndi kudula.
Kudulira kumachitika chaka chilichonse ndipo kumapangitsa kuti maluwa azikhala ochuluka. Chifukwa - maluwa amawonekera pa mphukira zazing'ono. Kusinthanitsa ndi kudulira sikungokhala mawonekedwe a chitsamba, komanso kumayambitsa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimatha pachimake.
Ikani mdulidwe ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi phula la munda.
Kuti muzisangalala ndi zazikulu, mpaka masentimita 16 m'mimba maluwa, ziyenera kupatukana ndi mphukira yakale ndi yodwala. Hibiscus limamasula makamaka m'chilimwe. Koma, ngati mukufuna, nyengo yamaluwa ikhoza kusinthidwa, kupereka chomera ndi nthawi yopuma yopanda dongosolo komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ulimi wothirira. Mphothoyo idzakhala maluwa osasangalatsa a mithunzi zosiyanasiyana. Maluwa, makamaka osasunthika, ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ili ndi fungo labwino, limatuluka m'mawa ndi kutuluka dzuwa litalowa. Kukula kwa maluwa kumapindula ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa makumi awiri patsiku pa hibiscus chitsamba cha sing'anga kukula, muyenera kusamalira chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Nthaŵi zambiri a hibiscus amaukira nsabwe za m'masamba obiriwira, zotupa ndi akangaude. Kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ntchito yosavuta. Zokwanira kuzigwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi aktellika. Ndikovuta chishango komanso kangaude. Tizilombo tifunikira chotsani chomerachopogwiritsa ntchito sopo yankho pa cholinga ichi. Kenaka, monga momwe zilili ndi nsabwe za m'masamba obiriwira, perekani ndi aktellika yankho.
Matenda otchedwa kupweteka kwapadera, amasiya pafupifupi mwayi uliwonse wa chomera chodwala. Amatchedwa bokosi lopweteka Fusarium ndi Verticillium. Dzina la mtundu wa bowa linapatsa dzina la matendawa - Fusarium ndi Verticillis. N'zotheka kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa chomera chomwe chagwera kwambiri akuchepetsa nthambi zodwala. Koma, mwatsoka, sizingatheke kusintha kwambiri imfa ya hibiscus.
Kuswana
Mukhoza kupereka moyo ku chomera chatsopano mwa njira imodzi:
- Kufalitsa mbewu. Mukhoza kupeza mbeu zanu, ndikupanga pollination ndi burashi pa mulingo woyenera wa chinyezi cha 80-100%. Nthawi yabwino yopanga nyemba imayamba kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndipo imatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbewu zipse mkati mwa miyezi iwiri ndi theka. Mbewu zoyenera kubzala zimakhala zochepa - zapadera kupweteka kwamakono kwa chipolopolo. Kenaka njere ziyenera kuthiriridwa usiku ndiyeno zimabzalidwa mumsanganizo wa masamba awiri a humus ndi gawo limodzi la perlite mozama kuposa masentimita asanu ndi limodzi.
Kutentha kwabwino kwa kumera bwino ndi madigiri 28.
Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera masabata angapo. Mmera wakula kuchokera ku mbewu udzayamba kufalikira pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
- Kubalana ndi cuttings. Chifukwa chaichi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati kuberekanso kumachitika m'nyengo yachilimwe, ndi limgnified cuttings. Kutalika kwa kudula kumafunika pafupifupi masentimita khumi ndi atatu. Masamba onse achotsedwa, kupatula awiri apamwamba. Kusakaniza kwa rooting kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi kubereka kwa mbewu za hibiscus. Anabzala cuttings mozama masentimita anayi. Ndondomeko ya rooting imatha pambuyo pa mwezi ndi hafu, pamutu wa mpweya wabwino tsiku lililonse, kutentha kwapadera, kutentha kwa mpweya wa madigiri 27 ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri.
- Njira yachitatu yofalitsira dziko la Sudan - kugwiritsa ntchito mpangidwe wa mpweya.
Kutsatira ndondomeko zophweka za kusamalira ndi kubereka kwa Sudan hibiscus, ngakhale wolima mchimake amatha kupanga gawo la thambo lotentha pawindo lake. Chinthu chachikulu - kuchita zonse zofunika nthawi zonse.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi zambiri za dziko la Sudan zowoneka pansipa:
