Brunfelsia kawirikawiri wamkulu pamudzi. Anachokera ku nkhalango za kumwera ndi zapakati za ku America.
Woimira zomera amayamikira chifukwa cha maluwa. Iwo amasiyana mokongola ndi fungo losakhwima kwambiri.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Brunfelsia (lat. Brunfelsia, Brunfelsiopsis) imayimilidwa ndi zitsamba zosakanikirana ndi zitsamba ndi mitengo ya banja la Solanaceae. Izi zowonjezereka zowonjezereka zimatchedwanso Brunfelzia, ndipo nthawi zina - Franciscea. Olima munda amaitcha shrub "dzulo-lero-mawa" kapena "usiku wa usana", powona malo awo okondweretsa kusintha mtundu wa maluwa pamene iwo akulamba.
Brunfelsia ndi shrub yomwe imapezeka pansi pazilumba za Caribbean, komanso m'mayiko a Latin America - ku Cuba, Jamaica ndi Puerto Rico mungapeze chiwerengero chachikulu cha mapeto.
Mawonekedwe ochokera ku chithunzi
Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu 47, kuphatikizapo zosawerengeka.
Low-flowered
Franciscea (Brunfelsia pauciflora) yochepa kwambiri imasankhidwa kuti ikule kunyumba. Chimanga shrub chili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Chomeracho chimamera kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya masika, koma pansi pa zinthu zabwino ndizotheka kuyang'ana maonekedwe a halos chaka chonse. Mbali yapadera ya mitunduyi ndi yopulumukira ambulera inflorescences, chifukwa masamba omwe nthawi zambiri samawoneka.
Zimakhala zazikulu
Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi (Brunfelsia grandiflora) imayimilidwa ndi mitengo yayikulu yamitengo yomwe ili ndi masamba akuluakulu oundana ndi inflorescences-zikopa pafupi ndi pamwamba. Mtundu wawo umasintha kuchokera ku lavender wakuda kuti ukhale woyera.
Tsamba lalikulu
Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi (Brunfelsia latifolia) ndi chitsamba cha kukula kwakukulu ndi thunthu lamtundu wobiriwira. Francisceia ili ndi tsamba la masamba ambiri, lomwe mosiyana ndi masamba a mitundu ina, ndi matte.
Kuoneka kwa maluwa ang'onoang'ono (mpaka masentimita atatu m'mimba mwake) ndi fungo losangalatsa lachinsinsi limapezeka kumapeto kwa dzinja.
American
Chithunzi chochititsa chidwichi (Brunfelsia americana) ndi choyenera kumunda wamaluwa - mtengo waukulu wokhala ndi masentimita khumi ndi makilomita asanu ndi limodzi (8-8 cm) ya mtundu wobiriwira, womwe umakhala wachikasu pang'ono.
Izi zimatchedwa "ubwino wa usiku" - mumdima umatulutsa fungo losangalatsa.
South
Chimera chakumwera (Brunfelsia australis) ndi chimodzi mwa zovuta. Chitsamba ndi chophweka (50-60 masentimita m'litali ndi m'lifupi), pamene maluwa ndi aakulu. Achinyamata a inflorescences, opaka utoto wofiira, amawotha masiku angapo ndikukhala oyera.
Undulata
Kuwonekera (Brunfelsia undulata) kumadziwika ndi mdima wandiweyani masamba owala ndi chipale choyera maluwa ndi m'mphepete.
Kodi zimawoneka bwanji?
Mizu ya Brunfelsia imakula kwambiri. Ndi yaikulu. Mizu ndi yopyapyala, koma yayitali.
Young brunfelsii wowala wobiriwira woonda ndipo mwamtheradi yosalala tsinde. Pakukula, tsinde limakhala lofiira ndi losagwirizana.
Masambawa ndi owala komanso ofewa, amadziwika ndi mdima wobiriwira. Iwo ali amodzi okhaokha ndi oval-linear.
Zopweteka katundu
Brunfelsia ndi owopsa kwambiri. Komanso, mbali zonse ndizoopsa.
Zoopsa kwambiri ndi zipatso zazing'ono, monga tomato kakang'ono kakang'ono. Muzimuchotsa kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Musanyalanyaze magolovesi oteteza pamene mukukumana ndi chomera. Madzi ake akugwera pakhungu, akhoza kuwononga thupi.
Brunfelsia - woimira zonunkhira komanso wokongola wa zomera. Sungatchedwe kusasangalatsa, chifukwa imakhudza ndi magnificence. Koma chifukwa cha kukongola ayenera kulipira chisamaliro chapadera.
Ngati mwakonzeka kusinthanitsa ndi mbeu, idzakongoletsa nyumba yanu ndikukhala nanu kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kunyumba?
Ndikofunika kuti ukhale pamsinkhu waukulu kapena poto lalikulu, kuyambira mizu ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Kufika kumayenera kupanga monga mosamala momwe zingathere. Mizu yayikidwa mu nthaka yochepa.
Mutatha kugula, muyenera kubzala chomera kokha ngati mphika uli wochepa, kapena duwa liri mu gawo lapansi. Nthawi zina, nkofunika kupereka nthawi ya Brunfelsia kuti ikhale yogwirizana. Pambuyo pake imaphulika kumapeto kwa Meyi, zimatsatira kuika. Iyenera kuchitidwa pafupifupi kamodzi pa chaka kapena ziwiri.
Brunfelsia imayenera nthaka yovunda. Kuzilenga kumafuna nthaka ziwiri, zisanu ndi zisanu za mchenga ndi ziwiri-zisanu za humus. Gawo loyenera la peat.
M'masiku otentha amafunika kuthirira kawirikawiri, kamodzi kamodzi masiku atatu. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri kumakwanira.
ZOCHITA: Chomeracho ndi chonchi kwa asidi. Ndibwino kuti acidize madzi pang'ono.
Akufunika mpweya wouma. Ngati sizingatheke kukwaniritsa chinyezi chokwanira m'chipinda, nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu. Pamene bruunfelsia imamasula, ndi bwino kuika mphika pamphuno ndi miyala yowonongeka ndi mchenga, simukusowa kupopera. Ngati n'kotheka, khalani m'chilimwe kunja.
Mavuto otentha amafunikira wapadera. Panthawi ya kukula kwachangu kumafunika za madigiri makumi awiri ndi awiri otentha. Pambuyo pa masiku oyambirira a autumn, kutentha kumafunika kupang'onopang'ono, koma kotero anali osachepera madigiri asanu ndi anayi. Pambuyo masabata khumi ndi awiri muyenera kutulutsa kutentha pang'ono.
Brunfelsia ikugwirizana bwino ndiwindo lakumwera kapena kummawa, monga momwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kukukondera. Iwo sayenera kukhala olunjika, kotero iwe uyenera kutseka zenera sizowoneka mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Manyowa makamaka m'chilimwe. Tulutsani feteleza madzi mu nthaka kamodzi masiku khumi ndi anai.
Nthawi yamaluwa ya brunfelsia imachokera kumapeto kwa January mpaka kumapeto kwa May masiku. Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa maluwa umasintha tsiku lirilonse, pachitsanzo chimodzi chokha chingapeze maluwa a chipale chofewa ndi a mdima wofiirira.
Mungathe kuchulukitsa mbewu zonse ndi zipatso. Ndi bwino kupatukana ndi cuttings m'chilimwe. Koma iwo sayenera kukhala aang'ono, koma okhwima. Ayenera kubzalidwa mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi perlite. Kutentha kumafunika madigiri makumi awiri ndi asanu.
Kufalitsa mbewu, muyenera kutsata ndondomeko yofanana ya kutentha. Mbewu imayenera kubzalidwa pansi pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mini-wowonjezera kutentha mu January kapena April. Pambuyo kumera, zimalangizidwa kuyembekezera mwezi ndikubzala.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka zingapo. Ndibwino kuti chisamaliro cha mbeucho chikhale chamoyo.
Kudulira zofunikira kuchita zofunikira Izi ziyenera kuchitika mutatha maluwa.
ZOCHITA: amafunika kuchotsa mphukira theka, ndikupereka mawonekedwe.
M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina zomera zimakhala ndi vuto la nayitrogeni. Ammonium nitrate (magalamu atatu magalasi a madzi) ndi abwino monga yozizira feteleza. Ayenera kuthirira nthaka masiku khumi ndi asanu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Brunfelsia imayesedwa ndi mealybug, aphid, kangaude ndi nkhanambo. Kulimbanirana phula la phula ndi madzi. Afunika kusamba masamba ndi tsinde. Decis ndi atellik - njira zomwe mungathe kuwononga ziphuphu.
Ngati chomeracho sichimasintha, zikutanthauza kuti sizinapulumutse nyengo yozizira, yomwe ili yofunikira kwambiri. Masabata khumi ndi awiri kuzizira ndi zomwe Brunfelsia imafuna.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: ngakhale ngati mwaphonya nthawiyi, simungathe kuzizira firimuli lomwe limayimira m'chilimwe.
Pakakhala masamba apansi akugwa ndipo nkhungu sizimawoneke, muzuwo ukhoza kuvunda. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha madzi.
Buds amagwa chifukwa cha youma. Perekani chinyezi chofunika.
