Zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma zodabwitsa - chitumbuwa mitundu Kuwala

Pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya chitumbuwa zimakhala zovuta kuyenda ndikusankha mtengo wabwino kwa malo anu.

Choyamba, tcheru khutu hardiness yozizira, kudzibala, kudzipereka mitundu ndi kukana kwa matenda akulu a chitumbuwa.

Wachichepere ndi wachilendo chitumbuwa chosiyanasiyana mitundu yowala. Mudzapeza zomwe ziri zodabwitsa za nyumba yopangira chitumbuwa cha chitumbuwa komanso ngati ziri zoyenera kubzala m'dziko, kufotokozera mitundu ndi zithunzi zomwe zikupitilira mu nkhaniyo.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Izi zinapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yopweteka kwambiri pamtunda wa mbande zingapo pachaka Michurin mitundu yamatcheri.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi nyumba ya Sverdlovsk (tsopano Yekaterinburg). Otsatsa a sitima yaulimi ankagwira nawo ntchito yobereka: S.V. Zhukov ndi N.I. Gvozdyukova.

Nyumba yosungirako zowonjezera inaponyedwa mu 1974 m'dera la Middle Volga, koma mofulumira kufalikira ku Russia konse.

Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwa chisanu, izi zimapangidwanso Maiko a Baltic ndi Belarus. M'nthaŵi za Soviet Union, nyumba yotsegula nyumba inali yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yamaluwa.

Motsatira mitundu ya Volochaevka, Chokoladnitsa ndi Lyubskaya amasonyezanso zabwino winterinessiness.

Kuwoneka kwa nyumba yamtengo wapatali ya cherry

Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi zipatso zake.

Mtengo

Cherry zosiyanasiyana Beacon ndi chomera chochepa chomera chitsamba ndi korona wamba wamba, osati kukula kuposa mamita 2. Maluwawo ndi owopsa kwambiri, osati pafupi ndi mphukira.

Masamba ndi ovunda, okonzeka kwambiri, obiriwira, owala, ndi nsonga zabwino komanso mano abwino pamphepete.

Maluwawo ndi oyera, amakula mu inflorescences a zidutswa zitatu aliyense ndipo amakhala pachimake mochedwa, kumayambiriro kwa June. Ziweto zimapezeka mosasamala. Khalani makamaka pa nthambi zazing'ono, pachaka.

Zitsamba nawonso amapatsa yamatcheri, Moscow Griot ndi Zhukovskaya.

Zipatso

Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zolemera pafupifupi 4-6 magalamu, wofiira wakuda, kuzungulira, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pambali ya msoko. Mnofu ndi wofiira kwambiri, wamadzi wambiri, wokoma kwambiri.

Large mitundu akhoza kudzitama mitundu monga Podbelskaya, Vyanok ndi Morozova Dessert.

Shuga wokhutira ndi zipatso ndipamwamba komanso acidity ndi yotsika. Pfupa ndi lofiira, lonse, lofiira, losavuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi zamkati.

Kanyumba - chiwerengero cha chilengedwe chonse. Ndibwino kuti zonsezi zikhale zoyenera komanso kuti zitha kupanikizana. Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala ndi mchere wowawa kwambiri komanso maonekedwe okongola.

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Zizindikiro zimayamba kubereka zipatso kale zaka 3-4 mutatha kubwerera. Chitsamba chiri cholimba, mosamala kwambiri chingapereke zokolola zabwino zoposa zaka 30 kapena kuposerapo.

Zipatso Zipse nthawi yomweyondipo izi zikuchitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka oyambirira a August. Zipatso sizimangowonongeka, koma pazifukwa zina zimatha kupasula. Choncho Mbewu imakololedwa pamene ikukolola.

Pakatikatikati, zokolola za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zabwino. Nthawi zambiri, kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi chachikulu mukhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pafupifupi 10-15 makilogalamu a zipatso. M'nyengo yotentha ndi zokolola zidzakhala zapamwamba.

Mitundu ngati Black Large, Chernokorka, Uralskaya Rubinovaya ndi Rossoshanskaya Black ali ndi zokolola zambiri.

Zima zozizira ku Mayak sizonso zoipa. Imalekerera chisanu mpaka 30-35 C. Koma m'munsi kutentha masamba ndi mphukira akhoza kufungatira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalekerera chilala chambiri.

Cherry Lighthouse - gawo lapadera la samoplodny.

Pakuti zokolola zapamwamba zidalimbikitsidwa kuti mubzalidwe motsatira mitundu yofunikira poyambitsa nyamakazi: Nizhnekamsk, Wolemba za Tartary, Shakirovskaya.

Pazinthu zonsezi, pali zovuta zingapo. Pa kalasi yapamwamba kwambiri nthawi zambiri okhudzidwa ndi zowola zipatso ndi coccomycosis.

Mwa tizirombo, vuto lalikulu kwambiri ku Mayak ndilo sawfly wopepuka ndi chitumbuwa cha aphid. Koma ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kukonza nthawi ndi kudulira, mavutowa akhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Chifukwa chakuti nyumba yopangira nyumbayi si yozizira kwambiri-yovuta, malo oti ikamatera imasankhidwa kutentha, kuwala ndi kutetezedwa bwino kuchokera ku mphepo.

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, yotsekemera bwino, mchenga kapena loamy.

N'zosatheka kubzala izi zosiyanasiyana m'madera otsika, komanso m'malo omwe ali pafupi ndi madzi pansi.

Pa nthawi yomweyi ndikofunika kudzala mitundu itatu yokhala ndi mungu, pomwe mukuyang'ana mosamala Chiwembu cholowera: 2 * 2.5 mamita.

Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala ndikumasika. Nthaka iyenera kutentha bwino. Lime malo osankhidwa ayenera kukhala akugwa. Mwa ichi mungagwiritse ntchito phulusa la nkhuni, pafupifupi 500-600 magalamu pa mita iliyonse.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi kumayambanso kugwa, koma osati kale kuposa masabata 2-3 pambuyo pa kuchepa.

Dziko lapansi si lozama kwambiri (pa bayonet ya fosholo), nkusankha udzu ndikuwonjezera 15-20 makilogalamu a humus, 100 magalamu a superphosphate ndi pafupifupi 50 magalamu a potaziyamu sulfate pa mita imodzi. m

Pambuyo pake, pitirizani kukonzekera kubzala mabowo. Kukumba kuya kuya kwa masentimita 40-50 ndi mamita pafupifupi masentimita 70. Lembani dzenje ndi chisakanizo kuchokera ku humus, phulusa, mchere wamchere (potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate) ndi chapamwamba pamwamba pa dziko lapansi.

Yendetsani ndodo mu dzenje lililonse ndikuyika mmera, pomwepo kuyesera kuti asayambe kuumitsa khosi lawo. Nthaka imaponderezedwa pansi, dzenje lakuya limapangidwa ndipo banki yaying'ono yadothi imamangidwa kuzungulira. Mutabzala pansi pa chitsamba anatsanulira chidebe cha madzi ndi mulch wouma humus.

Ngakhale kulimbana kwa chilala, achinyamata amafunikira madzi osachepera 3-4 nthawi pa nyengo.

Pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse, dothi limamasulidwa mosamala ndipo limawaza ndi mulch wakuda. Sitiyenera kuiwala za kuchotsedwa kwa namsongole mu bwalo lozungulira.

Kwa zaka ziwiri ndi zotsatira zotsatilazi chakudya ndi njira zothandizira matenda.

Kuvala koyamba kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika komanso feteleza zamchere.

M'dzinja, amakumba pansi kuzungulira chitsamba ndikupanga kuvala pamwamba pa potash-phosphorous.

Young baka amamwetsa madzi kumayambiriro kwa June, 2 zidebe pa chomera. Fruiting yamatcheri bwino madzi pa kucha kwa zipatso, osati malita 20 pa chitsamba.

Nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira umadalira nyengo ndi chinyezi. Beacon yosiyanasiyana samakonda waterlogging, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti imwe madzi.

Kudulira kumachitika kokha m'chaka, pamaso pa kutupa kwa impso. Munthu wamkulu akaponya chitumbuwa sayenera kukhala ndi nthambi zoposa 8-12.

Kalasi iyi, zowonjezereka kukula ndi kuphulika kwa chitsamba, kotero kudulira kudzakhala kuchotsa nthambi zina ndi kukula kwa mizu. Koma palibe chomwe chingatheke kufupikitsa mphukira pachaka.

Ponena za kudulira kobwezeretsa, kumachitika 10-12 zaka zitatha. Chotsani nthambi zonse zouma, matenda kapena zakuda.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Cherry Zosiyanasiyana Lighthouse Nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi coccomycosis ndi zowola zipatso. Choncho, nkofunika kuti musaiwale za kupewa matenda owopsa.

Kuwonjezera pa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizoopsa kwa izi zosiyanasiyana: sawfly wopepuka ndi aphid.

Coccomycosis - owopsa kwambiri fungal matenda yamatcheri. Imawonetsedwa pa maonekedwe a madontho aang'ono ofiira kumtunda kwa masamba.

Amakula mofulumira ndi kuphimba masamba ndi mphukira, kenako zipatso.

Masamba okhudza masamba owuma ndi kutha. Ngati nthawi isayambe mankhwala, mbewuyo idzafooka ndipo sizingathe kukhalabe m'nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunika kupewa matendawa.

Monga njira yotetezera mungayese kugwa. spray chitsamba ndi kwambiri moyikira nayitrogeni feteleza, kuonetsetsa kuti izo sizifika ku mizu. Nthambi zonse zokhudzidwa ndi mphukira, komanso masamba otsala amachotsedwa ndi kuwotchedwa.

Kudulira nthawi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa matenda. Ngati simungapewe coccomycosis, ndiye mutha mankhwala ndi fungicides apadera.

Kukana kwa coccomycosis ndi Podbelskaya, Kharitonovskaya ndi Minx.

Zipatso Zokongola amachititsa chitumbuwa osati chovulaza. Mosiyana ndi coccomicosis, matendawa amakhudza zipatso zokha. Zimayamba ndi maonekedwe ochepa omwe amakula mofulumira ndikubweretsa zipatso zovunda.

Ndi maonekedwe a matendawa, zipatso zonse zovunda zimachotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa. Pambuyo kukolola chitsamba amachizidwa 1% Bordeaux osakaniza. Angagwiritse ntchito mkuwa oxychloride njira pamaso ndi pambuyo maluwa.

Cherry sawfly - Ichi ndi tizilombo tochepa, timayipitsa masamba a zomera. Tizilombo tomwe timayika mazira pamunsi mwa tsamba, kotero maonekedwe awo amatha kuzindikira pomwepo. Amakhala kumtunda, kotero ndikofunika kuti nthawi zambiri amasule nthaka padziko lapansi.

Polimbana nalo, gwiritsani ntchito mosiyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ("Iskra-M" kapena "Kinmiks"). Osapitirira 2 malita a madzi pazitsamba.

Cherry aphid Amadyetsanso msuzi wa tsamba la chitumbuwa, koma amawonekera pachiyambi cha mphukira. Tizilombo timeneti timadula pa nthambi ndi mphukira za zomera.

Kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba kumagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwewo polimbana ndi sawfly.

"Kutulutsa" kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa tsamba likukula, ndi "Kinmiks" - pambuyo maluwa. Konzani njirayi molingana ndi malangizo ndikukhala pafupifupi 3 malita pa chitsamba.

Mitundu ya chitumbuwa Chizindikiro chili ndi ubwino wambiri, komanso zovuta zambiri.

Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi monga:

• zipatso zazikulu;
• zokolola zabwino;
• kukhazikika kwa chitsamba;
• bwino kukoma kwa zipatso;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• kudzikonda yekha.

Kutsika ndiko:

• osati mkulu wachisanu hardiness;
• chizoloŵezi chogonjetsa zipatso zowola ndi coccomycosis;
• kuchitidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Koma ngakhale izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cherry Lighthouse ili yoyenera kwambiri kwa onse mafakitale ndi apadera.

Nkofunika kuchita njira zothandizira zowononga, kudulira ndi kubzala feteleza.

Pachifukwa ichi, mwayi wokumana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo tizilombo tochepa.