Kukoma kwabwino ndi msinkhu wa zipatso zimapereka chitumbuwa mitundu Minx

Chidwi cha chitumbuwa monga chomera chazamalonda chazamalonda chimakhala chokwanira kwambiri chifukwa cha zamoyo zake zosiyana ndi zomwe zimayambira.

Chofunika kwambiri pakulimbikitsana kwa chikhalidwe cha miyala iyi ndi kusankha mitundu yatsopano. Imodzi mwa mitundu yatsopano imeneyi ndi chitumbuwa minx.

Ndizofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa wamaluwa ogwira ntchito kummwera kwa dziko ndi nyengo yabwino komanso yabwino. Ndiponso, chitumbuwa cha Minx, kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chithunzi chimene mudzapeze pambuyo pake mu nkhaniyi, chikutsutsana kwambiri ndi matenda.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Mmodzi mwa mabungwe ambiri a "chitumbuwa" omwe kale anali Soviet Union akhalapo ndipo amakhalabe choncho Ukraine Kunali pano pamene minx zosiyanasiyana zinayambira.

Izi zinachitika pa maziko a Melitopol Institute of Irrigated Horticulture iwo. Mf Sidorenko (omwe kale anali Melitopol Experimental Station, NDI NAAS), wodziwika kuti akukula ambirimbiri oyambirira mitundu yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri.

Zoonadi kuti pakali pano pafupifupi 90% mwa mitundu yonse ya chitumbuwa m'deralo ku Ukraine inalengedwa ku Melitopol imalankhula za udindo weniweni wa bungwe la sayansi ndi lothandiza pakufalitsa chikhalidwe cha chitumbuwa.

Maphunziro osiyana siyana a Shalunya adapangidwa m'dera la Zaporizhzhya pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960 ndipo anamaliza kulembedwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana mu 1966.

Olemba a chitumbuwachi ndi otchuka achiyukireniya obereketsa - Dokotala wa sayansi yaulimi Nikolai Turovtsev ndi mkazi wake, katswiri wa bungwe lomwelo, Valentina Turovtseva.

Chifukwa cha kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yatsopano yolonjeza kunatengedwa chitumbuwa Samsonovka ndi Duke (zopangidwa ndi kuwoloka kwa chitumbuwa ndi chitumbuwa chokoma) mitundu Kiev 19.

Chifukwa cha kudutsa pang'ono kwa mitundu iyi, mtundu wosakanizidwa wodabwitsa wapangidwa, wosiyana ndi makhalidwe abwino, kuphatikizapo zokolola zabwino, kukula kwakukulu kwa mtengo ndi zipatso zazikulu, zokoma m'njira yakumwera.

Kuchokera pa kubadwa kwake komwe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala ikufalikira m'mapulasitiki a ku Ukraine.

Malingana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wowonjezera Minx mu 1997 anali ophatikizidwa mwalamulo ku Russia State Varietal Register ndipo kumalo a kumpoto kwa Caucasus.

Mitundu ya Podbelskaya, Black Black ndi Toys imakula bwino m'derali.

Kuwonekera kwa chitumbuwa minx

Minx Cherry ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya chitumbuwa.

Mtengo

Kugawidwa zomera zokula mwamsanga. Miyeso ya mtengo imasinthasintha Kuchokera pakati mpaka kufika pamwamba. Pa khungwa la thunthu lalikulu la chitumbuwa ichi, chomwe chili ndi mtundu wofiirira, chowoneka bwino chikuwonekera.

Korona, nthambi. Kutalika kwabwino kotalika nthambi za chitumbuwachi zimapanga korona waukulu. Korona imakwezedwa pamwamba pa nthaka.

Akuwombera. Kulungamitsani, khala ndi bulawuni la bulauni. Kutalika kwa mphukira zambiri ndi sing'anga. Pa mphukira, makamaka pa mitengo yaing'ono, yambiri imvi, mphodza zimadziwika bwino.

Kukula ndi kukula kwa zaka chimodzi, komanso nthambi za maluwa. Mkhalidwe umenewu uyenera kuganiziridwa pamene mukudula mtengo, kuti musamawononge mwachangu gawo labwino la mbewu.

Masamba. Kwa ovalo (obovate) mu mawonekedwe, okhala m'mphepete mwazitali komanso mapeto afupipafupi a masamba amadziwika ndi kukula kwake. Mbalame yosalala ya masamba owala ndi mthunzi wobiriwira wakuda, imakwera pansi pang'onopang'ono ndi ngalawayo.

Pakatikatikatikati mwa kukula kwake, silhouette. Timitengo ting'onoting'ono tawonongeka kwambiri, kugwa mofulumira. Tsamba lirilonse limasungidwa pa petiole yaifupi, yojambulidwa ndi yofiira.

Zipatso

Yimirirani maluwa aakulu a mdima wofiira (burgundy), nthawi zambiri pafupifupi mtundu wakuda. Pamwamba pa chitumbuwacho muli mawonekedwe ozungulira, maziko ake amadziwika ndi kupsinjika pang'ono, ndipo kakang'ono kwambiri, pafupi ndi msoko wosasunthika uli pamimba.

Nyumbayi, Mabanki ndi Dessert Morozova akhoza kudzitamandira kwambiri kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso.

Mabulosiwa ali ndi thupi lochepa thupi, koma m'malo mwake, ndi losaoneka bwino, khungu, lomwe lingathe kuchotsedwa mosavuta. Mphuno ya Burgundy imakhala ndi zofewa zofewa, zili ndi madzi ambiri ofiira.

Mkati mwa zamkati ndi fupa kakang'ono. Zipatso zakupsa za minx chitumbuwa amalemera pafupifupi 5-6 g. Odziwika ndi zolimbikitsa kwambiri kukoma kokoma.

Mitundu ngati Chernokorka, Frostbite ndi Zhivitsa imasonyeza kukoma kwakukulu.

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Malingana ndi akatswiri ambiri, mitundu ya Shalunya ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri yomwe imasonyeza zinthu zapamwamba zamalonda zamalonda za cholinga cha chilengedwe chonse.

Universal ndi Volochaevka, Griot Moscow ndi Lebedyanskaya.

Zimaphatikizapo bwino kukoma kokoma, zokolola zambiri, kukana kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Mtundu uwu wa umuna wosakanizidwa wa chitumbuwa ndi wa gulu lofala. wodzikonda wopanda zipatso. Izi zikusonyeza kuti popanda thandizo la mitengo yoyandikana ndi mungu, feteleza ndi zotsatira za fruiting n'zosatheka.

Kukumbukila Vavilov, Zhukovskaya ndi Malinovka nawonso ali osauka.

Choncho, alimi wamaluwa, omwe amadalira zochititsa chidwi zosonkhanitsa zokometsera yamatcheri yamatcheri, akulangizidwa kuti asamalire kuti mitundu ina ya yamatcheri yabzalidwa pafupi pomwepo ndi minx.

Mavitamini abwino a Minx ndi mitundu yamatcheri. Samsonovka ndi Chernokorkakomanso mtundu wa chitumbuwa chokoma Winka ndi Valery Chkalov.

Ndi mlingo wa kucha Minx ndi wa pakati pa nyengo mbewu. Terms of yakucha zipatso zake kudalira pa malo olima.

Makamaka, mu zikhalidwe za horticultural minda ya Melitopol - dziko la zosiyanasiyana - zonse kusasitsa nthawi zambiri zimachitika pa June 20-25.

Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zokolola zoyamba za chitumbuwachi zimangopereka Zaka 3 zitatha kupiritsa

Ndichizoloŵezi chosamalira chomeracho komanso motsatira zonse agrotechnical zofunika, Minx, kuyambira kuyambira zaka 5-6, amapereka nyengo ndi mtengo umodzi mpaka 15-20 makilogalamu a zipatso ndi Ali ndi zaka khumi - mpaka 35-40 makilogalamu pamtengo.

Mitundu yotchedwa cherry monga Turgenevka, zaka zomwezo, Tamaris adzakondwera ndi zokolola zambiri.

Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi ndizo imodzi mwa zokoma kwambiri zamatcherikumakondweretsa gourmets ndi ake maluwa okoma kwambiri.

Pogwiritsa ntchito makina asanu ndi awiri okongola kwambiri a chitumbuwa, a Minxes amawerengedwa ndi akatswiri 4.8 mfundo.

Kulawa kumverera kumagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha zinthu zakuthambo za chipatso, chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chonchi:

Mofanana ndi "miyala" yamatcheri yambiri, yokongola ndi yotsitsimula Minx ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri.

Lili ndi mavitamini ambiri magulu osiyanasiyana folic acid - Gwero la kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Komanso zipatso zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi la munthu likhale lofanana chitsulo, calcium, phosphorous, mkuwa, magnesium, citric ndi malic organic acid.

Pamodzi ndi chilala kulekerera, chitumbuwa ichi chimaonedwa kukhala chokwanira komanso nyengo yozizira yosiyanasiyana. Komabe mfundo yofooka apa ndi maluwa.

Zabwino yozizira hardiness amasonyeza ndi mitundu Vladimirskaya, Ashinskaya Stepnaya, Molodezhnaya.

Choncho, ngati kutentha kumagwa m'nyengo yozizira mpaka -25 ° C Popeza mitengo ya nkhuni ndi mitengo sizimawombera pang'ono, chiwerengero cha masamba omwe anafa chifukwa cha chisanu mumaluwa amapezeka pafupifupi 58%.

Pamene kasupe frosts zimachitika, mpaka 30% ya Minx maluwa angafe.

Zipatso zokolola zapaderazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse ndipo zikhoza kudyedwa mwatsopano ndi kusinthidwa (kupanikizana, jams, compotes, mitsempha, etc.).

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Kuti mupange chokolola choyenera cha chikhalidwe ichi, choyamba muyenera kusankha bwino malo mmunda.

Malo awa ayenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zingapo nthawi yomweyo. - ziyenera kukhala bwino ndi dzuwa (kawirikawiri izi zingatheke mwa kuika sapling kumbali ya kumwera kwa chiwembu), kwa icho madzi apansi sayenera kukhala pafupi kuposa 1.5-2 m (yomwe imapangidwanso kwambiri ndipo chifukwa cha nthaka yozizira kwambiri imayipitsa mtengo wachinyamata), nthaka iyenera kukhala loamy kapena mchenga.

Zina zofunika zimaperekedwa pa ntchito yobzala mbande. Njirayi imapangidwanso kumapeto (pamaso maluwa), kapena m'dzinja (pasanathe mapeto a September).

Pakuti mmera ukumba dzenje pafupi 50-60 cm masentimita ndi 60-70 masentimita awiri

Pozindikira kukula kwake kwa dzenje, akuganiza kuti pobzala mizu ya mmera ayenera kukhala momasuka, popanda kupinyidwa, kuyikidwa panthawi yopuma.

Amachimba m'njira yoti atagona pansi (nthaka isanaphatikizidwe ndi humus, 30-40 g wa superphosphate ndi 20 g wa potaziyamu kloride) Msozi wa mzuwo unayambira masentimita 5-7 pamwamba pa nthaka.

Pambuyo pa mbeuyi imayikidwa mu dzenje, ndipo mizu ili ndi dothi losakaniza, dera lozungulira thunthu liyenera kusamalidwa bwino.

Kenaka, ndi mpweya wa 30-35 masentimita, chingwe chimapangidwa kuzungulira thunthu, malire ake omwe amapanga khoma lakuda. Mu nsalu yopangidwa 2-3 zidebe za madzi opatulidwa zimatsanulidwa. Nthaka inakhazikika pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira mulch 2 centimeter wosanjikiza wa kompositi kapena utuchi.

Chikhalidwe cha yamatcheri oterewa ndi nthawi kumasula nthaka ndi kuchotsa nthawi yachonde zomera. Ndifunikanso kuchita kudulira nthawi zonse.

Makamaka nthambi zowonjezera ndi zofooka zimadulidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Nthawi yomweyo Tikulimbikitsanso kuchotsa ndi mphukira zochulukirapo.

Pambuyo pa zaka 7-8 mutatha, pamene kuyanika kwa nthambi zazikulu kumayambira, ndibwino kuti muzidulidwa. Koma musanachotse iwo, mizu yolimba mphukira ikhale yokonzeka.

Kusamalira bwino mitengo kumaphatikizapo kutsimikiza kwabwino kwa dothi m'munda.

Ngati pali acidity yambiri ya nthaka yomwe ingawononge kwambiri chomera, ndiye kunthaka Pakati pa zaka zisanu, mukhoza kuwonjezera yankho la laimu. Izi ziyenera kusinthanitsa mlingo wa acidity.

Penyani kanema pa malamulo ochepetsera yamatcheri.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zosiyanasiyana za minx zimasonyeza kukana kwambiri matenda aakulu Zipatso za miyala, kuphatikizapo matenda oopsa monga fungal coccomicosis ndi moniliasis.

Kutsutsana kwa coccomycosis ndi bowa zina zimasonyezedwa ndi Fairy, Hope ndi Zhukovskaya.

Ponena za chikoka cha makoswe, omwe angathe kudya makungwa a mtengo m'nyengo yozizira, apa mugwiritse ntchito njira zowatetezera.

Ngati zinthu zonse zomwe zili m'matcheri amatha, ndiye kuti Minx adzakondwera ndi mwatsopano ndipo adzakhala wokongola kwambiri pa tebulo.

Ngati mukufuna zosamalitsa zosiyanasiyana yamatcheri, samverani Lyubskaya, Tamaris ndi Yenikeev Memories.