Kulima

Chizindikiro chosamalira mibadwo yakale - Maapulo osiyanasiyana a Babushkino

Munthu aliyense ali ndi fungo la agogo a agogo aamuna, kukoma kosakumbukira kwa kupanikizana kwake kwa mabulosi, kukongola kwa munda wa agogo a agogo aamuna pakati pa kukumbukira ana.

Choncho, kukumbukira kwakusangalatsa ndi kokhumudwitsa kwa wina kunapatsa dzina kukhala mtundu wobadwa ndi anthu "Apulo a agogo aakazi".

Kodi ndi udindo wotani popanga mitundu yatsopano?

Udindo wa mitundu ya apulo ya Babushkino pakusankhidwa kwa mitundu ina "> Timapeza tsatanetsatane wa dzinali mu nthabwala za mbiriyakale (kuti tisasokonezeke ndi nthano zachisangalalo!): Tula mwini nyumba, akukhala ku Crimea, akufuna kubweretsa zipatso za apulo kumunda wake.

Malingaliro a apolisi a A.Petrov, chisankho chake chidati chigwera Rennet Champagne.

Mkaziyo anali ndi mwayi - pambuyo pake, chipululu chodziwika chikhoza kukula kuchokera ku mbewu za apulo, koma pa mbande khumi ndi ziwiri mbuto ya zipatso yodalitsika inasankhidwa.

Anzukulu anayamba kumutcha "agogo" a mtengo. Ndipo, pambuyo pake, dzina la mphekesera yotchuka linali lokhazikitsidwa kwa apulo a mitundu iyi monga kusinthasintha.

State Register of Maapulo zosiyanasiyana Agogo sanafunengakhale kuti amapezekabe m'minda yam'nyumba kuchokera ku Voronezh kupita ku St. Petersburgkuphimba lonse Chigawo chapakati. Pamwamba yozizira hardiness, kukana nkhanambo, kwambiri kukoma makhalidwe makhalidwe amenewa zosiyanasiyana kupanga mitundu yatsopano yozizira ya mitengo ya apulo pofuna ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya katundu:

Zatsopano zosiyanasiyanaZowonongeka ndi odzola munguOnaniKulemera kwa zipatso (mu gr.)Kuyenerera kuyenerera
Yophukira ScarletMekintoshKumapeto kwakumapeto125 (mpaka 100kg kuchokera ku nkhuni)Fruiting kwa zaka 15;
BananaNyengo yachisanunyengo yozizira140Zokolola zazikulu; yosungirako mpaka May.
ChashnikovskoeKaminoni Yadulidwa + Rennet Champagnenyengo yozizira140Low; kusunga mpaka masiku 150; zokolola (218 c / ha).
VesylinaAmakondanyengo yozizira150Fruiting kwa zaka 2-3;
Antonovka NewAntonovka wambanyengo yozizira200kucha (zaka 4-5); kukana ndi nkhanambo.
Mkazi wachi RussiaAntonovka wambaPre-yozizira200Fruiting kuchokera zaka 5-6; kukana ndi nkhanambo; achire katundu wa matenda oopsa.
Mphatso ya IsaevAntonovka wambanyengo yozizira200Zakudya zambiri za vitamini "C"; yosungirako mpaka April; pa mayesero a boma sakadutsa.
AnteyChifuwa cha Belarusiya + Newtonnyengo yozizira250Kusamba msanga (zaka 2-3); kukana ndi nkhanambo.
PalmAmakondanyengo yozizira250Fruiting kwa zaka 2-3; kukana ndi nkhanambo; yosungirako mpaka May.

Antonovka vulgaris, Aport, Pangano, Borovinka ndi Granny Smith ndiwo otchuka kwambiri.

Kodi ndi vuto lotani limene limabweretsa?

  1. Kwambiri yozizira hardiness.
  2. Chitetezo choyambitsa matendawa.
  3. Zokolola zabwino.
  4. Maonekedwe a malonda a zipatso zapakatikati.
  5. Nthawi yosungirako (zochokera zina zosiyanasiyana zimasungidwa mpaka kukolola kwatsopano).
  6. Zipatso ndizopangidwa bwino kwambiri.
  7. Maapulo a agogo sagwidwa ndi zofuna za ogulitsa kwa zaka zambiri.
Thandizo: Mtengo wa apulo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 mpaka m'ma 2000 unayesedwa ngati maziko a munda wamalonda pakati pa Russia.

Zokolola za mtundu womwewo zingasonyeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana: Borovinka, Volzhanka, Jonathan, Prima ndi Uslada.

Chithunzi


Zinthu zosiyanasiyana

  • Mtengo wa chipatso uwu ndi wa kwa osadziletsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuti atenge ovary, sangathe kuchita popanda kuthandizidwa ndi apulo wina, ngati pollinator. Chomera chachikulu cha mungu kuchokera pamtengo kupita ku mtengo Njuchi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera uchi mumtunda wa makilomita 2.
    Kuti apange fruiting yabwino ya apulo a agogo aakazi, mtengo umodzi wokhala ndi mungu wochepa m'deralo udzakhala wochuluka.

    Oyenera pa cholinga ichi: Papirovka, Antonovka wamba, Shtreyfling, Saminoni mitsempha, Borovinka.

    Kufunika kokonetsera mungu:

  1. ndi mitundu yanji yoyenera ya pollinator yosonyeza;
  2. Kodi maluwa ndi fruiting magawo amatha nthawi?
  3. Kodi njira yowonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi yotani?
Nkofunikira: Ngati mulibe mitengo yowonjezera mungu m'munda, ndiye kuti nkofunika kukonza zofuna zanu ndi anansi a m'dera lanu, kapena kufufuza zowalidwa kwa zomera m'munda wa 2 km.
  • Chomera cha zosiyanasiyana amatanthauza mitundu yozizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kucha kwa chipatso sikuchitika nthawi yokolola (kumapeto kwa September), koma patatha mwezi umodzi kapena kuposerapo, mbeuyi ikasungidwa yosungirako. Kukoma kwa apulo yotere (ndi yosungirako bwino) sikutaya mpaka mapeto a masika.

    Mitengo yachisanu imaphatikizaponso mitengo ya apulo: Belfleur Bashkir, Bryansk Golden, Dzhonagold, Amazing ndi Lada.

  • Zokolola za zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi kawirikawiri (pachaka).
  • Mtengo wa Apple amayamba pang'onopang'ono. Mtengo wa fruiting nthawi zonse umayamba mochedwa: Chokolola choyamba chiyenera kuyembekezera zaka 10-15. Koma mu ntchito yobereka, ikhoza kukhala 50 mpaka ngakhale zaka 100.
  • Kulimba kwa nyengo yozizira kumatanthauzira khalidwe la Russia nyengo yozizira yozizira, kumayambiriro kwa autumn ndi mochedwa frosts m'chaka. Koma kumpoto kwa dera la Leningrad, apulo uyu salikulima.
  • Bzalani Chitetezo cha mthupi ndi matenda oopsa (nkhanambo), koma ikhoza kugonjetsedwa ndi njenjete.

    Kukaniza nkhanambo kukhala ndi mitundu: Hero wa Tsiku, Rennet Chernenko, Zhigulevskoe, Bogatyr ndi Berkutovskoe.

  • Zipatso za Apple a Agogo ali ndi vitamini "C", calori yachepa, imakhala ndi zotsatira zochizira pamene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matenda oopsa. Mu kukonza kwa iwo ndi kupanikizana, zipatso zamtundu, zopanikizana, kupanikizana, madzi, zakumwa za zipatso.
  • Maapulo a agogo aakazi kuyenda bwino, kusungirako mu cellars, mu attics pa yabwino kutentha - 0-1oє.
Thandizo: Mapulogalamu a apulo ophika adasandulika gruel amathandiza kuchiza mabala, chisanu ndi chiwotche ndi kuyaka pamene agwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu. Ndipo powotcha khungu lakuda la chipatso, mukhoza kuwopsyeza udzudzu ndi ntchentche.

Maonekedwe

Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi chipatso.

Mtengo

Mtengo ukufika Mita 5 kutalika, kutalika kwapakati, ndi korona wolimba kwambiri, nthambi zotsika zomwe zimakhala pansi.

Kapangidwe ka mtengowo ndi kolimba komanso kathanzi, nkhuni ndi yovuta komanso yolemetsa, yomwe inali chifukwa choigwiritsira ntchito kuswana ngati katundu.

Nthambi za mitsempha ndizamphamvu komanso zooneka bwino, zimakwera pamwamba. Nthambi zonse ndi mphukira ziri ndi makungwa a mtundu wowala. Impso ndizochepa, zolimba kwambiri.

Masambawa ndi obiriwira, obiriwira, ooneka ngati supuni, ang'onoang'ono, ali ndi gawo losaoneka kwambiri. Zimasindikizira pang'ono. Zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maofesi a nthambi muutali ndi kutalika kwa petioles. Zomera zowonjezera pamapeto pake ndi pakati pa chilimwe, zomwe zimabweretsa tsamba lakuda likugwa kumapeto kwa July - oyambirira August.

Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences wa 3-5 zidutswa. Mu masamba amaoneka pinki, koma atatsegulidwa, ukhale woyera. Mu kukula kwake, ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zazing'ono zisanu, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzilumba zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Maluwawo amapezeka m'zaka khumi za May.

Zipatso

Zipatso kukula kwasinkhu (mpaka 150 g) ndi khalidwe losasintha, kupanga nthiti zazikulu. Kulimbidwa ku tsinde lalifupi la nthambi. Yunifolomu ya mawonekedwe: zobiriwira, zikachapa - zachikasu. Nthawi zina mbali yowunikira imakhala yofooketsa. Khungu ndi lakuda, pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndi madontho oyera. Nyama ndi yowutsa ndi yonyezimira, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma ndi kowawasa, ndi zonunkhira komanso zosangalatsa za vinyo.

Thandizo: Zinyamazo ndi za calvilia - zonyamula zamoyo zakum'mwera zosiyanasiyana za maapulo ndi khungu losalala ndi lalitali lalitali. Mwa iwo, monga lamulo, anapanga zakumwa zoledzeretsa - Calvados.

Kumene angabzala?

Ndithudi iye monga kumapiri otsetsereka a kumwera, otetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu, kuti dzuwa liwalitse pa maola 6-7 pa tsiku. Ndi malo otsetsereka, malo otsetsereka amayenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi kusunga makoma a thovu, ziboliboli zothamangitsidwa pansi, kapena kutulutsa zokhotakhota kuti zisawononge nthaka.

Malowa ayenera kusankhidwa kulingalira za chilengedwe chomera, kutali ndi khitchini ndi veranda, popeza kuti zipatso zosabala zipatso zingathe kuphulika, ndipo zinyama zimakoka ntchentche, zowopsya anthu.

Madzi akumwera adzakhala oopsa kwa mtengo wachinyamata, chifukwa mizu ina ya apulo imapita mpaka mamita 4. Kuphika pamwamba sizingalole kuti mtengowu uphatikize. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, nthawizina mitengo imabzalidwa kumapiri kapena mabedi, ngati pali mitengo ikuluikulu yobzala. Kutukuka nthaka kumalimbikitsidwa kuzungulira, monga kuchitidwa pamtunda.

Asanayambe kulowera ayenera kufufuzidwa nthaka acidity: mitengo ya apulo sichimakonda ntchito yake yapamwamba. Pankhaniyi, muyenera onjezerani mandimu kunthaka. Ndipo, ndithudi, simukuyenera kudzala mtengo wawung'ono kapena pafupi ndi wakaleyo.

Zosangalatsa: Olima munda wa Dutch amazindikira kuti mundawu uli ndi mtengo wapatali "ndi chiwerengero cha masitepe pamasitepe": ndi mtengo wotsika kusamalira mitengo yochepa.

Njira yobwera

Chinsinsi cha kupambana ndi kukolola kochuluka mtsogolo kudzakhala:

  • nthawi yosankhidwa bwino;
  • nthaka yokonzedwa bwino;
  • chomera;
  • luso lotha kuyendetsa.

Mukhoza kubzala mtengo wa apulo nyengo yamasika (mochedwa April) ndi autumn (pakati pa mwezi wa October), koma mutabzala m'dzinja, mizu ya mbeu imakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yosinthira ndikukonzekera nyengo.

Ngati ndondomekoyi siidakwaniritsidwe, ndipo nthawi yoyambilira ya m'dzinja imasowa, ndi bwino kusiya mbeu pamaso yozizira prikopannymi, ndi chomera - kumayambiriro kasupe. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kubzala kasupe ayenera kukhala kutentha bata, kouma, koma nyengo yamvula.

Malo otsetsereka - dzenje lomwe lili ndi mamita 1.2 mamita, kuya kwa 0.7 mamita kumatulutsidwa mwezi usanafike. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, ili ndi 1/3 feteleza.

Pakatikati mwa dzenje amapita pamtengo, zomwe zimakhala ngati chithandizo cha thumba lolimba. Pa pangidwe lachisawawa, dothi la umuna, mwapang'onopang'ono imafalikira mizu ya mmera ndikuiphimba ndi nthaka, ndikusiya khosi lazu pamutu.

Dothi lozungulira thunthu anapondaponda ndi kuthirira mochuluka (mpaka ndowa zisanu). Pamapeto pake, bwalo la thunthu limaphatikizidwa ndi peat kapena humus. Kuyika mbiya pamphepete sikuyenera kusokoneza zaka ziwiri zotsatira.

Nkofunikira: Kuthirira mobwerezabwereza kubweretsa sabata, ndipo kotero-mpaka August.

Mtengo wa zipatso kuchokera ku mbewu za mpendadzuwa? Ntchito yovuta komanso yosayamika. Gulani sapling ya kalasi iliyonse - zopereka zogula mtengo kwambiri.

Ndikofunika kuti ndiwamphamvu, wathanzi, popanda kuwononga nthambi ndi mizu ndi zizindikiro zowola. Ngati masamba aonekera kale, ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala popanda kuwononga mphutsi.

Ayenera kukhala oyenera zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, ngakhale kambewu kamodzi kokha kamatha kubzalidwa pansi.

Thandizo: Mbande zomwe zimagulidwa kuchokera kwa anthu, kapena zoperekedwa ndi anansi awo, zimakhala zonyamula tizirombo ndi matenda, osati zomera zomwe zimalima. Choncho, muyenera kugula zokolola zokha kuchokera kwa wopanga maofesi, m'mayamayi omwe ali ndi umboni wolemba zosiyana siyana.

Zipatso zamakono zothandizira zipangizo zamakono zokolola zambiri zimaphatikizapo:

  • kumasula ndi kuthirira;
  • feteleza;
  • kudulira nthambi;
  • tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda;
  • kukolola;
  • Kukonzekera nthawi yonse (yozizira).

Kodi chingamuvutitse bwanji munda wamaluwa?

Kwa agogo a apulo osiyanasiyana, izi zimakhala zofanana, monga mitengo yambiri ya apulo. Makamaka kuyambira chomera osiyana ndi odzichepetsandimalimbikitsidwa mwakufuna kutchuka.

Wormholes - zitsanzo za ntchito yofunikira ya mphutsi za butterfly. Pambuyo pa wintering pansi pa khungwa la mtengo, atangomaliza maluwa, amabadwira kuti apitirize ulendo wa moyo: dzuŵa likadutsa, amakhala mazira 160 pa ovary ndi masamba.

Patatha masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu, mbozi iyamba kudya chipatso: Yambani ndi zamkati, ndiye idyani nyemba ndikupita ku apulo lotsatira.

Mitundu ya nkhondo ndi yosiyana:

  • mankhwala (kupopera mbewu ndi kukonzekera okonzekera: "Dimethoat", "Iskra M", "Bi-58", etc.);
  • tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (kupopera mbewu "Bitoxibacillin");
  • kumangirira (kumangirira mabotolo, kukumba kuzungulira thunthu mkati mwa nthawi yophukira, kuwotcha zidutswa zagome zakale);
  • anthu (infusions of singano, tansy, chitsamba chowawa; kubzala mpiru za mpiru, phwetekere, katsabola pafupi ndi mitengo);
  • mankhwala osokoneza bongo (zomera zambiri m'munda, mwayi wochuluka umene njenjete idzakhala pokha pa mtengo wa apulo;
  • muyenera kuchotsa dontho mu nthawi;
  • zokolola ziyenera kusungidwa mumabokosi opanda ming'alu).

Sikulakwitsanso kunyalanyaza njira zothandizira zotsutsana ndi zipatso, zipatso, miner, ndi silkworms.

Ndi mibadwo ingati yomwe maapulo a Agogo apeza bwino? Ndipo kuli kotani! Pambuyo pake, mitundu yoleredwa ndi anthu mwa anthu imakhalanso ndi moyo wosatha.