Izi zimachitika kuti apulo sali wokondwa ndi eni ake. Kuti zokololazo ndizochepa, khalidwe la chipatso silingakwaniritse.
Musayambe kutsutsa chomera ichi, obereketsa sakuwonetsera mitundu yopanda phindu, ina iliyonse ndi yabwino kwa cholinga chake.
Kupewa kukhumudwa kumathandiza kusankha bwino mitundu: ayenera kufanana ndi kukoma kwanu, ndi dera limene amakulira.
Musamawononge ndalama, choyamba mudzidziwe nokha ndi chikhalidwe cha makhalidwe osankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mumasankha kukula ndi apulo BerkutovskoeKodi zinthu zake ndi ziti?
Apple Berkutovskoe - kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi za chipatso pambuyo pake.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Berkutovskoe - zosiyanasiyana zozizira maapulo. Amamera bwino pakati pa madera ozungulira ndi madera otentha, m'madera awa mitengo imapanga mbewu zambiri pachaka.
Apple cultivar Berkutovkoe chilengedwe cholinga, abwino atsopano mowa ndi processing.
Maapulo yosungidwa bwino ndipo musataye makhalidwe awo mpaka masika. Ingalekerere kayendedwe yaitali. Mtundu wonyezimira wobiriwira wonyezimira uli ndi kukoma kokoma kwambiri ndi fungo labwino.
Zosangalatsa zimawerengedwa pa mfundo 4.5-4.8 pa kulawa kwake, momwe chiwerengero chapamwamba ndi 5.
Mitengo ya ma apulo yozizira imaphatikizapo: Bryansk Golden, Altai Phoenix, Pangano, Snowdrop ndi Khirisimasi.
Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana Berkutovsky
Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a apulo ndi zipatso zake.
Ubwino wa Berkutovsky zosiyanasiyana ndi mfundo kuti apulo mtengo ali kutalika kwake, pafupifupi mamita 3. Kukolola n'kosavuta kupanga kuchokera pa masitepe kapena mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera.
Kuchuluka kwa pakati pa Crohn kuli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Makungwa a thunthu ndi nthambi ndi mthunzi wosalala bwino, mphukira ndi zofiira zofiira.
Maapulo ozungulira pafupifupi masentimita 7 mmitala, pamwamba pa 7.5 masentimita. Chipatso cha zipatso kuyambira 150 mpaka 250 g Pamwamba pamakhala ma tubercles aang'ono.
Peel wa nsalu zobiriwira-chikasu ndi mikwingwirima yofiira ndi zofiira zofiira.
Pamwamba popanda kuvala sera, wofiira. M'nyengo yophukira, pamene zokolola zimapsa, mitengo yokhala ndi maapulo okongola amasangalatsa diso ndi kukongola kwake.
Mbiri yobereka
Mu 70s abereketsa Saratov Experimental Station Horticulture Berkut O.D. ndi Kondratieva G.V. mungu wochokera maluwa osiyanasiyana ku America Cortland mungu wosakaniza Antonovka wamba ndi Maselo a pinki a pinki.
Mu 1987, mitundu yosiyanasiyana inalembedwa mwalamulo. Kuyambira mu 1988, mtengo wa apulo wa Berkutovsky wakhala ukuonedwa kuti ukuperekedwa Madera a Saratov ndi Volgograd. Mu 1991, mitundu ya Berkutovskoye inagonjetsa ndondomeko ya golide ya All-Russia Exhibition Center.
Chithunzi
Chigawo cha kukula ndi kufalitsa
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolima kulima Lower Volga dera la Russia. Chifukwa cha nyengoyi, mitengo ya apulo imakhala nayo mkulu wozizira hardiness ndi kukana chilala. M'madera ambiri kumpoto, nyengo yozizira yovuta imachepa, kale kumadera a ku Moscow, iyo imatanthawuza pafupifupi msinkhu.
Kuwonjezera chisanu kukana mitengo ya apulo kumpoto, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yaying'ono imatha kuzungulira ndi zipangizo zotentha, ndipo mtunda waukulu wa dziko lapansi mpaka 30 cm pamwamba ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku mizu. Spring chisanu ndi choopsa kwa maluwa ndi mazira. Pofuna kuteteza mbewuyi, kuchepa kwa mitengo yozizira kumafunika kusuta ndi utsi.
Chifukwa chodzala m'derali ndi mitundu yoyenera: Dothi, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Yandykovskoe ndi Scala.
Pereka
Apple Berkutovskoye ayamba kubala chipatso m'chaka chachinai. Gawo lalikulu la zokolola limangirizidwa pa mphukira za chaka chimodzi. Zambiri, zokolola zosatha zingapezeke ku mtengo wa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Zipatso yakucha mu Octoberpafupipafupi yosungidwa mpaka Marchkoma pansi pazinthu zabwino zingakhale zotheka mpaka May.
Mitengo ya apulo zosiyanasiyana Berkutovsky umabala zipatso pachaka. Pafupipafupi, mtengo umodzi ukhoza kusonkhanitsidwa 70 makilogalamu a maapulo.
Ndikofunikira! Inu simungakhoze kukula pa malo okha apulo mitundu Berkutovskoe, ayenera pereopilyvatsya. Zokolola zabwino zimapezeka pamodzi ndi zosiyanasiyana Northern Sinap kapena zofanana.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Kubzala mitundu ya apulo Bryansk ankachita zinthu monga mitundu ina.
Mitengo ya Apple Musalekerere saline kapena madontho. Ngati madzi apansi sali akuya, madzi akuyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati njirayi singakuthandizeni, muyenera kukula mitengo yosalala.
Ophunzira a Berkutovsky amafunikira mungu wowonjezera, ndi bwino kukula nawo pafupi ndi njuchi. Ngakhalenso bwino, ngati mumayika ming'oma m'munda.
Mtunda pakati pa mitengo yochepa ya apulo mitengo iyenera kukhala osachepera 3-4 mamita.
Mukhoza kubzala m'chakampaka masambawo ayambe kuphulika pa mbande, kapena kugwa. Musakhale waulesi mukamafukula mabowo, muwapangitse kuti akhale aakulu: 60 cm chakuya ndi pafupi mamita awiri.
Pankhaniyi, chaka choyamba mutabzala, mizu idzakhala ndi malo okwanira kuti ikhale bwino mu nthaka yosalala.
Musanadzalemo, yang'anani mmera ndikuchotsa mizu yonse ndi matenda. Lembani mizu m'dothi loyankhula, liyike mu dzenje, limbanike ndi dziko lapansi ndipo lisamalumikize bwinobwino nthaka.
Choyamba, uzani mizu ndi chomera chonde, kenaka mudzaze dzenje ndi primer kuti malo ogwiritsa ntchito katemera anali pamwamba pa nthaka.
Mutabzala, mtengo uyenera kumangidwa pamtengo wolimba, kuti mizu isasunthike pamene miyendo imayenda. Mbewu imayenera kuthiriridwa mochulukira, ndipo mzere wozungulira pafupi umakhala wochuluka ndipo ndi zofunika kubzala ndi manyowa obiriwira.
Zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana Berkutovskoe chilala chosagonjetsedwakoma chaka choyamba mutatha ndi kulowa zaka zouma zimafunikira 2-3 nthawi pa nyengo kuti azithirira mitengo zambiri. Musapangitse kulakwa kwakukulu kwa wamaluwa ndipo musamamwe madzi m'magawo akuluakulu.
Madzi ayenera kukhala odzazidwa kwambiri ndi nthaka, izi zimafuna osachepera 50 l pamtengo.
Chabwino, ngati mutenga chipangizo chochepetsera ulimi wothirira, mwa njira iyi, nthaka sidzakhala yochuluka kwambiri.
Danga pakati pa mitengo ya apulo ikhoza kubzalidwa ndi manyowa wobiriwira, nthawi ndi nthawi muwagwedeze ndi kugawa mofanana pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Zabwino kwambiri pazinthu izi zimagwirizana ndi fescue, bluegrass kapena mabentholes.
Pambuyo pa zaka zingapo, misa yowonongeka imapanga nthaka yowonongeka yomwe ma microorganicms ndi nthakaworms opindulitsa adzakula.
Mutatha kukolola, mitengo ya apulo imayenera feteleza. Manyowa ndi kompositi ndi abwino kwambiri pazinthu izi. M'chaka pamaso maluwa ndi m'chilimwe, ndi kukula kwambiri zipatso, ndi bwino kudyetsa mitengo ndi slurry.
Ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya korona, kupatulira kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa. Chotsani nthambi zonse za matenda ndi zopanda zipatso kuti ena onse adzalandire mphamvu ndi kuwala.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mitengo ya Berkutovsky apulo imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a mitengo ya zipatso. Mavuto angabwere nthawi yamvula: Pali mitengo yowononga powdery mildew.
Mazira ake otsekemera mu impso, ndipo kumapeto kwa kachilombo kachilombo ka mbewu kamaphimbidwa ndi maonekedwe oyera ndi owuma. Kupopera mankhwala sulfure ndi othandiza polimbana ndi matendawa.
Nthawi zina mtengo ukhoza kusokonezedwa nkhanambo. Wothandizira odwala matendawa pamasamba akugwa, ndipo masika mphepo imabweretsa kutsutsana kwa korona.
Kukaniza nkhanambo kumasiyana: Mwana wamkazi Pepinchik, Uralets, Rennet Chernenko, Bryansk ndi Bogatyr.
Masamba ndi zipatso zimaphimbidwa ndi mabala a bulauni ndi velvety patina ndikugwa patapita kanthawi. Ngati matendawa achitika, korona ayenera kupopedwa ndi Bordeaux madzi.
Ngati masamba owonongeka ndi zipatso zikuwoneka pa mtengo wa apulo, vuto silili nthawi zonse mu matenda.
Nthawi zina mitengo sichinthu chofunikira. Masamba obiridwa ndi mitsempha ya chikasu ndi zipatso zonyansa zokhala ndi ziphuphu zakufa - wamng'ono boron.
Masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha yobiriwira - mbewu imapempha chitsulo. Masamba ang'onoang'ono opunduka ndi zipatso zazing'ono onetsani kusowa kwa zinki.
Kuchokera ku tizirombo mpaka ku mapulo, nkhupakupa ndizoopsa. Masamba awonongeka ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wawo, ndi opunduka ndi kugwa. Amasonyeza mphutsi. Osati okondweretsa kwambiri ndi zopereketsa zokhala ndi ziboda.
Chiphalachi cha mbozi kuwononga zipatso zomwe zimagwa msanga. Tizilombo toyambitsa mitsempha, monga mbulu ya apulo, imatha kulepheretsa mtengo wa masamba kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Njira yabwino yothetsera tizilombo towononga - chisamaliro choyenera.
Mu kugwa, chotsani mosamala masamba ogwa ndi kukumba pristvolny mabwalo. Pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira, chotsani mbali zonse zowonongeka.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo.
M'nyengo yozizira, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo imatha kuuluka. mbewa ndi hares. Pofuna kupewa izi, yang'anani mwamphamvu mbande ndi mapesi a mpendadzuwa kapena nthambi za spruce.
Ayenera kutseka chivundikiro chonsecho popanda mipata ndikumira pansi mpaka masentimita asanu.
Apple Berkutovskoe ali ndi ubwino wambiri. Chimodzi mwa malingaliro ake okongola adzakulimbikitsani ndi kukupatsani chilakolako chanu.
M'miyezi yozizira, pamene masitolo angapereke makasitomala zipatso zokhazokha zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi khalidwe, zipatso zomwe zimakula pamtunda wathu zimapereka thupi ndi mavitamini.
Bzalani mtengo wokongola uwu, ndi wolimba, wosavuta kusunga ndikupatsa mbewu zambiri.
