Mphesa amakula ndi munthu kuyambira nthawi yamakedzana.
Kuswana kwa chikhalidwe ichi kunayamba ngakhale zaka 5000 BC. er ku Mesopotamia ndi ku Egypt.
Tsopano chikhalidwe chiri ndi mitundu yambiri, ndipo pakati pawo mitundu ya mphesa "Veles".
Ndi za iye zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi. Tidzatha kumvetsetsa zochitika zosiyanasiyanazi, kudziwa mbiri yake, kupeza momwe matendawa amachitira komanso zomwe zimasamala.
Mbiri yobereka
Wotchuka wotchuka V.V. Zagorulko, amene amakhala ku Ukraine ku Zaporozhye, akudutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Sofia ndi Rusbol, anapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamphesa yopanda mbewu.
Kwa nthawi yaitali obereketsa anafuna kupanga mitundu ndi mbewu zopanda kanthu. "Veles" ndi imodzi mwa iwo.
Dzanja la wofanana yemweyo ndi wa Asya, Ruta ndi Vodogray.
Chaka cha kulenga mphesa ichi chinadziwika ndi nyengo yachilendo, ndipo chiŵerengero cha maluwa ambiri chinakula ngakhale mu mitundu yonse yopanda mbewu. "Veles" inapatsidwa gawo lachinayi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha mankhwala oposa 14 mg.
Fotokozani mitundu Veles
"Veles" amatanthauza kalasi ya mbeu yopanda madzi osakanizidwa oyambirira, osati masiku oposa 100. Zina mwa mitundu yopanda mbewu imadziwikanso kuti ndizoyambirira zopanda mbewu, mfiti zalawi ndi Russian korinka.
Maluwa a Pink Muscat, a zoumba vinyo Veles, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito popangidwa ndi timadziti ndi vinyo.
Fomu yamakina yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, kuyambira -18 ° C mpaka -21 ° C.
Kuwonekera kwa mphesa
Magulu a zosiyanasiyana ameneŵa amasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi komanso kukula kwakukulu. Gulu limodzi likhoza kukhala ndi makilogalamu 3 olemera. Maonekedwe a maburashi ndi conical kapena cylindrical. Imatha kufika pafupifupi masentimita 18 m'litali ndi masentimita 13 m'lifupi.
Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zowirira, zokongola za pinki, ndi mthunzi wa amber. Zikuwonekera moonekera, zokongola kwambiri, zolemera mpaka 5 magalamu.
Nunkhira ya chipatso ndi manotsi a nutmeg. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mbewu, zamkati ndi zokoma kwambiri komanso zowuma. Khunguli silikumveka ndipo siliwoneka ngati likugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mphesa yakucha ndi yabwino kwambiri, pafupifupi kutalika kwa mphukira.
Pakati pa mwezi wa Oktoba, ana opeza omwe ali pamtunda, amatha kubzala mbewu zina.
Zizindikiro
Mphesa "Veles" imakhala yolimba, ngakhale zaka zachitsamba. Maluwa a zosiyanazi ndizogonana, zomwe zikutanthauza kudzipitsa pokha popanda thandizo la njuchi. Kukhalapo kwa maluwa a mtundu uwu kumawonjezera mwayi wa zipatso zokhazikika ndi zokolola. Moldova, Count of Monte Cristo ndi Galben Nou amadziwikanso ndi maluwa awiri.
Ngakhale ali ndi mphamvu yokhala ndi mungu, zowonjezerapo zowonjezera ovary zimabweretsa zokolola ndi 20%.
Maluwa ali ndi zokolola zambiri komanso amatha kukula bwino. Ndi nyengo yabwino komanso chifukwa cha mbewu yachiwiri, kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kuchotsedwa ku 6 kg wa zipatso zakupsa. Ndipo mwa chisamaliro choyenera, manambala akhoza kukhala aakulu kwambiri. Kwa chaka mpesa wa zosiyanasiyana akhoza kupanga mpaka 36 masamba.
Zokolola zabwino zikuwonetsedwanso ndi Chikumbutso cha Kherson Wokhalamo Chilimwe, Rkatsiteli ndi Mphatso ya Magarach.
Zosiyanasiyana zimatanthauza kukula msinkhu. Kulima kumadera a Central Russia ndi dera la Moscow, izi zosiyanasiyana ndi zabwino, monga zipatso za zipatso zimafika nyengo isanafike. Kukolola kotheka kumayambiriro kwa August.
"Veles", monga mitundu yambiri, silingalekerere mvula yambiri ndi chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka. Zikakhala choncho, zipatsozo zimawonongeka ndipo maonekedwewo amawonongeka. Koma m'nyengo yozizira, masango obiriwira amakhala pamtunda kwa miyezi 1.5, popanda kugwa ndi kusanduka zoumba.
Kutentha kwa chisanu cha mphesa "Veles" kumakhala pafupifupi msinkhu wa ntchito pakati pa mitundu ina. Impso zimatha kulimbana ndi chisanu mpaka -21 ° C. Kwa nyengo yozizira, akulimbikitsanso kuti aziphimba mphesa mothandizidwa ndi makina a mafilimu. Great frost kukana akhoza kudzitamandira mitundu Arched, Kukongola kwa Kumpoto ndi Super Extra.
Malinga ndi ndemanga za odziwa bwino vinyo, a impso omwe amakhala m'misasa kotero sazimitsa ngakhale kutentha.
Ku Simferopol mu 2010, "Veles" adapatsidwa ndondomeko ziwiri za golidi mu mpikisanowu "Golden Grape".
Chithunzi
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Mphesa yamphesa imadalira kwambiri kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi malo abwino.
Mukamabzala, nkofunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo ku mphepo yakumpoto komanso kuwona kwa dzuwa tsiku lonse. Koposa zonse, khoma la nyumba kapena mpanda lidzayang'anizana ndi ntchitoyi.
Pofuna kupeŵa kuwonongeka ndi kuphulika kwa zipatso, dothi sayenera kukhala dzombe. Chofunika kwambiri chochemera mchenga ndi kuwonjezera kwa nthaka yakuda.
Mtunda pakati pa tchire sayenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 mamita. Ngati kukwera kumapangidwira pakhoma la nyumbayo, ndiye kuti pakati pa khoma ndi chitsamba muyenera kutaya makilomita 1.
Kuthirira chitsamba sikungakhoze kuchitidwa nthawi zambiri, koma pa nyengo yokula, kufalikira maluwa ndi kutsanulira zipatso kuthirira ayenera kupatsidwa chidwi chapadera.
Kudulira mphesa kumabala, kuchotsa mabowo 6-8. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukuziphimba m'nyengo yozizira ndi filimu imene muyenera kutsanulira mulch.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Veles ndi zosiyana siyana zomwe zagwedezeka posachedwapa, ndipo chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zosiyana siyana za matenda a fungalesi sizinaphunzirepo.
Koma zimatsimikiziridwa kuti chitetezo cha mildew ndi oidium mu zosiyanasiyana ndi chapamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi 3.5-4 mfundo.
Pofuna kuteteza matenda a tchire, kupopera mankhwala kumaphatikiza katatu panthawi ya kusasitsa. Kwa zotsatira zabwino, kupopera mankhwala ndi mankhwala a herbicides ayenera kusankhidwa makamaka pa mtundu uliwonse wa matenda.
Kuteteza motsutsana ndi mbalame ndi misozi, zimalimbikitsa kubisa masango m'mapangidwe apadera, omwe angathe kugula m'masitolo apadera.
"Veles" - mphesa zomwe sizikunama pa msika ndi pa masalonda a masitolo. Chiwerengero pakati pa ogula, iye adathokoza chifukwa cha maonekedwe abwino, transportability, komanso kuthekera kuti asatayike ngakhale atakhala ndi nthawi yaitali yosungirako.
