Momwe mungapangire nkhuku: Malangizo omanga "nyumba zazikulu za nkhuku"

Kanyumba ndi malo abwino kopumira, komanso chifukwa chachikulu chosinthira zochita. Sizachabe kuti makonzedwe anyumba yachilimwe komanso kulima zokongoletsera komanso maluwa achikhalidwe tsopano akhala ntchito yotchuka kwa nzika. Komabe, lero omwe ati apange nkhuku popanga dzikolo ndi manja awo sizadabwitsa aliyense. Komanso, eni ake achangu amasankha nyumba zolimba. Ngati mumanga nyumba yokulirapo pang'ono kuposa khola lankhondo, mbalame zimadwala kapena kudya zakudya zopanda pake. Mazira abwino ngati amenewa mwachilengedwe ndiye kuti sayenera kuyembekezeredwa. Tiyeni tiwone zinsinsi za zomanga zolimba.

Kusankha malo omanga mtsogolo

Kuti mudziwe momwe mungapangire nkhuku kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo, muyenera kugawa malo oti amange. Kapangidwe ka nyumbayo kumadalira kwenikweni nyumba yomwe ili. Pali mfundo zofunika kuzitsatira posankha:

Malo. Nyumbayo iyenera kuyikidwa paphiri, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuyenda m'malo otsika a mbalame: mumalo oterowo pomwe chinyezi sichitha nthawi yayitali, ndipo chipale chofewa chimasungunuka mochedwa.
Zimayang'ana nyumbayo. Kuphatikizika kwa nkhuku kuyenera kuzolowera moyenera ku mfundo zazakale. Kapangidwe kamakona kumakhala motalikirapo kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo. Kuyika nyumbayo moyenera kumakhala nthawi yomwe mawindo ake akuyang'ana kumwera ndi khomo lakum'mawa. Mawindo ayenera kuwunika kwambiri masana. Kutalika kwakanthawi masana kumakhudza kwambiri kuyika kwa nkhuku. Komabe, pakuwotcha pazenera kuyenera kukhala kwamtambo.
Kutentha. Kwa nkhuku, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika kwambiri kumakhala kosalimbikitsa. Pofika pano +25 ° C, kuchuluka kwa mbalameyo kumachepera theka, ndipo kutentha kukakwezeka wina madigiri 5, nkhukuzi zimaleka kuthamanga konse. Pakatentha, mawindo a nkhuku zophimba ayenera kukhala ndi zotsekera plywood. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwakukulu ndi +12 C °.
Mtendere. Ana agalu ayenera kumva kuti ali omasuka, chifukwa kuti nkhuku zibwere, muyenera kusankha malo kutali ndi malo akunja. Kuteteza nkhuku nkhuku ndi hedges ndi lingaliro labwino.
Dera. Malowa ayenera kusankhidwa poganizira kukula kwa mawonekedwe amtsogolo. Pa 1 m² malo amalo a nkhuku sayenera kupitirira nkhuku ziwiri. Ngati nkhuku imakhala mumkhukumo nthawi ya nkhuku nthawi yozizira, ndikofunikira kupereka chotsekeramo ngati chinthu chothandiza kutenthetsa nkhuku kuti mpweya wozizira usalowe mu mbalamezo. Pa vetibule, mukufunikanso kutenga malo mu zomangamanga.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti asankhe malo okhala ndi malo okhala pansi kuti angachitike mwamwayi poberekera eni nkhuku kuti apange, mwachitsanzo, famu ya zinziri. Kupatula apo, famu yotereyi ndi gwero labwino kwambiri lopanda ndalama zowonjezera, koma ndalama zonse.

Nthawi zambiri nkhuku imayamba kutchedwa kuti malo owonongeka, koma ngati mutayang'anitsitsa nyumbayi, mutha kuipangitsa kuti ikhale yokongola, ndiye kuti sizivuta kupeza malo ake

Kuti mukhale wathanzi, nkhuku zimayenera kukhala ndi malo oyendamo, kotero kuti nkhuku zotere zokhala ndi chotupa ndizopambana bwino.

Kodi timange nyumba yankhuku?

Tikuvomereza pasadakhale kuti tisankhe mtengo wozungulira mbali zonse 100x150 mm ngati zinthu zomangira nkhuku yathu. Iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo ndipo kumanga zinthu zotere sikutanthauza kuti munthu akhale katswiri.

Gawo # 1 - kusankha ndikumanga maziko

Sankhani kukula kwa ntchito yomwe ikubwera. Ndikwabwino kujambula pulojekiti kuti mutha kudziwa molondola kufunika kwa zida. Kuchokera kulemera pafupifupi kwa nkhuku, tithandizabe, kudziwa maziko.

Katemera wapa nkhuku pamaziko ake amawoneka otetezeka, aukhondo komanso ophatikizika, ngakhale kuti chilichonse chofunikira chimaperekedwa

Njira yabwino yopangira nkhuku yocheperako ingaganizidwe ngati maziko. Chifukwa chiyani?

Phindu lachuma. Mabatani akale a njerwa amakhala otsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo ngati mukufuna, mutha kuchita ndi mwala wamba. Simenti, mchenga, miyala komanso trowel - awa ndiye mtengo wake woyambira maziko.
Chitetezo. Kukhala kovuta kwa makoswe ndi zonyansa kulowa m'chipindacho, komanso mpweya wabwino pansi ukhoza kupangitsa kuti nkhuni zisawonongeke.

Tidzayala maziko pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zopyapyala koma zolimba ndi zitsulo. Mogwirizana ndi polojekitiyi, m'mbali mwa nyumbayi timakhazikitsa ndodo. Timawakongoletsa ndi chingwe, kuchiyika pafupi ndi nthaka. Timayang'ana kulondola kwa njira yomwe tayesedwa ndi kuyeza mtunda wa diagonal ndi muyezo wamba wamatepi.

Timachotsa dothi labwino la 15-20 cm mkati mwake: ndilothandiza m'mundamo. Tsopano m'makona a nyumbayo komanso poyandikira mzere wake tikupanga miyala yoyeserera. Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala 0,8-1 m. Dzombe la dzenjelo ndi 60-70 cm mwakuya ndi 50 cm mulifupi (kwa njerwa ziwiri). Pogwiritsa ntchito mulingo wa hydraulic ndi zingwe, ikani 20-25 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka - kalozera wopangira maziko.

Maziko ndioyenera kwambiri pomanga nkhuku pamalopo, popeza ndiyothandiza pachuma ndipo pomangapo adzatetezedwa ku zowola ndi zowononga

Thirani mchenga ndi miyala yotalika masentimita 10 pansi pa dzenje. Ikani njerwa ziwiri zoyambira pansi pa dzenjelo, ikani matope a simenti osakanikirana ndi iwo pamlingo wa 1: 3. Njerwa ziwiri zotsatirazi zimayikidwa pamitengo ina yapitayo. Chifukwa chake mwala wopindika uyenera kuyikika pamlingo womwe uli ndi zingwe. Matope simenti azithandizira kukonza nduna ndendende.

Pomanga, kupumula kwaukadaulo kumachitika masiku 5-7, kuti yankho likhale ndi mwayi wogwira. Pambuyo pa izi, mzati womalizidwa amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi mastic yapadera yoteteza kapena phula losavuta. Makola akulu ayenera kutsanuliridwa pakati pazoyala ndi pansi. Zimaphimbiranso pansi mkati mwa nyumbayo.

Gawo # 2 - zomanga makoma a nyumbayo

Pakupanga mtengo, padakhala ukadaulo wapamwamba, womwe muyenera kutsatira. Monga chofunda cha korona woyamba kuchokera pazoyambira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe awiri a padenga. Malekezero a matabwa akuyenera kulumikizidwa pakati pa mitengo. Monga chipika cha pansi timagwiritsa ntchito bala 100x150mm, yokhazikika pa nthiti. Mtunda woyenera pakati pa mitengo ndi masamba 50. Titseka mipata ndi zomata zamatabwa.

Makoma a nyumbayo amamangidwa ndi kuyikapo thabwa polumikizirana ndi makona a nyumbayo kukhala njira yayikulu yopangira "poyambira"

Korona zachiwiri, zachitatu komanso zotsatirazi pamakona ndizolumikizidwa ndi kachitidwe ka spike-poyambira. Monga chosindikizira polumikizira nyumba yachifumu komanso pakati pa akorona, fiber ya jakisi ya fulakesi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mtengo womwe nkhuku imayikiramo umakhala ndi chinyezi chachilengedwe, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zikhomo zamatabwa kuti mufikire korona wodalirika.

Kukhalapo kwawo kudzateteza blockhouse kuti isasokonekera pambuyo pa shrinkage. Pansi pa zikhomo, muyenera kupanga mabowo mumakona a nyumbayo ndikuzungulira mzere kudutsa mita kapena theka. Amapangidwa ndi matabwa akuya a 2.5 komanso mawonekedwe a cheke. Nyundo mu nkhuni iyenera kukhala "yosalala" pafupifupi masentimita 7. Kutalika kocheperako kwa makhoma kuti azimangidwe kuyenera kukhala 1.8 m. Kenako, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa matanda a denga, kukhazikitsa zipilala ndikuyika denga.

Gawo # 3 - denga ndi denga la nkhuku

Mutha kupanga padenga la nkhuku kukhala yokhomeka, koma mamangidwe owumbidwa kawiri ndi kusankha kwa anthu amaso. Chakudya ndi zida ziyenera kusungidwa kwina. Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito chipinda chofewa komanso chowuma mucholinga ichi?

Zachidziwikire, padenga la nyumbayo ndibwino kuti mupange gable, ndiye kuti chakudya, ndi zida, komanso zipatso za phulusa laphiri lomwe lidayesedwa nthawi yachisanu kuti nkhuku zizikhala zolimba

Timalimbitsa matope a denga, kuyika denga ndi mabatani aliwonse ndikuwatsimikizira. Kutulutsira mtengo kwa ma roll kungasinthidwe ndi dongo kapena slag yowonjezera. Mpaka nthawi yotentha, muyenera kusamalira mpweya wabwino wa chipindacho. Kuti muchite izi, ikani ndodo ziwiri zapa mpweya wabwino. Tikuzikonza kumapeto kwanyumbayo. Kumalekezero amphepete mwa mpweya ndi kutenthetsa, ndipo mbali ina pafupifupi 40 cm pansi pake. Zingwe zokulira pama payipi amkati zothandizira zimathandizira kuyang'anira kutentha m'chipindacho.

Gawo # 4 - timagona ndikutentha pansi

Kuzizira ndi kuwomba pansi kuyenera kupewedwa. Chifukwa chake, pansi pawiri pamatha kuonedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Poterepa, tidzagwiritsa ntchito bolodi 25 mm. Pansi panthaka pamafunika kuti pakhale matabwa osapsa. Cholepheretsa nthunzi chimayikidwa pamatabwa, kenako 100x100mm mipiringidzo. Mpata pakati pa mipiringidzo umadzaza ndikuyika, kenako titagona pansi yomalizira.

Ngati bolodi iliyonse itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa denga, ndiye kuti kusunga pansi ndikofunikira pokhazikitsa pansi: kutsiriziraku kuyenera kuchitika kuchokera pagululo

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupanga zopanga mpweya wabwino pansi, zomwe zimatseka mwamphamvu nthawi yachisanu, ndipo nthawi yotentha mutha kukhazikitsa grille pa iwo.

Kukonzekeretsa mkati mwa nyumbayo

Nanga, momwe mungapangire nkhuku yodalirika komanso yotentha, yomwe tidaganizira, tsopano muyenera kukonza bwino chipindacho. Ngati tirikulankhula za zofunikira za kapangidwe kake ka nkhuku, ndiye kuti imodzi yokha ya iyo ndi.

Mukamawerengera kufunika kwa maonekedwe, muyenera kudziwa kuti mbalame iliyonse idzafunika pafupifupi 30 cm. Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu okhala nkhuku zokhala ndi nkhuku, timawerengera kuchuluka kwa kufunika kwa mitengo. Ndikwabwino kuwapanga kuchokera kumapangidwe amakona 40x60 mm. Mitengo iyenera kuzunguliridwa, apo ayi ivulaza mbalame. Zidikha ziyenera kuyikidwirana kutali kwa 50cm masentimita 60 kuchokera pansi, koma osati imodzi pamwamba pa inayo. Matchera omwe amaikidwa pansi pa polojekiti amathandizira kukonza nkhuku.

Kukhazikitsa bwino nkhuku kuchokera pansi kuti sikofunikira kwenikweni monga kuonetsetsa kuti ikhoza kumangidwa bwino: nkhuku zimafunikira malowa, mbale zomwera, chakudya, malo okhala

Malo ogona nkhuku amayenera kupezeka mgawo la nkhuku pomwe nkhuku zimatha kupuma komanso kukhala motetezeka.

Musaiwale kuti timalipira nkhuku kuwumba nkhuku, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kuwapatsa zonse zofunika kuti azitha kuyikira mazira. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuwapangira iwo mabokosi okhala ndi utuchi komwe nkhuku zimva mtendere ndi chitetezo.

Kudyetsa zidebe ndi mbale zomwera ziyenera kudzazidwa, zoyera ndikukweza. Ukhondo ndi dongosolo mu nkhuku ya nkhuku zitha kukhala zosavuta ngati pansi lakutidwa ndi utuchi kapena udzu. Potsikira pansi kumathandizanso kuyeretsa. Kwa nyengo yozizira, kutolako kumatha kukhala kosakanikirana ndi ubweya wa mchere ndi polystyrene.