Mpaka posachedwa, kulima mphesa, chifukwa cha kutentha kwake, kutentha ndi kuunika, kunkaonedwa ngati mwayi wapadera kumadera akum'mwera.
Koma, chifukwa cha kuyesera kwa obereketsa, mitundu yambiri yochititsa chidwi yowonekera tsopano yomwe ikhoza kukula bwino ndi kubala chipatso mu malo ozizira, kuphatikizapo "Svetlana", kumakhala ndi kukoma kokoma, kukana kutentha ndi matenda. Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za mitundu ya mphesa "Svetlana" pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi ndi gulu liti?
Mphesa "Svetlana" (dzina lina la FVR-7-9, I-8-7-9) ndilo gulu la mitundu yoyera ya tebulo ndi nthawi yoyamba kapena yapakati yakucha, kuyambira masiku 117 mpaka 125.
Pakati pa mitundu yoyera magome yotchuka ndiwonso okondwa White, Amethyst Novocherkassky ndi Amirkhan.
Akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano. Ili ndi mauthenga abwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa magulu akuluakulu, okongola, kukoma kokoma ndi fungo.
Ili ndi minofu yambiri, yowutsa mudyo yokhala ndi khungu lodziŵika bwino lomwe limawoneka mosavuta. Kulakwanira kuli koyenera, zogwirizana, ndi zolembera za nutmeg. Kutengera ndi kusunga khalidwe ndi zabwino.
Chifukwa cha maluwa omwe amagwira ntchito, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe idabzalidwe bwino imayikidwa pafupi ndi mitundu ndi maluwa okwatirana omwe amamera panthawi yomweyo.
Maluwa achikazi amakhalanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Red Delight, Mfumu ndi Ruta.
Kuwonekera kwa mphesa
Mu maonekedwe, zipatso za mphesa za Svetlana zimakumbukira za Kesh (Zisakasa) zosiyanasiyana.
Ukulu wa Cluster - lalikulu kwambiri, kulemera kwapakati pa 800 mpaka 1200 g. Chimwemwe, Merlot ndi Bazhen akhoza kudzitama ndi magulu akuluakulu ofanana.
Kusakanikirana ndikulingalira. Chithunzicho chikugwirizana. Ngakhale, malingana ndi chisamaliro ndi kukula kwake, masango sangakhale opanda pake. Zipatso - kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwake.
Kawirikawiri, mtengo wawo uli pafupifupi 35 x 31 mm, kulemera - kuchokera pa 14 mpaka 16 g. Mtundu - woyera. Chiwerengero cha mbewu mu zipatso zazikulu - kuyambira 1 mpaka 3. Mbewu zazing'ono za zipatso zikusowa.
Ili ndi shuga yapamwamba yokhala ndi 17-23% ndi asidi otsika kwambiri (6-8 g / l). Chitetezo cha mbeu pa tchire - pamwamba. Pafupi ndi autumn, mphesa zipatso ali pang'ono machiritsidwa, popanda kutaya kukoma kwawo.
Bianca, Aladdin ndi King Ruby akhoza kudzitamandira chifukwa cha shuga yawo yaikulu.
Akulozera mitundu yolimba, ndi rooting ya mphukira. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa masango ndi zipatso, zikhoza kukhala ndi katundu wambiri panthawi ya fruiting, choncho, ayenera kuchotsedwa pang'ono.
Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino Mphesa ya Svetlana yokhala ndi zipatso zokongola, zazikulu zokhazikika, zokometsera zabwino ndi zotengera bwino, chifukwa zimapanga kugwiritsa ntchito zochepetsera (5-7 maso).
Chithunzi
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mphesa "Svetlana" unabzalidwa mu VNIIVIV iwo. Ya.I. Potapenko, m'chigawo cha Rostov, Novocherkassk.
Mitundu ya Talisman ndi Rusbol imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a kukonzekera kwake. Wolemba zofalitsazo ndi wofalitsa wina wa ku Russia, Svetlana Ivanovna Krasokhina, wofufuza kafukufuku wa laboratories ku breeding Institute.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ya makolo, mabala osiyanasiyana a mphesa ali ndi zambiri kucha kwa nthawi yochepa (Masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi m'mbuyomo kuposa Chilombo).
Kum'kati kwa Russia kumayamba kuphulika mu August 15-20. Panopa kulima ku Russia, komanso m'minda ya mpesa ya Ukraine ndi Belarus.
Mu bungwe lofufuza za sayansi monga Vityaz, Demeter ndi Ilya adawonekera.
Fotokozani mitundu Svetlana
Kusiyanasiyana kuli pakati olimba, chisanu chopingaamatha kupirira kutentha kwapakati kufika madigiri -25.
Imodzi mwa ubwino wa mphesa iyi ndi zokolola zake zabwino. Chiwerengero cha mphukira zowonjezera pamtunda nthawi zambiri chimakhala 90%. Chiwerengero cha magulu pa kuthawa kumachokera ku 1.5 mpaka 1.8 ma PC.
Zokolola zapamwamba zimasonyezanso ndi Chikumbutso cha Kherson Wokhala Mchilimwe, Rkatsiteli ndi Mphatso ya Magarach.
Monga lamulo, 2 inflorescences amakula pa mphukira, ngakhale nthawizina nambala yawo ikuwonjezeka ku zidutswa zitatu. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi imvi zowola ndi mildew.
Osadandaula za nthaka, zosavuta mu teknoloji yaulimi. Kufunika kochiza matenda opatsirana: 1 - 2 nthawi pa nyengo. Amakula bwino ndi masitima. Kuwunikira mwatsopano ku mphesa: 8.3 mfundo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ngakhale kuti kulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal ndi mabakiteriya, mitundu ya mphesa ya Svetlana imayenera kutenga njira zoteteza pofuna kutetezera ku zinthu zoipa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, monga matenda ndi tizilombo toononga tizilombo. Mwa "adani" ake akulu ndi awa:
- Kangaude miteKuswana mofulumira mu nyengo ya nyengo yowuma kwambiri. Zotsatira zake: tsamba loyamba likugwa, kulepheretsa kukolola kwa zipatso ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mpesa, zomwe zingayambitse imfa ya chomera m'nyengo yozizira.
Njira zovuta: 0.2% yankho la mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Fozalon" kapena "Rogor", lomwe liyenera kuthana ndi chitsamba panthawi yoyamba. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala: kamodzi pa masabata awiri.
- Mphesa yamphesa, "kutsutsa" mphukira zazing'ono za mphesa m'chaka. Chizindikiro cha maonekedwe a tizilombo tingakhale maonekedwe a maluwa oyera ndi kusweka kwa masamba.
Njira zovuta: Processing "Nitraphone" mutachotsa chivundikirocho. Pezani mphukira zazing'ono, kenaka muzitsuka ndi mankhwala a sulfure. Ndi kotheka kuti mankhwala opopera mankhwala amatulutsa "Omayt", "Aktellik" ndi "Talstar".
- Phylloxera. Ndizoopsa kwa masamba ndi mizu ya zomera. Pachiyambi choyamba, ziphuphu ndi mphutsi zimawoneka kumbuyo kwa masamba, kenako zimayamba kuvunda. Kuwoneka kwa phylloxera ya mtundu wa mizu kumabweretsa kufulumira imfa ya mphesa chifukwa cha kubereka kwa tizilombo pa mizu yake, kuyamwa timadzi timene timapereka kuchokera kwa iyo.
Njira zovuta: Ngati chitsamba chikuwonongeka kwambiri (kuposa 75%), chiyenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati masamba ochepa awonongeka, ayenera kuthyoledwa ndi kuwotchedwa. Kukonzekera kukonza: "Aktellik", "Fozalon" ndi "Confidor".
Kaŵirikaŵiri, kuopsa kokolola mphesa kumabweretsedwa madonthoKomabe, ngati ali ndi nthumwi zosiyanasiyanazi, sakhala nazo chidwi. Kuwonjezera apo, "Svetlana" sagonjetsedwa ndi zochitika za matenda owopsa ngati a mphesa monga imvi yovunda ndi mildew.
Mu mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa mphesa ndi kukonzekera kosiyana, ayenera kusinthasintha, popeza tizirombo ndi matenda onse akhoza kuwongolera. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachepetsedwa kukhala zero.
M'pofunikanso kuteteza nthawi yowononga anthracnosis, bacteriosis, chlorosis, rubella ndi kansa ya bakiteriya.
Mwachidule, ndi njira zabwino zaulimi, chisamaliro chokhazikika ndi chosamalitsa, mphesa za Svetlana zingapereke zokolola zabwino pamene zikukula m'madera otentha.
Pokhala oleza mtima pang'ono ndikuwerenga mabuku ofunikira, chomera chodabwitsachi chokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu, zonunkhira ndi chokoma chingawonjezeke pamunda wam'mudzi ndikulandira kuchokera kwacho chisangalalo chachikulu ndi zosangalatsa.
