Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene tsiku liyamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, nkhuku zimasonyeza zizindikiro zoyambirira za makhalidwe okhwima.
Zimakula pang'onopang'ono, choncho mlimi ayenera kukhazikitsa nyerere ku henhouse kumene nkhuku zidzaika mazira. Koma momwe mungasamalire bwino ndi kusunga izo?
Mazira a nkhuku amatenga malo apadera pa zakudya zaumunthu, choncho obereketsa nthawi zonse amachita ntchito yosankhidwa posankha nkhuku zabwino kwambiri kuti apeze mazira ambiri.
Nkhokwe zina zimakonda kubzala nkhuku m'munda wamapiri, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kupeŵa mazira, chifukwa mbalame sizichita mwamsanga m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndicho chifukwa chake pali vuto la kusungira mazira kwa nthawi yayitali, yomwe imayambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kufikira nyengo yozizira.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji mazira a nkhuku?
Mazira omwe nkhuku zowonongeka zimakhala zoyera mwamsanga atangoyamba kuoneka chisa, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa pang'onopang'ono.
Dzira limene langoyikidwa kumene liri ndi kutentha komweko monga thupi la nkhuku, kotero ndizotentha kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono zimakhala zowonongeka komanso zomwe zili mkati zimachepetsa voliyumu. Pamapeto pake a dzira, malo ambiri a pores alipo, mpweya umayamba.
Pamodzi ndi izo, mabakiteriya amalowa mu dzira, zomwe ziri zoyenera kukhalapo mu dzira. Ndondomeko ya kuphulika kwa mabakiteriya imachitika patangopita maola ochepa atatha dzira. Chifukwa cha izi, zisazi zimafunika kukhalabe aukhondo kwambiri.
Mazira akhoza kusungidwa bwino kwa masiku asanu. Mazira awa a mazira a nkhuku sangakhudze thanzi labwino, komanso nkhuku za nkhuku.
Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mazira amadya kwambiri masiku atatu atagona, popeza dzira liyenera kukolola.
Amakhulupirira kuti panthaŵi imeneyi kukoma kwa yolk kumakhala kosangalatsa ndipo kumayamba kufanana ndi mtedza. Ngati mazira awasungidwa nthawi yayitali, zida za anapiye zidzayamba kuchepa ndi 2 kapena 4%.
Kusonkhanitsa
Mazira a nkhuku amasonkhanitsidwa kawiri patsiku.
Nthawi yoyamba imapezeka m'mawa, pamene akudyetsa mbalame, komanso yachiwiri - madzulo. Izi zimapangitsa mwiniweta kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mazira olavulira ndi kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolocho.
Ndi bwino kusonkhanitsa mazira ndi manja oyera.kotero kuti palibe tizilombo tingathe kukhazikitsa zomwe zili mkati mwake.
Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo, mazira amatengedwa ndi zala ziwiri zokhazokha. Ngati dzira limatengedwa ndi dzanja lonse, chipolopolo chofewa chomwe chimateteza dzira kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chidzachotsedwa, zomwe zingapangitse mwayi wa mabakiteriya kulowa mkati.
Chakudya
Zimakhala zosavuta kusunga mazira kudya kusiyana ndi kudula mazira. Zokwanira kuziika mu chidebe choyera pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 0 ° C. Asanayambe kugona mufiriji, mazira amachotsedwa mosamala kuchokera ku dothi ndi nthendayi, chifukwa zowonongeka kwambiri zimayamba kuwonjezereka mwamsanga.
Posankha mazira kudya muyenera kufufuza mosamala. Sitiyenera kuwonongeka. Mazira a nkhuku oyenera kwambiri sayenera kutsukidwa pansi pa madzi, monga momwe filimuyi imatetezera dzira kuchokera ku mabakiteriya.
Kusakanizidwa
Mazira a makulitsidwe amafunika malo osungirako apadera, chifukwa pa nthawi yaitali kutetezedwa pali njira yosasinthika ya ukalamba, zomwe zingasokoneze nkhuku zazing'ono.
Kuchuluka kwa dzira loyera ndi yolk kunachepetsedwa chifukwa cha yogwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi mwa chinyezi mwa mazira a dzira.
Mlingo wa madzi otuluka m'madzi umadalira mvula yambiri ndi kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindamo, komanso maonekedwe a mazira.
Madzi amadziwika mofulumira, zomwe zimachititsa kuti mlengalenga chiwongolero chiwonjezere mphamvu yake, ndipo dzira limakhala laling'ono. Pakati pa mchere wochulukirapo, umakula, womwe umachepetsa mwayi wobereka nkhuku.
Kuti asunge chinyezi mu dzira, ayenera kusungidwa m'chipinda kutentha kwa mpweya sikukwera 18 ° C. Kutentha kwachibale sikuyenera kukhala oposa 80%.
Chilengedwe cha microclimate
Mwachilengedwe zimakhala zovuta kupanga kachilombo kabwino ka tizilombo toyamwa.
Pachifukwachi tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwachangu m'nyengo yozizira komanso kuzizira m'chilimwe.
Magetsi ndi magetsi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chowotcha, ndipo firiji yowonongeka kapena chophimba chopangidwa ndi mapaipi ndi yoyenera kuzirala. Ayenera kukhala ndi mgwirizano ndi mapulitsi kuti madzi ozizira akhoze kuthamangira mazira.
Kotero kuti kutentha kwa mpweya nthawizonse kumakhalabe pamtunda woyenera. amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino. Ngati palibe njira yotereyi, ndiye pansi pa malo omwe mazirawo akugona, timayika ta madzi.
Pankhaniyi, chinyezi cha mlengalenga chimayendetsedwa mosavuta ndi dera lalikulu la nthaka yomwe ikuuluka.
Chipinda
Ndibwino kusungira mazira othawa m'chipinda chodetsedwa ndi dongosolo lokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Ayenera kukhala okhazikika, ndipo mapeto awo amatha.
Ngati mazira asanalowe mu chofungatira adzagona masiku osachepera atatu, ndiye akuyenera kutembenuzidwa, mwinamwake yolk idzaphatika ku chipolopolo ndipo dzira lidzakhala losagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kutentha
Mwatsoka, zomwe zili mu dzira zimakhala zovuta kusintha kosasintha.
Ngati nkhukuyi ikufunikabe kuonjezera moyo wa mazira masiku 20, ziyenera kukhala motere: tsiku lililonse kwa maola awiri kuti awawotchere mu chofungatira pa 38.5 ° C.
Kutangotha kutentha, mazira otentha amachotsedwa m'chipindacho ndi otsika kutentha, kumene amasungidwa kawirikawiri.
Kutentha kwa mazira tsiku ndi tsiku kungatengedwe ndi kutentha kokha, komwe kumayenera kukhala maola asanu. Mazira osungunuka amakhalabe ndi makhalidwe kuyambira masiku 15 mpaka 20 mzere. Mwamwayi, ziweto zazing'ono zimatha kuchepa, choncho ndibwino kuti musachedwe kukonza makina.
Ozonation
Posachedwapa, m'mayiko a ku Europe komanso m'madera ena akuluakulu a nkhuku ku Russia, njira zothandizira ma ozoni zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera moyo wa alusi othawa.
Kuti muchite izi, mchipinda chomwe mazira akugona, khalani aang'ono jenereta ya ozoni, mwachitsanzo OV-1. Imawonetsera ma ozoni a 2-5 masentimita mamita. mg. Chomerachi chiyenera kukhala ndi ozonize mazira nthawi zonse kuti asataye katundu wawo.
Otsatsa okha amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapakhomo monga ozonizer, zomwe zingagulidwe m'masitolo aliwonse ndi zipangizo.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pamene munthu akhala m'chipinda momwe ozonizer amagwira ntchito, kuyimitsa uku kuyenera kutsekedwa, chifukwa kumakhala kovulaza thanzi.
Tara
Monga chidebe, komwe mungathe kuika mazira osungira, mabokosi oyenera, osiyana ndi matabwa ochepa kapena makatoni akuluakulu m'chipindacho, malingana ndi kukula kwa mazira.
Muyenera kuti dzira lisasunthidwe mu chipinda chake, chifukwa chikhoza kuonongeka panthawi yobwerera ndi kuyendetsa. Mu bokosili, mazira amaikidwa pamalo otsika ndi kumapeto kwake.
Kutumiza
Mazira a nkhuku ndi ovuta kwambiri kugwedezeka, choncho salola kulephera.
Chifukwa chaichi, nkhuku zonyamula nkhuku zowonongeka nthawi zonse zimakhala zochepa kusiyana ndi zizindikiro zomwe sizinatengedwe. Komanso, zida zimadalira ubwino wa phukusi ndi chikhulupiriro chabwino cha wogulitsa amene anagulitsa mazira.
Poyendetsa mazira amaika mu chidebe choyenera, kenaka amaika malo omwe kugwedezeka kudzakhala kochepa. Komanso, Muyenera kuika mazira kotero kuti atsimikizire momwe angathere kuchokera kutentha.
Kuti mutenge mazira, mwapang'onopang'ono muziwatenga ndi manja osambitsidwa ndi kukulunga mu keza yofewa. Danga pakati pa dzira lirilonse liri lodzaza ndi chilichonse chofewa.
Pambuyo pake, makatoni ovala ndi pulasitiki amaikidwa pa dzira, pomwe mazira otsatirawa amayikidwa. Mzere wothira mafuta nthawi zonse umaikidwa pakati pa zigawo za makatoni kuti mazira asaphule panthawi yopititsa.
Pambuyo podzaza chidebecho, chimbudzi china chimayikidwa pamwamba, kenako bokosilo likutsekedwa ndi chivindikiro komanso mwamphamvu womangidwa ndi chingwe.
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Pali njira zambiri zonyamulira mazira kuti aziyenda, koma mulimonsemo, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti panthawi yosungirako nthawi yaitali ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi womasuka.
Apo ayi, mazira amatha kuwonongeka. Kuti muchite izi, chidebe chotsitsa sitimayenera kutseka mwamphamvu. Nthawi zina mumayenera kupanga mabowo omwe amachititsa kuti mazira asinthe.
Ngati mazira omwe ali mu chidebe akugona mozungulira pa makina a makatoni, ndiye mutengapo bokosi kapena bokosi ayenera kuikidwa motero kuti malekezero ake a mazira akuyang'ana pansi.
Kuwonjezera apo, ndi zofunika kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwabwino, monga kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kungathe kuwononga mazira ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, zitsamba zokhala ndi mazira akuyenera kusungidwa kutentha kosadutsa 18 ° C.
Atangotenga mazira kumalowa, amayenera kuima maola 24 m'chipinda chodetsedwa kuti zomwe zili mkatizo zizikhazikika. Pambuyo pa mazira awa akhoza kuikidwa mu chofungatira.
Njira yabwino yosamutsira mazira ndikutengeka ndi madzi, chifukwa zomwe zilipo panthawiyi ndizovuta kugwedezeka. Analoledwanso kayendetsedwe ka ndege ndi sitima. Panjira zoyendetsa pamsewu, nthawi zambiri zimasokoneza zomwe zili m'mazira, kotero zimayenera kusamalidwa bwino kuti zisawonongeke imfa ya mazira pamavuto.
Kutsiliza
Choncho, malo odyetsera mazira kunyumba kuti akonze makina ndi zakudya siziyenera kupitirira milungu itatu. Pachifukwa ichi, malo osungirako bwino ayenera kuwonedwa, mwinamwake zomwe zili mu dzira sizidzakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo famu sidzalandira phindu loyenerera. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mazira tsiku lachitatu mutasweka.
