Momwe mungatenge mphukira kuchokera ku orchid: zosintha zina ndi zitsanzo kunyumba

Maluwa a orchid lero ndi otchuka kwambiri ndipo amafunafuna maluwa. Ndiwotsika mtengo, ndiye kuti mbewu zotere nthawi zambiri zimagulidwa ngati mphatso kwa abale ndi abwenzi. Orchids amasangalala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera pamashelefu asitolo, komanso m'masiku oyambira atagula. Kupitilira apo, maluwa nthawi zambiri amafa ngati sanapatsidwe chisamaliro choyenera, ndichifukwa chake ambiri amakana kugula mbewu zoterezi, koma pachabe. Ngati mutsatira malingaliro onse, mutha kuchita bwino pakubala kwawo ndikukongoletsa nyumba yonse ndi maluwa.

Zida zofunika kuzithandizira

Musanayambe njira yodzala mphukira kuchokera pa duwa la amayi, muyenera kukonzekera zida zonse zofunikira:

• mpeni, mitengo yodulira, kapena lumo yemwe amadula khandalo;
• mowa wokumba zida;
• madzi othirira;
• chidebe cha pulasitiki chomanga nyumba yobiriwira kapena mtsuko wagalasi;
• nthaka ndi ngalande zofunikira kubzala.

Orchid

Povu ya Polystyrene

Mumphika wokhala ndi maluwa otulutsa ma orchid, payenera kukhala madzi amkati omwe amachotsa chinyezi chambiri ndikupereka mizu ndi mpweya.

M'malo otaya ma orchid, thovu limakhala labwino. Ili ndi zambiri zabwino:

• osakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu;
• ali ndi kupepuka ndi mpweya;
• sichimva chinyezi.

Dziko lapansi

Dothi momwe ma phalaenopsis orchid adakonzedwa kuti libzalidwe ayenera kukhala chinyezi- komanso kupuma, wokhala ndi acidity yochepa komanso kusasinthasintha kwa zakudya.

Zofunikira zazikulu za dothi ndi: makungwa a paini, ulusi wa coconut, mizu ya fern (osapitirira 2 cm), nthaka yamasamba.

Gawo lomalizidwa litha kugulidwa kusitolo kapena kukonzekereratu:

1. Makungwa ndi mizu ya fern imafunikira kuwiritsa kwa mphindi 10-20, pambuyo pake zimasiyidwa kuti ziume.
2. Zinthu zonse zofunika zimasakanikirana chimodzimodzi.

Khungwa la paini

Khungwa la paini ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangidwira kubzala maluwa. Zimathandizira kupumula kwabwino, komanso zimakhala ndi chinyezi.

Muyenera kusankha mosamala kwambiri. Kukula kwa zidutswazo kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa masentimita 1. Fumbi labwinobwino kapena chopangidwa kuchokera ku makina osokonekera ndi peat sioyenera kulimidwa.

Palinso akatswiri otero omwe amati sphagnum moss iyenera kusakanikirana ndi khungwa. Izi ndizoyenera pakagwa nyengo. Ngati tikulankhula zakunyumba ndi chipinda chokhala ndi chinyezi, ndibwino kuti tisayambitse sphagnum.

Moss sphagnum

Zosochera zitha kuyikidwa pamwamba pa dothi. Izi zikuthandizani kuteteza mizu ya orchid yothina kuti isathirire komanso kuvala pamwamba.

Makala

Makala amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antiseptic komanso chosilira. Idzatenga chinyezi chochulukirapo chomwe ma dendrobium orchids sangathe kulolera.

Pakubzala, miyala yambiri yamalasha imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikwabwino kuti muwonjezere kunthaka pasadakhale, kwa milungu itatu. Gawo ili lipangidwe pafupifupi 3-5% ya osakaniza.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono opatsirana njirayi

Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa zambiri amamva funso kuti: amatenga mphukira kuchokera ku orchid ndipo amawoneka liti? Ana ake amapangidwira pa peduncle, chomera chisanathe. Komabe, nthawi zina zimatha kupezeka pachifuwa cha tsamba kapena thunthu pafupi ndi khosi la mizu.

Kuti ntchitoyi iyambe ndikukula bwino, iyenera kupatulidwa ndi duwa la mayi:

1. Mwanayo amatengedwa akakula masamba atatu ndi mizu imodzi kapena awiri kutalika kwa 5. cm. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti mwana pa tsinde pa tsinde amangokhala ndi masamba okha, koma samataya mizu. Kenako kukhudza sikofunikira. Mutha kumamatira kwa mwana wotereyu ndipo amakhala ndi mizu, koma njirayi sikugwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
2. Mwana akamakula pang'onopang'ono, amatha kuthandizidwa ndikuthandizira kukula. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani mosamala makatani kuchokera ku impso yamoyo, ndipo, mutamiza chovala cha thonje mumtundu wa cytokinin, chiikeni kwa mwana. Zokhazo zomwe zimachitika munjira imeneyi ndi maluwa athanzi komanso olimba a amayi.
3. Mukadula, zowonjezera kwa mphindi 30. chokani kuti ziume.
4. Malo odulidwa amathandizidwa ndi kaboni yophwanyika, ndipo ngati sichoncho, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito sinamoni.

Zosankha kunyumba

Kodi mungabzala bwanji maluwa kuchokera ku mphukira? Pali njira zingapo zolembera. Zomera zimatha kubzalidwa m'malo obiriwira okhala m'nthaka wamba, komanso miphika yokhala ndi dongo lokwanira. Dongo lokulitsa izi limapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera. Popanga, dongo lochotsedwa pamchere limatengedwa ndikuphika mu uvuni. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi monga:

• kuthekera kwa kudutsa madzi ndi mpweya bwino;
• kusowa kwa kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi kulephera kwakubwezerera ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi;
• moyo wautali wautumiki chifukwa sichikuvunda ndipo sichikuwola;
• maluwa a m'nthaka awa safuna kupatsika mphamvu.

Tikuchulukitsa dongo

Kuphatikiza pa zabwino zake, palinso zovuta zakunyumba zadothi zokulitsidwa:

• zimapangitsa kuti mphika ukhale wolemera, chifukwa chake suyenera kukula mbewu zazikulu;
• Kuchirikiza kwa duwa sikukhazikika bwino mmenemo;
• nthaka yotereyi sioyenera kuti nyumba zobiriwira.

Wowonjezera kutentha

Malo obiriwira amawoneka ngati njira yoyenera kwambiri yopangira mizu. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku zida zosiyanasiyana:

• galasi. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku zitini kapena m'madzi am'madzi. Zomerazi zimathandizira kuti pakhale chinyezi chambiri, motero zimakhala bwino ngati pakufunika kuyambiranso mmera ndikupanga mizu yake. Kuipa kwa kapangidwe koteroko ndikungoperewera kwa kuthekera kopanga mabowo popita kwa mpweya, chifukwa chomwe chiopsezo cha nkhungu;
• pulasitiki. Amapangidwa kuchokera muzakudya kapena mabotolo apulasitiki. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumkhalidwe uliwonse. Zofooka sizinadziwike;
• kanema. Kuti apange chimango, amatenga nkhuni, waya kapena pulasitiki, ndipo polyethylene imakokedwa pamwamba pake. Zambiri ndizofunikira kuti azidulira komanso kudula ana. Zoyipa za kapangidwe kake ndizovuta pakupanga, komanso chiopsezo chachikulu cha mbewu zotentha ngati kutentha kumakwera kunja.

Ngati tikulankhula za ana, ndiye kuti iwo ndi wamkulu amapezeka mu pulasitiki:

1. Pansi pa thanki ngalawa mabowo amapangidwa.
2. Mahatchi amapangidwanso pachikuto chomwe chidzadutsa mpweya.
3. Dongo kapena pulasitiki yowonjezera imayikidwamo, ndipo ana amabzalidwa pamwamba, yemwe mizu yake imakutidwa ndi gawo lapansi.
4. Kuzungulira njirazo ndikuyika moss-sphagnum ndikuphimba ana ndi chivindikiro.

Madzi amafunika kuthiridwa kuchokera kumtunda kuti athe kudutsa m'nthaka, ndipo sosiyayo imayikidwa kuchokera pansi, kuti mbande zitha kuyamwa madzi. Maluwa amathiridwa madzi pamene gawo lapansi lisauma. M'chilimwe, izi zimachitika makamaka katatu pa sabata, ndipo nthawi yozizira - zosaposa ziwiri.

Kubzala ndi kupanga mizu

Wamaluwa wopanda nzeru nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi funso: orchid amalola mwana kuti akhale pa tsinde, nditani? Inde, sangalalani ndikuyamba ntchito yopanga zokongola izi. Mphukira yotengedwa pamtengowo uyenera kubzala mu dothi lapadera la ma orchid, omwe angagulidwe m'sitolo kapena kukonzekera palokha.

Maluwa azitsamba zowonekera

Njira yoperekera ndi kuzika mizu ndi yosavuta:

1. Muyenera kusankha chida chaching'ono chowonekera.
2. Mabowo angapo amapangidwa mumphika wosankhidwa.
3. Mwanayo amaikidwa mumtsuko kuti khosi la mizu likhale m'mphepete mwa mphika.
4. Mizu yake imakhala yowongoka komanso yokutidwa ndi dothi.
5. Mphikawo ndi woyenera kugogoda pansi kuti ukhazikike. Simungasinthe nthaka, chifukwa mizu yake imatha kuwonongeka.

Kusamalira maluwa kwina

Ngati maluwa atamera pa tsinde, tazindikira kale momwe mungachitsitsire, tsopano tiyenera kuganiziranso za kusamalira mbande. Pali malamulo angapo ofunikira maluwa:

• nthaka ikadutsa madzi bwino;
• mphika uyenera kutengedwa bwino;
• kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi kutentha kwake kuyeneranso kuperekedwa;
• kuti midges isayambe mumphika, ikani chovala cha adyo mkati mwake;
• maola masana amawonjezeka mpaka maola 14

Kuthirira

Kuthilira maluwa a orchid kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, chifukwa chifukwa cha zochita zosayenera, mutha kuwononga mbewuyo mosavuta.

Pali njira zisanu zothirira orchid.

• Mothandizidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta. Madzi okhazikika ndi osasefedwawo amathiridwa m'mphepete mwa mphikawo ndikudikirira mpaka iye ali mumtsuko. Pambuyo pa izi, kutsirira kumayimitsidwa. Zoyipa za njirayi ndikuti mizu yonse ilibe nthawi yopeza madzi okwanira, omwe amadutsa m'nthaka mwachangu. Chinyezi chikukwanira mizu yotsika yokha, chifukwa amatha kuchidyetsa kuchokera ku sosi. Kusiya madzi nthawi zonse mulinso osavomerezeka. Chifukwa chinyezi zochulukirapo, mizu yakumunsi imawola ndipo kumtunda kumavutika ndi kusowa kwamadzi, ndipo chomera chimatha kuuma.

Kumiza Kutsirira

• Kumiza pamoto. Madzi a kutentha kwa chipinda amasonkhanitsidwa mum'chombo choyenera ndipo chovala chamaluwa chokhala ndi duwa chimayikiramo kuti madziwo asakafike kukhosi. Chomera chimasungidwa m'madzi pafupifupi mphindi 15. Ngati mugwirira duwa, ndiye kuti palibe chowopsa chomwe chiti chichitike, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti musaiwale za maluwa tsiku limodzi. Pankhaniyi, edema ya masamba imatha kuchitika yomwe singachitike. Amangoyenera kuchotsedwa.
• Osamba otentha. Zothirira zimaphatikizapo madzi, omwe sangatenthe chifukwa cha mkono wamkono. Maseti oterowo amachotsa fumbi kuchokera kuminda ndikutsatira mvula yotentha. Pambuyo posamba, maluwa a m'munda atatsala pang'ono kusamba, kenako mothandizidwa ndi ndodo, chinyontho chimachotsedwa pamalowo ndikukula kwa masamba, apo ayi ayamba kuvunda.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mphika. Amasankhidwa kotero kuti imakhala yotalika masentimita angapo. Izi zikuthandizira kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya. Madzi 2 cm okha ayenera kuthiridwa pansi pa mphika. Orchid amatenga chinyezi chofunikira chokha, ndipo osadandaula ndi momwe alili.

Chinyezi ndi kutentha

Kwa orchid, muyenera kupereka kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Masana, sikuyenera kukwera pamwamba pa 28 ° C, ndipo usiku kugwa pansi pa 18 ° C. Kusintha kwa kutentha kumakopa tizirombo. Kuphatikiza apo, pazinthu zosazizira kapena kutentha kwokhazikika, duwa limapweteka.

Kuti orchidyo azioneka wokongola komanso wathanzi, muyenera kukhala ndi chinyezi cham'kati. Kwa mbewu iyi, njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala 50-70%. Zizindikiro kuti duwa alibe chinyontho:

• masamba;
• nsonga za tsamba louma;
• kufota kwa mbewuyo, ngakhale kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kuvala pamwamba;
• kuchuluka kwa nthawi pakati pa maluwa.

Ngati maluwa atamera pachitsinde, choti achite ndikudziwika kale, chimangokhala chochita. Kumbukirani kuti maluwa amenewa ndi opepuka komanso ovuta kuwasamalira, koma amasangalatsa eni ake okhalira oleza mtima kwambiri komanso okongola.