Kupha nkhuku ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera nyama. Kukoma kwake ndi zakudya zake, komanso masamu ake, makamaka zimadalira momwe kuphedwa kunapangidwira.
Kulakwitsa konse komwe kunapangidwa panthawi yopha mbalame kungasokoneze ubwino wa nyama, ndipo izi zidzakanidwa ndi ogula.
Musanamwalire kupha nkhuku mosamala. Izi zimapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lophwanyidwa komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nyama.
Kuonjezerapo, kukonzekera bwino nkhuku m'moyo kumapangitsa kuti asamalire moyo wa nyama.
Kodi nkhuku zikuphedwa bwanji pa famu ya nkhuku?
Kuchotsa zakudya zonse zotsalira ndi nyansi zochokera ku nkhuku chakudya, nkhuku sizimadya. Nthawi yowonongeka ingayambe maola 18-24 asanaphedwe mwamsanga.
Ndiponso Ndikofunika kusiya kupereka nkhuku kwa madzi. Pafupifupi maola 10 isanafike kuti mbalame ziphedwe kuti zisamamwe. Izi zimapangitsa madzi owonjezera, omwe amakhalabe m'mimba, kuti pang'onopang'ono asungunuka.
Nkhuku zanjala zomwe zimakhala ndi ludzu zimatha kubisa zinyalala kuti zitha kupulumuka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chakudya ndi madzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, asanaphedwe, ayenera kusungidwa m'maselo ndi matope. Nkhuku zikadzasintha, zinyalala ziyamba kugwera pa malitawa apadera ndipo sangathe kuzikweza.
Kugwira
Ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa kuti nkhuku zogwira bwino, komanso kukwera kwawo mu chidebe chotumiza katundu, zimathandiza kwambiri kuti nyama zamoyo zam'tsogolo zizikhala bwino.
Monga lamulo, mbalame zomwe zimakoka zimakhala momasuka. Izi zimachitidwa kuti zisawononge mbalame kuswa mapiko ndi miyendo ndikupeza zilonda zomwe zimaipitsa kufotokoza kwa nyama.
Malingana ndi akatswiri, Matenda okwana 90% pamatupi oundana amaonekera panthawi yomwe akugwira ndi kutumiza nkhuku.. Zinaonanso kuti odzola kwambiri amatha kukhala ndi mavuto ambiri.
Zikakhala kuti mbalamezi zimasungidwa pansi, nthaka yofiira imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe imagwidwa. Amatsimikizira mbalameyo, choncho samayesa kuthawa pamene akufuna kuigwira. Koma mbalame zomwe zimakhala m'sitima, zimatulutsidwa pamanja, kenaka zimalowetsedwa mu chidebe kuti zinyamuke ku sitolo, kumene zimaphedwa.
Kuyenda kupita kumalo ophera
Pa kayendetsedwe ka mbalame zomwe zilipobe, zipangizo zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapereka zinyama zokwanira kwa ziweto.
Zida zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paulendo, komwe kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino zimasungidwa bwino. Zitsulo zotero zimakhala ndi chitetezo chowonjezereka kuchokera ku dzuwa, mvula ndi nyengo zina zovuta kwa mbalameyi.
Musanadzalemo mbalame mu chidebe, m'pofunika kuganizira kukula kwake, chifukwa kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumasiyana. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa kubzala nkhuku za mitundu ya dzira sikuyenera kupitirira mitu 35 / sq. m, nyama - mitu 20 / sq.m, nkhuku zazikulu - mitu 35 / sq.m.
Kuchuluka kwake kwa nkhuku kumatengera kumadalira nyengo ndi nyengo ya kutentha. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kukuposa +250 C, ndiye kuti chiwerengerochi chiyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 15 kapena 20%, chifukwa muli mu chidebe cholimba nkhuku zingakhale ndi mpweya wokwanira.
Kaŵirikaŵiri zonyamula zinyama zimagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi opangidwa ndi matabwa. Ali ndi nthaka yolimba yomwe imalola mbalame kukhala yabwino.
Komanso pazinthu izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zida zowonongeka ndi zotheka. Amayikidwa mumagalimoto akuluakulu a nkhuku zogulitsa nkhuku, okhala ndi ngolo. Mmenemo, maselo ndi zitsulo zimakonzedwa pasadakhale kumene mbalame zidzakhale panthawi yopitako.
Nkhuku Padua mu chithunzi sizimawoneka bwino kwambiri. Inu simungavomerezane ndi ine, koma musati muwaone iwo akukhala.Zigawo zonse za nkhuku zowonjezera ndi nkhuku zimapezeka pa webusaiti yathu pano.
Nkhumba zina za nkhuku zimagwiritsa ntchito thirakitala yosakaniza nkhuku. Komabe, njira iyi ndi yoyenera kokha ngati ziweto ziyenera kutengedwera kwafupipafupi.
Mitengo ya nkhuku zakunja nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. mabasiketi apulasitiki chifukwa chonyamula nkhuku kupha. Zapangidwa m'njira yoti pakutha kumasula sikofunika kuchotsa mbalamezo kuzipinda zake. Ingokankhira pansi pansi ndipo mbalame idzagwera pamtengowo, umene umapereka ku nyumba yophera.
Kapangidwe ka chidebe cha kayendetsedwe ka katundu ndi mbalame
Chidebe chilichonse chotumizira nkhuku chimakhala ndi chimango chokhala ndi mpanda.
Chidebechi chili ndi zigawo ziwiri, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi maselo asanu ndi limodzi. Komanso imakhala ndi mawilo abwino omwe amachititsa kuti mbalamezi ziziyenda mozungulira pakhomopo ngati kuli kotheka.
Mbalame yosakaniza nthawizonse imayamba kuchokera pamwamba pa chidebe.. Kuti muchite izi, sungani pansi pansi, kupatula otsika kwambiri. Pamene chidebe chadzaza, mitsukoyo imasunthira mosiyana. Kuphatikizanso apo, mutha kuyendetsa mbalame kudutsa pamakomo ozungulira.
Chidebe chotere chingatenge mbalame 120 mpaka 180 panthawi imodzi. Pa ngolo yamagalimoto nthawi zambiri imakhazikitsa zitsulo 24. Amatha kukhala ndi mutu wokwana 3,000 mpaka 4,200.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kayendedwe ka mbalame mu chidebecho n'chabwino kwambiri kuposa m'bokosi. Sikuti kumachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mbalame, komanso kukuthandizani kuti mutenge mitu yochuluka kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, antchito amathera nthawi yochuluka ndi khama pakutsegula.
Pochepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa mu mbalame panthawi yopitako, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kutumiza kwa makilomita 50. Pachifukwa ichi, nkhuku ziyenera kukhala muzitsulo zosapitirira maola 8, mwinamwake zingakhale zamanjenje, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zochitika zosiyanasiyana zovulala.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kayendetsedwe ka nkhuku mu dziko kamakhala kotheka kokha ngati pali chowona zanyama. Dalaivala aliyense wochita nawo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka katundu ayenera kukhala ndi chiphaso cha zanyama zakutchire komanso ndalama zogulitsa.
Kukonzekera mu msonkhano
Pofika pamalo ophera nyama, mbalameyi imasankhidwa mosamala. Ovomerezeka amawerengera chiwerengero cha mitu, kuyeza kulemera kwa moyo, kudziwa mtundu, zaka ndi mafuta a nkhuku malinga ndi miyezo yomwe ilipo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, woimira nyumba yophedwayo ndi wowombola ayenera kukhalapo.
Nkhuku za mtundu womwewo ndi msinkhu womwewo zimayikidwa mu khola lililonse.. Kenaka amatumizidwa ku mamba, kumene kulemera kwa mbalame kumatsimikizika. Pambuyo pake, kulandiridwa kwa nkhuku kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chikhomo, chomwe chimasainidwa ndi wopulumutsa ndi wolandira. Amasonyezanso chiwerengero cha mbalame zakufa.
Mukatha kulemba chiphaso, mungayambe kupha nkhuku mwamsanga. Pochita izi, mbalame imadyetsedwa ku processing conveyor. Kumeneku kuli koyendedwe ku miyendo yamtundu wapadera, pendants kubwerera kuntchito.
Pambuyo pake, mbalamezi zimadyetsedwa ku zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi. Mothandizidwa ndi magetsi amphamvu kwambiri, mbalame imabweretsedwa mu dziko losasunthika. Imaleka kugwedeza, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kuvulala kosiyanasiyana.
Monga lamulo 550 kapena 950 V amagwiritsidwa ntchito modabwitsa. Zowonjezera zimaperekedwa kwa mbalame kupyola mu madzi, ndipo nthawi yonse ya stun sichitha kuposa masekondi asanu.
Ngati nkhawa ili yaikulu, mbalameyo ingasokoneze ntchito ya mtima, yomwe imapha.
Exsanguination
Zitangothamanga kwambiri, mbalame zimatumizidwa m'sitolo, komwe kumapezeka magazi. Opaleshoniyi iyenera kuchitidwa pasanathe masekondi 30 mutadutsa. Nthaŵi zina, njirayi imachitika popanda zodabwitsa.
Kuphedwa kukuonedwa kuti ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yophera nkhuku. kudzera m'kamwa ndi mpeni wochepa kapena lumo lokhala ndi mapeto.
Wogwira ntchitoyo amatenga nkhuku yopachikidwa ndi dzanja lake lamanzere ndikutsegula pakamwa pake. Ndi dzanja lake lamanja, amangoika mpeni mumlomo. Ndikofunika kuti mupite ku ngodya ya kumanzere ya pharynx, kumene mitsempha yambiri ndi yozungulira imagwirizanitsidwa. Mwamsanga pambuyo pake, jekeseni imapangidwa mu ubongo ndi pamimba. Zochita zotero zimangowonongeka mbalameyo ndi kufooketsa minofu yomwe imagwira nthenga pa thupi lake.
Pambuyo kuphedwa, mpeni wachotsedwa ndipo nkhuku imapachikidwa pambali kwa mphindi 15-20. Izi zatsimikizika kuti magazi onse ndi galasi la nyama zawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndikofunika kuti musaiwale kufalikira mapiko, chifukwa nthawi zambiri magazi amatha kukhala mwa iwo, kupanga ma hematoma.
Ndiponso, kukhalapo kwa magazi mu nyama ya nkhuku kungachititse kuti kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu mu alumali moyo. Kawirikawiri, tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'magazi, choncho ndikofunikira kuti tichite magazi mwachangu.
Kutentha kwaukhondo
Mwamsanga atangomaliza kukhetsa magazi, nyama ya nkhuku imadyetsedwa ku zida zothandizira kutentha.
Gawo ili ndilofunikira kuti kuchotsedwe kwa nthenga kuchokera ku thupi la nkhuku. Pamene mtembo wathyoka, minofu imene imathandiza kuti nthenga ya mbalame ikhale yotonthoza, ndikosavuta kubudula nthenga.
Pambuyo pake, nkhuku zimatumizidwa kumsonkhanowu komwe kukudula kumagwiritsa ntchito makina. Nthawi yomweyo, dziwani kuti mtembo ukhoza kuphikidwa pokhapokha kutentha kwake, monga nthunzi yotentha kwambiri ikhoza kuwononga khungu la nkhuku.
Muzirombo za nkhuku zazikulu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zofewa ndi zovuta zokopa modes. Pogwiritsira ntchito njira yofewa, stratum corneum ya epidermis yawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kachilomboka khungu ndi khungu zimakhalabe zolimba. Mitembo yotereyi imakhala yooneka bwino, koma zimakhala zovuta kuigwiritsira ntchito, chifukwa nthitizi zimakhala zotetezedwa kwambiri pakhungu.
Ndi nkhono zolimba zonse zomwe zimapezeka pa thupi la nkhuku zimachotsedwa ndi makina. Pafupifupi samafunikanso chithandizo chamankhwala, koma ndi njira imeneyi ya mankhwala epidermis ndipo pang'ono khungu khungu lonse lawonongeka.
Pambuyo pake, imachotsedwa ndipo khungu la mtembo limakhala lovutikira komanso lofiira. Maonekedwewo, nyama nthawi zambiri sichitsatizana, koma ngati ayamba kuzizira, adzafanana ndi nyama yomwe yakhala ikupatsidwa chithandizo cha kutentha.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti nyama yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mofewa ikhoza kusungidwa nthawi yaitali kuposa yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu. Chowonadi n'chakuti pamwamba pa mitembo imeneyi palibe malo abwino kwa moyo wa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, chotero akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali mufiriji.
Kutting
Atangotentha, nkhuku zimatumizidwa kuti ziwombe. Sichichotsedwa kuchotseramo.
Amatumbo amachotsedwa ndi mpeni wapadera ndipo cloaca imachotsedwa. Kenaka mtembo ukuikidwa pa tebulo locheka ndi mutu kutali ndi wogwira ntchito, mimba
Ndi kotenga nthawi yaitali kuchokera pa cloaca mpaka keel. Pambuyo pake, matumbo amachotsedwa, koma m'pofunika kupatulira mapeto a duodenum m'mimba kuti matumbo asatuluke. Atachotsa matumbo, mtembowo umatsukidwa ndi madzi.
Mu nkhuku, miyendo m'magazi amodzi akuphatikizidwanso.. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera, koma kupatukana kungapangidwe pamanja. Kuti tichite izi, mtembo umatengedwa ndi dzanja lake lamanzere ndipo kuyenda kofulumira kwa dzanja lamanja kumadula matope onse ndikusokoneza mgwirizano.
Kuzizira
Kutangotha kutayika, mitembo ya nkhuku yakhazikika.
Izi zimathandiza kuti thupi likhale losasunthika, komanso limapititsa patsogolo njira zosiyanasiyana za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuzizira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira m'matangadza ozizira.
Mmenemo, nyama imakondwera ndi madzi othamanga ndipo imalowa m'matope oyendayenda. Ndondomeko yokha imatha pafupifupi mphindi 25. Pambuyo pake, mitembo imadzaza ndi zogulitsa.
Kuwonjezera pa mitembo ya nkhuku, nkofunika kudyetsa zakudya zodyera: mtima, chiwindi, mimba ndi khosi. Pambuyo pozizira, amapangidwa mu matumba apulasitiki kapena mapepala apadera a polyethylene.
Kutsiliza
Kupha nkhuku ndi njira yovuta yomwe ili ndi magawo ambiri. Zigawo zake zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa molondola, monga momwe nyama imadalira.
Kulakwitsa kulikonse kumene kunapangidwa pokonzekera kuphedwa ndi panthawi yophedwa mwamsanga kungawononge ndalama zambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi udindo waukulu.
