Cerastium - mtundu wa herbaceous annuals kapena osatha a cloves banja. Kufalitsidwa ku South America, Asia, Europe, North Africa ndi Australia. Kukula yascolki sikufuna khama.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la sayansi la mtundu wa Cerastium limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek lakuti "keras", lomwe limatanthauza "nyanga" - monga mawonekedwe a bokosi la zipatso.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a yaskolki
Mtundu wa yaskolka uli ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi: Zomwe zimatha kusatha, zomwe zimakhala ndi chilala, zowonongeka komanso zosadzichepetsa, zimangokhala zowonongeka, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Pamalo otchedwa yaskolki ophweka kapena nthambi, kawirikawiri amapanga tufts wandiweyani. 
Zimayambira mwina zimafalikira kapena zimakwera; tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, masamba amtundu uliwonse omwe amapezeka mosiyana, maluwa oyera mpaka 2 cm m'mimba mwake, amagawidwa mu corymbose inflorescences. Zimayambira zosavuta kapena nthambi, zokwawa kapena zokwera. Masamba ali moyang'anizana, ang'onoang'ono, onse, ochuluka kwambiri. Maluwa mpaka 2 cm mwake, woyera, anasonkhana mu corymbose inflorescences. Kutalika kufika 15-30 masentimita.
Dothi losalala, lopanda bwino, osati lachonde kwambiri komanso losasaka kwambiri, makamaka peaty, mchenga kapena mchenga loam, lidzathandiza kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino. Musanadzalemo chomera, nthaka imasulidwa, mchenga umaonjezeredwa ku nthaka yosavuta, komanso kuti mizu ikhale yambiri, yowonongeka ya peatland. Chomeracho n'chofunika-chofunika, chimatha kukula dzuwa, koma mthunzi wabwino ndi mthunzi waung'ono: mumthunzi sukhoza kuphulika konse. Sikofunika kuteteza mphepo ku mphepo.
Mitundu yotchuka ya yaskolki
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 200 ya iskolki, ena amakula ngati zomera za maluwa m'matanthwe a rockeries, osakanikirana kumbuyo, mu chidebe chodzala.
Alpine Yaskolka
Yuskolki yopanda chidwi kwambiri. Zokwanira zosatha, zomwe panthawi yamaluwa zimapanga chitsamba chochepa (mpaka 15 cm). Alpine Yaskolka amasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba onse a mthunzi wa silvery, zazikulu, maluwa oboola, omwe amatsogoleredwa pamwamba ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence yaing'ono. Chomeracho chimamera pakatikati pa mwezi wa May, chimakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma madzi omwe akukhalabe akuwononga. Kuphimba chitsamba sikuvomerezedwa: izo zikhoza vypryvat. Chomera ichi ndi chokongola kwa mapiri a alpine, rockeries, amawoneka bwino m'miphika yamaluwa kapena m'mitsuko, mudulidwe kapena mawonekedwe a maluwa aang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Yemwe akuimira Yaskolka Alpine ndikumwera kumpoto kwa nthaka ya zomera zomwe zimapezeka ku Lockwood Island ku Canada Arctic Archipelago. Ngakhale zowonjezereka, palinso ma lichens ndi algae okha.
Mtundu woyera
Chomera ichi chosatha cha herbaceous chimakula kokha ku Greece pamwamba pa mapiri okwera. Perennial yaskolka imvi yobiriwira ndi maluwa akuluakulu, omwe kawiri kawiri amadula pamakhala ndi sepals, pamtunda masamba ali ndi lanceolate-linear, ndipo m'munsi amakhala oblong-spatulate, chomeracho chimapanga zotupa zamasamba, ndipo zimayambira kupanga maluwa obiriwira. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi la oblong-cylindrical. Zomera zimakhala zobiriwira, zimapanga makina akuluakulu. Zowonongeka kwambiri zimakhala zobiriwira.
Biberstein jaskolka
NdineBiberstein skolka wokongola ndi yodabwitsa monga dziko lake - ndi Crimea. Izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimapanga makina akuluakulu, zimakhala zochepa kwambiri moti zimawoneka ngati zakuda. Mphukira za zomera zikufalikira, peduncles ikukwera ndi 15-20 masentimita mu msinkhu. Amasiya nyemba ndi zing'onozing'ono, zowonjezera kapena zowonjezera. Maluwa oyera amamtunda masentimita 1.5, amagawidwa ndi ambulera yochepa, pamwamba pa maluwawo amadulidwa muwiri. 
Kukhazikika kosatha mu May-June kwa masiku 25-28. Bieberstein amadziwika mu chikhalidwe kuyambira mu 1820. Ali ndi chidwi chozizira chisanu, mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri omwe amaimira zomera, makapu. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, yaskolka imapanga dziko lapansi ndi chipale chofewa chofiira mpaka masentimita 20, omwe amawoneka okongola kwambiri atazunguliridwa ndi maluwa ofiira kapena a buluu. Mbalame ya bieberstein ndi yokongola kwambiri, imatha kubzalidwa mumapachikiti, mwachitsanzo, pamtunda. Ndi zophweka kusamalira izi: kutchera chomera chofutukuka ndikuchibwezeretsa ku malo atsopano zaka zinayi.
Yaskolka anamva
Jascolka anamva - udzu wosatha wosatha, womwe umadziwika ndi mphukira za siliva, zakukwawa kapena kukwera kumapeto, zomwe zimakhala zozika mizu ndipo zimakhala ndi zakudya zokhazikika pa chomera pamodzi ndi mizu yambiri. Chomera chimodzi chimapanga chingwe chokwanira, chokhala ndi masentimita 50 mpaka pafupifupi masentimita 25. yascolki amakhala ndi masamba oviira, ang'onoang'ono, ofanana ndi mapiko ophimbidwa ndi kumva; zoyera, zazing'ono koma zowala maluwa. Maluwa osatha amayamba kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, mwezi umatha, koma mapeto a njirayi amakhalabe zokongoletsera.
Chomera cha yaskolka chimakonda zinthu zomwe zimalima: malo amdima kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, kukwera) chifukwa cha kukana kwa chilala ndi chikhalidwe chokonda; palibe madzi osefukira amvula; mchenga wokhala ndi mchenga kapena miyala. N'zotheka kufesa mbewu kumapeto kapena kumapeto kwa nyengo, chisankho chokwera chokwera ndi thandizo la mbande n'zotheka, mutatha kufesa mbewu mu mbande zoyambirira.
Pambuyo pa maonekedwe angapo a masamba enieni, chomeracho chimadulidwa ndikupatulidwa, kuchoka pafupi masentimita asanu pakati pa mbande. Mu Julayi, mbewu zimabzalidwa m'malo osatha, kumene m'chaka chachiwiri chimamera. Mu kasupe, nthaka yozungulira tsinde imachotsedwa masamba akale omwe agwa. Chomeracho sichisowa kuthirira ndi feteleza, chimaikidwa patatha zaka zitatu. Kwa nyengo yozizira, nthawi yosatha iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi agrospan. Kufalikira kwa kumva kumafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, cuttings ndi kugawa chitsamba. Mu malo okongoletsera, chidziwitsochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabedi a maluwa omwe amatsanzira dziwe m'munda: kumeneko zikhoza kuwoneka ngati thovu la m'nyanja.
Yaskolka yaikulu
Yaskolka krupnotsvetkovaya - chitsamba chosatha, malo ake obadwira ndi mabungwe a ku Balkan. Mu chikhalidwe kuyambira 1818. Kufikira kutalika kwa masentimita 20, maluwa oyera m'mimba mwake masentimita 3, kuthamanga mtsogolo, imayamba mu July, kumatha kumayambiriro kwa September. Mbewu ndi thermophilic, imakonda dzuwa. Mukhoza kupulumuka chilala chochepa, osasunthika kwathunthu kunthaka. M'malomwake, amafunikira nyali za fulorosenti kapena phytolamps. M'nyengo yozizira, safuna malo ogona, sakonda madzi omwe amasungunuka mosungunuka m'chaka, nthawi zina safuna kudula nthaka, kupatula mutatha kudula. Musanayambe maluwa, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuti udzuke msanga ndikuchotsa mphukira za ziphuphu zazikulu, chifukwa zikukula mofulumira ndipo zimatha kutulutsa zomera zomwe ziri pafupi.
Mzinda wa Yaskolka (malo)
Mbewu sprat ndi chomera cholimba kwambiri, chotsamira pansi (nthawi zina chimabala), ndi lanceolate oblong-ovate, masamba osindikizira kwambiri. Maluwa oyera pamwamba pa tsinde amasonkhanitsidwa mumng'oma yaing'ono-ambulera, pamakhala palimodzi mofanana ndi calyx. Shrub kutalika - 10-40 cm. Maluwa imachokera kumapeto kwa May mpaka pakati pa August. Amagawira m'mapiri a Central Asia, Siberia, Ukraine, mbali ya Ulaya ya Russia ndi Arctic. Amamera m'minda yamadzi, m'mapiri aang'ono, pamadambo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala am'mawa.
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera kuchepetsa kulowetsedwa kwa 2 tbsp. spoons wouma wosweka zitsamba kutsanulira 0,5 malita a madzi otentha, kunena maola angapo ndi fyuluta. Tengani katatu patsiku kwa mphindi 30 musanadye chikho cha ½. Pamene mafinya 125 g wa udzu wouma amathiridwa 5 malita a madzi, amaumirira maola awiri ndi fyuluta.
Nsalu yotchedwa Purple Spike
Chomera cha mtundu wa Purple ndi chomera chowala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri anthu amakhala ndi chidwi ndi momwe zimakulira m'chilengedwe. Awa ndi madera a Caucasus, Turkey ndi Iran. Mitengo yowonongeka imakhala yochuluka kwambiri mpaka masentimita 25. Masamba a khungu lofiira ndi lalifupi ndi oblong, amapita ku nyengo yozizira, maluwa oyera amasonkhanitsidwa mumapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono omwe amawoneka ngati masentimita 25. Maluwawo amatha kuchokera kumayambiriro a June mpaka m'ma July.
Yaskolka wofiirira - kamtengo kakang'ono, kutalika kwake kumachokera ku 15 mpaka 25 cm. Shrub yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamaluwa, yopanga zokopa zokongoletsa, zomwe zinabzalidwa pakati pa miyalayi. Chomeracho chimakonda malo a dzuwa ndi dothi lokhala ndi madzi ambiri. Yaskolka - chilala chosagonjetsedwa chosatha. Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuphimba ndi spruce masamba kapena masamba agwa.
