Coniferous zitsamba zobiriwira zimakongoletsa pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse ya chilimwe. Amakhudzidwa ndi kukongoletsa kwawo, kupitilira chaka chonse, kudzichepetsa pa chisamaliro, kukana kuzizira ndi zovuta zachilengedwe. Komabe, monga zokongola kwambiri zomera, juniper m'munda ukhoza kupweteketsa ndi kumenyedwa ndi tizirombo. Momwe mungatetezere chitsamba ku mavuto amenewa, tiyeni tiyankhule m'nkhaniyi.
Mukudziwa? Kuwonjezera pa kukongoletsera, juniper ili ndi nthaka yoteteza komanso yoteteza madzi. Kuchokera ku mphukira zake mumapeza mafuta ofunikira, ndipo zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala.
Zizindikiro ndi njira zolimbana ndi matenda a juniper
Kawirikawiri, juniper amadwala matenda alionse m'chaka, pamene chitetezo chake cha mthupi sichinabwererenso kuchilengedwe pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira. Kusungunuka kwa nthaka pa nthawi ya mvula kumadzaza ndi kukweza madzi pansi kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa zokongoletsera za zomera. Zosowa zake zimakhala zachikasu ndikufa. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa nyengo kumakhala kozizira kwambiri ku korona ndi mizu. Tchire tating'onoting'ono timasokonezeka kwambiri.
Mphungu imatha kuvutika ndi kutentha kwa kasupe kapena kuyanika kwa thupi, zomwe zimawonetseredwa ndi chikasu cha singano ndi kukhetsa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti kumayambiriro kasupe ka dzuwa, kumapeto kwa February - kumayambiriro kwa March, korona wa shrub imakhala yotentha, photosynthesis ikuchitika mwachangu, zomwe zimafuna chinyezi. Popeza sangathe kutunga madzi ku nthaka yozizira, juniper imagwiritsa ntchito timadzi ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pofuna kuteteza chomera kuchokera ku chodabwitsa ichi, mu February-March ndikofunika kuti tipewe ndi agrospan, lutrasil, spunbond, spruce ubweya nthambi kapena zipangizo zina.
Komabe, matenda opatsirana opatsirana amakhala oopsa kwambiri kwa coniferous shrubs. Pawowonjezereka mwa iwo ndi chisamaliro cha mkungudza mu nthawi ya matenda, onani pansipa.
Alternaria Juniper
Alternaria - matenda opatsirana omwe amafalitsidwa ndi bowa Alternaria tenuis. Zizindikiro zake ndizitsulo zofiirira ndi chida chakuda chakuda. Chifukwa cha zilondazi, singano zimatha, ndipo nthambi zimayima. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala mu makungwa, singano ndi zotsalira za zomera. Chotsatira cha ntchito yake chikukhudzidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zoletsa. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a magetsi opanga ming'alu. Komanso, m'chaka ndi m'dzinja, zotsekemera zothandizira zimapangidwa ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi, kukonzekera "HOM".
Nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwazi ziyenera kudulidwa, malo odulidwa ayenera kuthiridwa ndi tizilombo ta mkuwa sulphate (1%), opangidwa ndi jekeseni wamaluwa kapena mafuta ophikira mafuta. Ngati zowonongeka kwambiri m'chilimwe, mankhwala ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena analogs akulimbikitsidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala okonzekera matenda a juniper, m'pofunika kuti muyambe kudwala shrub imodzi. Ngati patsiku sipadzakhala chosayenera chomera, ndiye kuti mukhoza kupopera mitsuko ina.
Kansa ya juniper biortella
Matenda ena oopsa a fungunula ndi a khansa ya biorella. Zikuwoneka ngati mabala ofiira pa khungwa, komwe kumamaliza kudumphira ndi kutuluka, zilonda zam'mimba ndi matupi a zipatso zimapanga. Ndiye juniper akutembenukira chikasu, ndipo singano zimagwa.
Wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa lotchedwa Biatorella difformis, lomwe limasungidwa pamakungwa a zomera. Zimayambitsa matenda - makina owonongeka ku kotekisi. Matendawa amafalitsidwa kudzera m'mabzala omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Pochiza ndi kupewa khansara ya biorcellarlar, njira zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinachitikira Alternaria (onani pamwambapa).
Mphungu yamphepete mwa khwangwala
Necriosis ya makungwa a nthambi omwe amachitidwa ndi bowa Nectria cucurbitula imayambitsa chikasu ndi kugwa kwa singano, imfa ya nthambi ndi imfa ya zomera zonse. Kugawidwa kwake kumayambitsa kupanga mapulogalamu ofiira otchedwa sporulation foci pa cortex, yomwe kenako imakhala yakuda ndi youma. Choyambitsa ntchito ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zowonongeka zitsamba za zitsamba. Zotsatira zoletsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito nectriosis ya makungwa a nthambi za juniper, njira zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinachitikira Alternaria. Popewera matenda pogwiritsa ntchito kasupe ndi yophukira mankhwala a juniper kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda a fungicides. Nthawi imodzi kapena ziwiri ndizokwanira kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda. Chithandizo choyamba chikhoza kuchitika ndi tank osakaniza "Ridomila Gold MC", "Kaisara" ndi sodium humate. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri kapena atatu, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito Strobe ("Skor", "Quadris") ndi lignohumate kwa kupopera mankhwala mobwerezabwereza.
Mukudziwa? Zokongola kwambiri kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakula kwambiri.
Mphungu Yogwedeza
Mphuno yamkokomo ndi kukula kwa mtundu wa machungwa pamagulu omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Gymnosporangium amavomereza, G. juniperinum, G. sabinae. Miphika ya bowa imafalikira mofulumira ndi mphepo kupita ku zikhalidwe zina. Nthambi za mphukira zowuma, singano zimagwa. Zotsatira zafupipafupi ndi imfa ya shrub. Mitundu iwiri ya juniper imapezeka kwambiri ndi dzimbiri: virginia ndi cossack.
Ndikofunikira! Popeza bowawa ali ndi zovuta zowonjezera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa magulu awiri - kawirikawiri mkungudza ndi rosaceous (peyala, apulo, irga, hawthorn, phulusa la mapiri, quince), pofuna cholinga choteteza ndikofunikira kudzala chikhalidwe ichi kuchoka pakati pawo zomera.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Mwatsoka, chithandizo cha matendawa sichingakhale. Nthambi zomwe zimakhala ndi zotupa zimachotsedwa, magawo odulidwawo amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo amatsekedwa ndi phula lamaluwa, utoto wa mafuta. Nthambi zathanzi zimachitidwa ndi fungicides. Njira zothandizira kupezeka kwa dzimbiri zizitha kupopera mbewu mkungudza kumapeto kwa chaka ndi zokonzekera monga Kukhotakhota, Bayleton, Ridomil Gold MC, Vectra, ndi zina zotero.
Tracheomycotic wilt (fusarium) wa juniper
Matenda a Fusarium amapezeka m'nthaka kudzera muzu. The bowa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Fusarium oxysporum choyamba amachititsa mdima wa mizu. Kenaka imalowa mkati mwazitsamba, chifukwa cha zomwe zakudya zakutchire zimachitika. Mphungu amafa pang'onopang'ono - poyamba singano pa mphukira za apical zimakhala zofiira, kenako nthambi zimatuluka, ndipo potsiriza chitsamba chonse chimakhala chouma. Mitundu yapakati ndi yamwali imayambitsidwa ndi matenda owopsa.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha matendawa m'munda wanga, ndikofunikira kusankha mosamala zodyera, osati kugula malo osakayikira, koma kugula izo m'masitolo apadera. Ngati simukukayikira ubwino wa chomera, dothi ndi mizu musanabzala poyera ayenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "Fitosporin", "Maxim", "Quadris."
Nthaka yayamba kale kutetezedwa mwachitsulo pansi pa chomera chodetsedwa ndi njira za Fitosporin-M, Gamar, ndi Readzol. Zidzakhalanso bwino ngati zingasinthidwe, popeza kuti kukonzekera sikungathetseretu mankhwala ochotsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthambi zowonongeka zouma ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi kuwonongeka pa nthawi yake.
Kuyanika nthambi za juniper
Ngati mvula imatha kuyamba chikasu ndi kugwetsa singano, kenako nthambi zimayanika chimodzimodzi, ndiye kuti mwakhala mukudwala matenda otchedwa kuswa kwa nthambi za mkungudza ndikusangalala ndi nkhungu zina zambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadziwonetsera patapita kanthawi - mwa mawonekedwe a matupi aang'ono a fruiting pamakungwa. Kuberekera kwa bowa kumapangitsa kuti kubzala kwakukulu, dothi lolemera, kutsika kwapansi kwa dziko lapansi.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Ndi zilonda zazing'ono, nthambi zowonongeka zimachotsedwanso ndikuwonongedwa, kenako zimatulutsidwa ndi zigawo. Chitsambachi chimachiritsidwa ndi fungicides. Ndi kufalikira kwakukulu kwa bowa juniper sikupulumutsidwa. Icho chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa, ndipo dothi liyeretsedwe.
Chophimba champhungu
Ngati muli ndi shyiti wamba, singano za juniper zimasanduka bulauni kapena zakuda. Kenaka imalira, koma siigwera kwa nthawi yaitali. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, singano zimaphatikizidwa ndi masewera a sporulation a Lophodermium juniperinum bowa - zipatso zakuda zakuda mpaka 1.5 mm kukula.
Zotsatira zoletsa. M'chaka ndi m'dzinja la kupopera mankhwala mankhwala kupewa. Kuyeretsa bwino za singano zakugwa ndi kudulira nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwa. Ndi mankhwala amphamvu oteteza ululu amachitika m'chilimwe. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito Bordeaux madzi, kukonzekera "HOM", "Ridomil Gold MC", ndi zina zotero.
Msuzi wa msuzi wa Brown (brown brown mold of conifers)
Chitukuko cha matendawa chimakhala chofewa pakati pa chisanu. Akadzabwera, singano za juniper zomwe zili ndi matenda zimakhala zachikasu kapena zofiirira. Zisoti zimapezeka m'mabotolo, omwe amakhala ndi mycelium Herpotrichia juniperi ndi N. nigra. Pambuyo pake matupi amtundu wakuda amapangidwa ngati mipira yaing'ono. Masing'i a Brown ndi owuma samagwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Shyutte ya snowy podkashivaet nthawi zambiri imafooketsa zomera, mitsinje yamaluwa imakula mumthunzi ndi dothi lokhala ndi mvula yambiri.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Kupewa kasupe ndi yophukira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi fungicides. Chomera feteleza chopatsa thanzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Kvadris", "Ridomil Gold MC", "Strobe", ndi zina zotero.
Ndikofunikira! Popeza tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamba kukana mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chithandizo chamankhwala, zimalangizidwa kuti azitsatira.
Kulakwitsa tizirombo toyambitsa matenda
Masewera owononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri. Chovulaza chachikulu chochokera kwa iwo chimayambitsidwa ndi kuyamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: nkhupakupa, zipsera, moths ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Zikhoza kutsogolera imfa ya chomera.
Galliches
Galliums ndi udzudzu wambiri (2.2 mm). Mitengo ya mphutsi imatuluka kumapeto kwa masamba - galls ngati ma cones mpaka 10 mm pamwamba. Pamene mphutsi zakula, nsonga za singano zimakwera kunja.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kudula ndi kutentha nthambi zopangidwa ndi galls zopangidwa.
Spruce Spider Mite
Ngati singano zimakhala ndi zowawa, zimakhala ndi mawanga achikasu ndipo zimadulidwa - izi ndi umboni wa moyo wa kangaude wa spruce. Tizilombo toyamwa, mofulumira komanso kawirikawiri kuswana, zimatha kuvulaza mlimi, kotero kuti kumapeto kwa chilimwe sipadzakhalanso zodzikongoletsera. Mbeu zazing'ono ndi nkhupaku zikhoza kufa.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'pofunika kusamalira bwino ana ndi akuluakulu zomera. Kuwawaza nthawi ndi nthawi kuti uwonjezere chinyezi. Ngati minofu yambiri imakhala ndi nkhupakupa, gwiritsani ntchito acaricides.
Mphungu sawfly
Mphutsi za nthunzizi zimavulaza singano ndi michere ya mkungudza pozembetsa zida zawo zamkati.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Popeza jekeseni sawfly amakhala m'nthaka, kukumba kwa bwalo la thunthu kumalimbikitsidwa. Ndi kufalikira kochepa kwa tizilombo kudzakuthandizani kuwononga buku la zisa ndi mphutsi. Ndi chachikulu chonchi - processing infusions ndi decoctions zomera, tizirombo.
Aphiper aphid
Mphungu ya mphutsi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono (3 mm) a bulauni ndi mizere iwiri yamdima. Aphid imakhudza zomera zazing'ono. Imayamwa juzi kuchokera kwa iwo, chifukwa cha zomwe zimatuluka mu chitukuko chake, zimafooketsa, zimayamba kudwala matenda opatsirana, ndipo mphukira zimakhala zofooka.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Popeza nsabwe za m'masamba zimatengedwera ndi nyerere, ndizofunikira koyamba kuti zithetse vutoli - kuwononga zitsamba zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri. Kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba ku chitsamba, ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi sosa nthawi zambiri pa nyengo ndi masiku 7-10 (10 g sopo / 10 l madzi). Pakakhala minofu yambiri, bio ndi mankhwala okonzekera mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kupopera mankhwala awiri pakapita masabata awiri ndikukonzekera kuti "Fitoverm".
Mphungu Shchitovka
Ndi tizilombo toonongeka tomwe timaphimba pamwamba. Ifikira kukula kwa 1-1,5 mm. Kukulitsa madzi, kumavulaza kwambiri zomera zomwe zimasiya kukula ndi kufa. Mu zomera zazikulu, pamene chishango chawonongeka, singano imatembenuka bulauni, youma ndi kugwa.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Kupopera mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Aktara", "Confidor", "Calypso", etc. Kuchita kumachitika maulendo awiri kapena atatu. Mankhwalawa analimbikitsa ena. Mwa njira zofatsa mungagwiritse ntchito kutsitsa malaya ndi mbiya pamanja.
Ants
Nyerere ndizoopsa chifukwa choyambitsa tizilombo tosakaniza monga nsabwe za m'masamba, zokopa, ndi ngongole. Amakhalanso ndi mizu ya zomera, kuvunda nkhuni.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Kuchiza kwa nkhumba ndi mankhwala "Aktellik", "Fufanon", akutsanulira madzi otentha pa iwo. Pa nyengo yokula ya zomera, kukonzekera "Bingu", "Medvetoks", "Ants" ndi ena amapanga zida ndi malo a masango.
Mng'ombe wotsitsimutsa pine njenjete
Chophimba champhepete chotchedwa ping moth ndi gulugufegu wofiirira ndi mapiko a 3.5 masentimita. Gulugufe chifukwa cha juniper palokha siopseza. Koma mphutsi zake zimadya pa singano. Amaoneka pakati pa chilimwe. Iwo ali ndi thupi lautali masentimita atatu ndi utoto wofiira. Iwo amafesa m'nthaka.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Kukumba pansi pambali ya magudumu. Kutentha ndi kubwereza (ngati kuli kofunikira) mankhwala a chilimwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Nkhono
Nkhono zimadya pa singano zapine ndi juniper mphukira. Pitirizani kuchuluka panthawi ya mvula yambiri. Amakhalanso ndi malo okhala othunzi ndi owopsa, pamtunda wambiri.
Zotsatira zoletsa. Buku lokusonkhanitsa ndi chiwonongeko. Kupewera, kuchepetsa kubzala kwa juniper.
Monga momwe tikuonera, pali matenda ambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsira ntchito mkungudza. Komabe, ngati mukutsatira zofunikira zonse za agrotechnical, sankhani zipangizo zam'mwamba zoyenera kubzala, kusamalira zomera, kuchita mankhwala opatsirana komanso kulimbikitsa chitetezo chake cha mthupi, ndizotheka kuti simudzawona zizindikiro za matenda alionse omwe akufotokozedwa m'nkhani ino pa chithunzi chanu chabwino.
