Muscari (Eubotrys, Botryanthus) - chomera chosatha, chomwe chimadziwika bwino kuti "njoka ya anyezi" ndi "mouse hyacinth". Pansi pa chilengedwe, imakula m'mapiri ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango za Crimea ndi Caucasus, dera la Mediterranean, kum'mwera ndi kummwera kwa Ulaya, ndi Asia Minor. Chomeracho chimakhala chotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha oyambirira maluwa nthawi ya muscari, poyerekeza ndi zina masika maluwa. Pachifukwa ichi, maluwa a mbewa hyacinth ndizofunikira kusaka ndikudula kwambiri pansi pa bouquets yoyamba.
Maluwa a Muscari, osakhwima komanso panthawi imodzimodzi onunkhira kwambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati munda wokongoletsera udzu ndi munda.
Mpaka posachedwa, maluwa a muscari amatchedwa banja la liliaceae (hyacinths), pambuyo pake chomeracho chinasankhidwa kukhala katsitsumzukwa (katsitsumzukwa).
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chimayenera dzina lake kwa botanist wa ku British, Scotsman Philip Miller, yemwe anaganiza kuti chomeracho chikumva fungo la musk. Maluwawo ankatchedwa "Viper" kapena "njoka" anyezi chifukwa kasupe kuzungulira maluwa amenewa anthu adawona kupezeka kwakukulu kwa njoka, chifukwa chifukwa molakwika iwo amaganiza kuti njoka zimadyetsa masamba a muscari. Ndipotu, njoka zimangoyenda ku dzuwa, ndipo muscari imakula mumlengalenga komanso pamalo amkati. Chomera cha "mphutsi" kapena "mphesa" chimatchulidwa chifukwa cha kufanana kwake ndi duwa, kukula kwake ndi kuperewera kwa mtundu wa mphesa.
Muscari ili ndi mababu owoneka ngati mazira, ataphimbidwa kunja ndi mamba ofunika. Masambawa ndi aakulu kwambiri, mpaka 6, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuphuka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Maluwa a Muscari amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences mpaka 8 cm masentimita, chipatso ndi bokosi, mbewu za mtundu wakuda, waung'ono ndi wa makwinya.
Chomeracho chili ndi mitundu yambiri, pafupifupi onse amakhala odzichepetsa ndipo ali ndi makhalidwe okongoletsera, koma nthawi zambiri amakula ngati munda wamaluwa. Muscari Armenian, kapena Colchis - ndi osagwira kwambiri chisanu, maluwa amawoneka kumapeto kwa kasupe, nyengo yamaluwa ndi masabata atatu.
Mukudziwa? Muscari imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chomera chokongola, koma mitundu yake imakhala yogwira ntchito: kuchokera ku muscari imapanga ma emulsions kuti apange chithunzi, zinthu zopyapyala zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi shampoo za tsitsi ndi zakumwa zina, kuphatikizapo, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala monga gawo la mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi ochititsa chidwi, komanso ngakhale mu minda yamigodi.
Kusankha Malo a Muscari
Kulima muscari m'munda sikuphatikizapo vuto lalikulu ndi malo osankhika. Mmera ukhoza kupezeka ngakhale pansi pa mitengo yamaluwa, chifukwa anyezi a maluwa akufalikira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene masamba asanakonzedwe, choncho mthunzi wawo ndi wawung'ono. Koma, Muscari, monga maluwa ena a masika, amafunika mtundu wambiri wa dzuwa, kotero chomera ichi sichiyenera kubzalidwa pansi pa ma conifers ndi zina zomwe nthawi zonse zimakhalapo. Komanso, Muscari iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu. 
Muscari ingabzalidwe mwachindunji pa udzu, kumapeto kwa nyengo idzakonzanso maonekedwe a udzu. Komabe, pakadali pano n'zosatheka kudula udzu mpaka masamba a muscari ataphedwa, mwinamwake mababu a zomera amayamba kukhala osaya ndipo amasiya kulemba. Posankha malo odzala, ndi bwino kupereka chiwembu chomera chomwe chimalola kuti chibzalidwe mu mulu, ndi maluwa ambirimbiri izi zimapanga maonekedwe okongola kwambiri pambali pa udzu wobiriwira.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake komanso maluwa okongola, ngakhale m'madera ochepa ochepa, muscari salola kuti nthaka ikhale yochuluka kwambiri, choncho zimayenera kuperekedwa kumalo okwera m'munda.
Muscari - zomera zosatha. Kuti musamawononge mwangozi mababu, musabzale pafupi ndi malo omwe asungidwa kuti mubzala pachaka maluwa ena. Mabwenzi abwino a muscari ndi mabanga, crocuses, hyacinths, tulips ndi maluwa ena a masika.
Zosowa za nthaka
Muscari imakula bwino pa nthaka yachonde ndi yosasuntha ndi madzi abwino.
Kawirikawiri, zomerazi sizimapanga zofunikira kwambiri pa nthaka ndipo zimatha kumva bwino kwambiri kulikonse. Komabe, maluwa ambiri omwe amathandiza kwambiri, omwe amakhala osatha komanso okongola kwambiri a muscari amatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito pH mlingo wa 5.8 mpaka 6.5. Zimalangizidwa kudyetsa nthaka musanadzalemo ndi feteleza zokhazikika - mwachitsanzo, ndi humus kapena kompositi. Zomera ndi zoyenera kwa Muscari nthaka - chikole osati nthawi yaitali komanso yolimba maluwa, komanso mapangidwe mababu akuluakulu.
Chilichonse chodzala kubzala ndi kuswana muscari
Muscari akhoza kukula m'njira ziwiri - mbeu ndi zomera. Pokumbukira kuti mwanayo amabala mazomera awa, njira yachiwiri yoberekera ya muscari imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Nthaŵi zina muscari imakula makamaka pobzala mbande zomwe zimagulidwa kumera. Kale ukufalikira mouse hyacinths kugula miphika pakati pa kasupe ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuziika kutseguka pansi.
Kukula Mbewu za Muskari
Mitundu yambiri ya mazira anyezi amatha kufalitsa pozifesa, zomwe zimakhala zovuta m'munda osati zolemekezeka, chifukwa zimayambitsa kukula kwa zomera zochepa. Pofuna kupewa vutoli mwamsanga mutatha maluwa ku Muscari, mapesi a maluwa ayenera kudula. Kubzala mbewu za muskari kuchoka mpaka kukula msinkhu, mukufunikira mabokosi ambiri omwe mukufunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
Nkhumba za Muscari ziyenera kubzalidwa mwamsanga mutatha kusonkhanitsa, m'mwezi womwewo, monga chaka chotsatira, monga lamulo, amasiya kumera. Kuthira kwakukulu ndi 1-2 masentimita. Masika am'mawa, mbewu zimakula ngati mawonekedwe azing'ono, koma mapangidwe a babu amatha nthawi yaitali, choncho muskari obzalidwa kuchokera ku mbewu imayamba kuphulika osati kale kuposa chaka chachiwiri, ndipo kawiri kokha.
Mascari
Kubzala masamba a muscari ndi njira yopatsira mababu aang'ono omwe amapanga pa kholo. Kusiyanitsa ana awa ndi kosavuta. Ngati babu ndi yaing'ono kwambiri, imabzalidwa chifukwa cholera pabedi la razvodochnogo, mababu onse akhoza kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo kumalo osatha.
Muscari - maluwa ang'onoang'ono, amafesedwa pa kukula kwa mwezi kumapeto kwa August kapena kumayambiriro kwa September. Ponena za kuthekera kwa kubzala kapena kuika wothira anyezi m'chaka, ndi bwino kunena kuti, mwachidule, izi siziyenera kuchitika. Kupatulapo ndi mkhalidwe ndi muskarians mu miphika ya maluwa inatha pambuyo pa masika mahelide. Kwa chomeracho sichinamwalire, chimachotsedwa mosamalitsa kuchokera mu mphika, kusiyanitsa babu ndi kumera pamalo otseguka kuti apumule. Pogwa, babu ngati akhoza kukumbidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chamawa kuti akule mumphika. 
Mababu a Muscari adakumbidwa kuchokera pansi ayenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mababuwo atagulidwa mu sitolo, asanasabzalidwe, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa bwino ndi kutaya mababu, odwala kapena ovunda.
Mababu a Muscari samabzalidwa mosiyana, koma amodzi, osati dzenje lakuya (katatu kuposa msinkhu wa mababu). Kuti apange maluwa okongoletsera maluwa, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tipeze mbewu zosiyana siyana mu dzenje limodzi - mwachitsanzo, muscari, daffodils, crocuses, etc. Zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri, koma mutabzala ziyenera kunyalidwa mu malingaliro kuti mababu osiyanasiyana amafunika mozama mozama. Choncho, kuyendetsa kumachitika ngati mawonekedwe a nkhono: mababu a maluwa akuluakulu (monga daffodils) amaikidwa mwakuya, ndiye amawaza ndi nthaka, mababu a muscari aikidwa pamwamba, ndi zina zotero.
Mababu a muscari omwe anabzala m'dzinja ayamba kale kusamba masika.
Momwe mungasamalire chomera cha Muscari
Popeza muscari amamva bwino ngati maluwa a kuthengo m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, kudzikonza sikuti sikovuta ayi, koma sizingatheke kukhazikitsidwa konse: hyacinth ya mbewa imatha kuthana ndi nyengo yozizira, imatuluka ndipo imadzibala yokha popanda kuthandizidwa kwambiri. Koma, monga momwe zilili ndi mbeu iliyonse, kumvetsera ndi kusamalira kumapangitsa kuti chomeracho chikhale chokongola, chatsopano komanso chokhalitsa.
Kuthirira muscari
Muscari amafunika kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mu nthawi ya kukula kwachangu ndi maluwa. Komabe, popeza ndikumayambiriro kwa kasupe, dzikolo panthawiyi siuma kwambiri, chifukwa chomeracho chimakhala m'nthaka pambuyo pa chisanu ndi mvula. Ndi bwino kumwa madzi a muscari panthawiyi ngati nyengo yozizira idawotchedwa snowless ndipo kasupe ndi mphepo ndipo si mvula.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati madzi akugwa pansi, mababu a muscari akhoza kuvunda.
Pakatha milungu iwiri muscari maluwa ikhoza kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo masambawo atakhala achikasu ndipo amawombera, amasiya kwathunthu, chifukwa nthawi zina zomera zimasowa chinyezi.
Kuponyera Muscari
Pokhala maluwa osatha, mu nyengo zingapo, Muscari imapanga timitengo tambiri, zonunkhira. Kuti mbeuyo ikhale yabwino komanso yosasokoneza anthu oyandikana nayo, mabanja amenewa ayenera kuchepetsedwa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Njirayi ikuphatikizidwa ndi kubzala kwa mababu aang'ono m'malo atsopano, choncho ziyenera kuchitika kuyambira August mpaka September.
Muscari imalimbikitsanso kuika nthawi yomweyo ngakhale panthawi ya maluwa, koma pakali pano, babu amafunika kukumbidwa ndi malo abwino, kuti asawonongeke ndipo osanyamula babu ndi mizu.
Feteleza ndi zakudya zamasamba
Nthaka yotsika ya muscari iyenera kudyetsedwa organic. Ngati mukuchita izi kugwa nthawi yomweyo pofukula dera, mbewa ya hyacinth ingakulire pamalo amodzi kwa zaka khumi, pomwe nthawi yeniyeni yomwe ikupangidwira piritsi la muskari ndi zaka zisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza za chiyambi cha nyama (mchere watsopano, nkhuku manyowa, etc.) kwa muscari. Ntchito yawo imathandizira kuwonongeka kwa mababu ndi kukula kwa matenda.
Pambuyo maluwa, kudula mapesi, nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi potaziyamu-phosphorous. M'dzinja, ngati chomera sichifika pa msinkhu wa kusindikizidwa, malowa ayenera kuyeretsedwa ndi masamba a chikasu, ndiyeno azikhala ndi peat m'nyengo yozizira. Kuwonjezera pa ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza yoyenera, kusamalira muscari kumafunikanso kumasula ndi kusita mmimba, chifukwa namsongole akhoza kusokoneza maonekedwe a babu.
Kusungirako mababu a muscari
Monga zanenedwa, muscari anakumba anyezi nthawi zambiri amafesedwa pamalo atsopano. Komabe, pali milandu pamene kuli kofunikira kusunga mababu osaka mpaka nyengo yotsatira. Kuti babu ikhale yoyenera kubzala mutatha kusungirako, m'pofunika kusankha wathanzi komanso wamkulu momwe mungathere (osachepera masentimita awiri).
Kugwiritsira mababu ayenera kutsukidwa ndi kukula ndi kutsukidwa, kenaka nkuchitidwa ndi wothandizira antifungal. Pachifukwa chimenechi, njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, Bordeaux madzi, Fitosporin, etc.) idzakhala yabwino. Mababu omwe anagulitsidwa ku sitolo sakuyenera kuwongolera; ndi okwanira kuti iwo asungidwe zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pa phukusi.
Mababu opangidwa ayenera kuumitsidwa kwa masiku 2-3 kutentha, kenaka amaikidwa mu peat osakaniza kapena mchenga woyera wouma;
Ikani malo okonzedwerako kusungirako malo amdima, okwera mpweya wokhala ndi kutentha kozizira (17 - 18 ° С) ndi chinyezi (pafupifupi 70%).
Panthawi yonse yosungirako, m'pofunika kuyesa anyezi nthawi zonse kuti mukhalepo kapena muvunda. Makope amenewa amatha kuchotsedwa mwamsanga.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti muscari sichisungidwa nthawi yosungiramo mababu, chifukwa nthawi yabwino yobzala ndi yophukira, ndipo ikugwa kuti mababu a zomera zakubadwa akukumba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ndi kupewa kwawo
Mdani wamkulu wa Muscari ndi tizilombo toyambitsa chikasu cha anyezi, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a zomera monga mosai. Amayambitsa masamba, amachepetsa maluwa okongola ndipo zotsatira zake zimachepetsa kukula kwa anyezi a njoka. Muscari imakhalanso ndi zojambula zamakono zomwe zimapanganso masamba.
Wonyamula matendawa onse ndi aphid, kotero kuti zowonongeka ziyenera makamaka kutsutsana ndi tizilombo. Njira yabwino ndi njira yothandizira sopo iliyonse, yomwe ili ndi malo ophera nsabwe za m'masamba.
Mbewu zomwe zili ndi zithunzi sizingathetsedwe, ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwonongedwa popanda chifundo, chifukwa matendawa akhoza kufalikira ku zomera zowonjezereka.
Chinthu china choopsa kwambiri cha muscari ndi kangaude Kulimbana bwino ndi kukonzekera "Fitoverm", "Acrofit" ndi "Vertimek".
Pomalizira pake, muscari ndizokondweretsa kwambiri makoswe, pamwamba pa zonse, midzi yamunda. Kuteteza bedi la maluwa ku mliri uwu, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kubzala mbewu, fungo la makoswe silingalekerere. Izi zikhoza kukhala adyo nthawi zonse kapena imperial grouse (zomwe zikuwoneka zikuwoneka zokongola kwambiri, choncho zidzakwaniritsa flowerbed). Mitengo yachitsamba imatha kuopseza mbewa.
Kawirikawiri, chisamaliro cha Muscari sichingakhale ndi vuto linalake. Ndi zophweka kukula kuti aliyense woyambitsa angathe kugwira ntchitoyi. Ndipo ngati patapita nthawi mbewuyo inayamba kutaya maonekedwe ake ndi ubwino wa maluwa, zikutanthauza kuti ndi nthawi yokha kubzala.
