Maluwa a jasmine sangathe kusiya aliyense, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa maluwa okongola, chomeracho chimakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri. Mukhoza kukula jasmine kumbuyo kwanu, ndipo kwa iwo omwe adasankha kuchita izi, tapanga mndandanda wa mitundu yambiri ya jasmine.
Kodi jasmine amawoneka bwanji: kufotokoza kwa mbewu
Momwe jasmine amawoneka, pafupifupi onse okonda zomera amadziwa. Komabe, ambiri a ife tiri mu chisokonezo chachikulu, monga ku Ukraine ndi Belarus nthawi zambiri jasmine amatchedwa molakwika chubushnik. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti chubushnik ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi osakaniza, komanso ali ndi fungo labwino.
Koma apa ndi chubushnik yekha - nthawi zambiri, shrub, yochokera ku banja la Hortensia. Izi zimakhala za banja la Maslinov, ndipo ndi zitsamba zolunjika kapena zokwera, zomwe zambiri zimakhala zobiriwira. 
Poyang'ana mitundu yambiri ya zomera yomwe ikufotokozedwa, ndizosatheka kufotokoza moona mtima funso la momwe jasmine imakula. Zitsamba zake zimakhala ndi mphukira kapena za liana, masamba akhoza kukhala trifoliate kapena pinnate (palibe ndondomeko).
Zofanana ndi mitundu yonse ya jasmine ndi maluwa akuluakulu onunkhira bwino, omwe amatha kukula mosiyana ndi wina ndi mzake, komanso mazira ochepa. Pambuyo maluwa, maluwawo amasandulika kukhala zipatso, mkati mwake kumene mbewu zimapsa.
Mukudziwa? Jasmine mafuta ofunikira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa perfumery, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa kilogalamu imodzi ya chinthu chomwecho muyenera kupereka pafupifupi 6,000 cu, popeza maluwa pafupifupi 7 miliyoni amafunika kupeza mafutawa.M'chilengedwe chake, jasmine imagawidwa m'madera otentha a South ndi Southeast Asia, Africa, Australia ndi America, koma pamene jasmine ikukula, sikuyenera kukhala nyengo yofunda.
Mitundu yamakono yokongoletsera ya jasmine imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwa chisanu, choncho imatha kukulira pamtunda ngakhale m'madera omwe kutentha kumatsikira mpaka 30 ° C m'nyengo yozizira. M'munsimu muli otchuka kwambiri.
Jasmine grandiflora
Mtundu uwu wa jasmine ndi shrub ndi kukwera mipesa, yomwe imatha kufika mamita pafupifupi 10, mphukira yonse kuchokera kumtambo wamaliseche. Jasmine grandiflora ndi mmodzi wa masamba obiriwira. Kusiyanitsa nthenga-monga masamba a elliptical mawonekedwe ndi nsonga nsonga. Kutali kwa pepala lirilonse limasiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 3 cm. 
Maluwawo ndi okongola kwambiri - maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu maambulera, omwe ali ndi mapepala 6 mpaka 10 omwe amakhala aakulu kwambiri. Maimbulera amapangidwa pokhapokha pa nsonga za mphukira ndipo amakhala ndi fungo lokoma kwambiri. Ndizodabwitsa kuti maluwa a mtundu uwu samakhala wochuluka, komanso amatalika, chifukwa amatha kuchokera mu June mpaka October.
Multiflorous Jasmine
Multiflorous jasmine - shrub yomwe imatha kutambasula mpaka mamita awiri mu msinkhu. Nthambi zimakhala zofooka, koma mphukira zake zonse zimakwera, kotero zomera zimayang'ana kwambiri. Ili ndi masamba ena ovunduka, omwe amadziwika ndi mapiri a mphiri ndi pamwamba. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira. 
Pakati pa maluwa, chitsamba chimakhala ndi maluwa ambirimbiri omwe amapanga pamwamba pa mphukira iliyonse. Maluwa mu nkhaniyi amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu a zidutswa 3-5. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ophwanyika kwambiri ndi nthambi zisanu. Pakuyambitsa masamba, iwo amakhala ndi pinki, koma ikaphuka, imakhala yoyera. Chidziwitso cha mitundu yambiri yamtundu wa jasmine chili mu fungo labwino kwambiri, lomwe limapambana kwambiri pa mitundu ina yonse.
Jasmine golotsvetkovy
Wina shrub ali ndi mphukira zing'onozing'ono zomwe sizikutambasula, koma zimangokhala pansi. Ali ndi masamba angapo, ngakhalenso omwe ali aang'ono ndi trifoliate. Mtundu wa leaf ndi wobiriwira. M'nyengo yozizira, masamba ambiri amachotsedwa kuchokera ku chitsamba, koma pakubwera kwa kasupe, nambala yawo imabwezeretsedwa kachiwiri. 
Pakati pa maluwa, chitsamba chimakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi chikasu chowala. Amaoneka pachifuwa cha tsamba lililonse. Nthawi ya maluwa ya jasmine imagwa m'nyengo yozizira - kuyambira mu January mpaka April, yomwe idatcha dzina lachiwiri lakuti "winter jasmine".
Jasmine officinalis
Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jasmine, pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zamoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala, koma kawirikawiri, chifukwa chaichi, mitundu ya mankhwala imabzalidwa, yomwe nthawi yomweyo imakhala ndi makhalidwe okongola kwambiri. Chitsamba cha mtundu wa jasmine woterewu chimakhala ndi lianas osatha, kumene masamba oonda kwambiri ndi ofewa amachoka. 
Nthambi ndizokhalitsa, zovundikidwa ndi masamba oblong-lanceolate. Mbali yodalirika ya masamba a mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa m'munsi.
Maluwa a zosiyanasiyana ndi ochepa, koma anasonkhana mu maambulera okongola a 5-6 zidutswa. Amasiyana ndi mtundu woyera komanso fungo lonunkhira. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala yayitali kwambiri ndipo imayamba kuyambira April mpaka masiku otsiriza a chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti mitundu yonse ya jasmine ndi imodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimakonda kuwala, ziyenera kubzalidwa pamtunda kaya kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kwakukulu kungayambitse masamba.
Jasmine wabwino kwambiri
Chomera china chobiriwira cha mpesa chomwe masamba ake ali pansi. Ma lianas ali ndi masamba osavuta, oval-lanceolate. Kutalika kwa kapepala kameneka kamatha kukhala pakati pa 2.5 ndi 3.5 masentimita. Mtundu wawo ndi wobiriwira, ndipo palinso tsitsi lochepa m'munsi. 
Mitengo yabwino kwambiri imakhalanso ndi maambulera a maluwa akuluakulu (kutalika kwa maluwa onse amakhala 2.5 cm). Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi woyera, ndipo fungo labwino ndi losangalatsa kwambiri. Maluwa oyambirira a chilengedwe amapezeka mu Januwale ndipo amatha mpaka March.
Jasmine bisa
Mitundu imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri m'maluwa okongola. Ichi ndi shrub yobiriwira, yomwe ingakhalenso yakukula pang'ono. 
Kutalika kwa creeper nthawi zambiri kumakhala kufika mamita awiri ndipo pamakhala mphukira pa nthawiyo. Zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba otsutsana ovoid. Kutalika kwa masamba obiriwira a mdima ndi nsonga zapamwamba komanso kupezeka kwa pubescence kumadera awiri kumatha kufika masentimita asanu.
Maluwa amapangidwa pamwamba pa nsonga zonse. Kusiyanitsa kukula kwakukulu (mpaka 2 masentimita awiri), komanso kukongola kwa pinki kapena mdima wakuda pinki. Anasonkhanitsidwa mu maambulera okongola a 1-3 zidutswa, motero kumapangitsa fungo lokoma lokoma. Maluwa amayamba mu May ndipo amatha miyezi 2-3.
Mukudziwa? Mwa mitundu yonse ya jasmine, yomwe ilipo pafupifupi 200 padziko lapansi, 90 ndi zomera zapakhomo.
Jasmine Sambuck
Mtundu wa jasmine Sambac ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri cha lianane chomwe chimatha kutalika mamita 6. 
Zomwe zimayambira zimakhala zolimba, zowonjezera, zowonjezeredwa ndi masamba osagwirizana (nthawi zambiri zimatha kuikidwa mu zidutswa zitatu). Mafutawa amasiyana ndi dzira ndipo amawoneka pamwamba, ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 10. Palibe pafupifupi pubescence.
Maluwa a jasmine Sambaka - aakulu, anasonkhana mu racemes wa 3-5 zidutswa. Maluwa - theka-kawiri kapena terry, ali ndi mtundu woyera ndi fungo losangalatsa. Zomera zimakhala ndi maluwa ochulukirapo, omwe amasangalatsanso maso kuyambira pa March mpaka October.
Jasmine oblate
Jasmine amatchulidwa mwachindunji mosiyana ndi mitundu ina chifukwa cha maluwa ofiira. Iwo ali ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso nthawi yaitali yamaluwa, yomwe imatha m'nyengo yozizira. Izi shrub zimafuna kuchepetsafupipafupi mphukira, zomwe zimapangitsa mapangidwe a maluwa ambiri. 
Ndikofunikira! Sikovomerezeka kuti mulole kukula kwaufulu kwa mipesa ya jasmine, momwe angatenge mawonekedwe osasangalatsa. Pofuna kuyang'ana chokongoletsera chomera, mipesa yake, ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitha kudulira ndi kumangiriza.
Jasmine otvorochenny
Masamba jasmine ndi shrub chomera chomwe mphukira zake zili ndi masamba awiri obiriwira. Maluwa okongola a chikasu pa mphukira ndi ochepa kwambiri. Petals anasiya. Pamene maluwa, chomeracho chimatulutsa fungo lokoma kwambiri, chomwe chingakhale chosangalatsa nthawi yonse ya maluwa, ndiko kuti, chilimwe chonse. 
Mlimi aliyense ayenera kuganizira za kukula kwenikweni kwa chiwembu chake, chifukwa chomera ichi sichikongoletsera m'munda, koma nthawi yonse ya chilimwe ndikudzaza ndi fungo lokoma ndi lokoma. Musaiwale kuti maluwa okongola ndi abwino kwambiri kuwonjezera pa tiyi, komanso amakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri.
