Mitengo ya Coniferous ili ndi malo kumapangidwe kulikonse. Chaka chonse iwo samataya zokongoletsera, akusangalala ndi nthambi zobiriwira ndi zonunkhira. Pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu, munda aliyense akuyang'ana chinthu chapadera, chosiyana. Ndicho chimene cypress chiri. M'bwalo la nyumba yaumwini, mtengowu ndi woyenera kumera, kukongoletsa munda wamwala ndikupanga zokongola ndi zikhalidwe zina. Chinthu chachikulu pakusankha si kusokoneza ndi cypress. Nthawi zina mitengoyi imakhala yovuta kusiyanitsa ngakhale alimi odziwa bwino ntchito. Tidzakudziwitsani kusiyana kwake ndi momwe mungasamalire cypress.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya Cypress, kapena yotchedwa cypress, inabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Japan, Taiwan ndi kumadzulo kwakumadzulo kwa United States of America. Kunyumba, chikhalidwe sichiyamikiridwa kokha chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake, komanso chifukwa cha nkhuni zake zamtengo wapatali. Anthu ambiri a ku Japan amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito yomanga kachisi.
Kodi cypress n'chiyani?
Cypress (Chamaecyparis - lat.) Kodi mtengo wamtundu umodzi wokhawokha ndi wa Cypress. Masiku ano, mitundu 7 yokha ya mitundu yake imadziwika, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi maonekedwe awo. Botanists ali ndi mitundu yoposa 200 ya cypress.
Ndizabwino ndi nthambi za saggy za chomera. Mphukira zawo ndi zosalala, zofanana ndi maulendo. Kuchokera pamwamba pa singano ndi mtanda, ndi kuchokera pansipa. Mitsempha ndi yaing'ono, mpaka 2 masentimita awiri, okonzedwa, yotseguka ndi ming'alu. Zitsamba zokhala ndi bulauni zakuda kapena zakuda zimatengedwa kufika 20-40 mamita, ndi kuthengo - mpaka mamita 70.
Yonse ya cypress cone korona. Nthambi zimakhala zowonongeka, zimatha kutulutsa chidebe, zimayandikira chiwindi chokhala ndi mamita 1. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa cyera umakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera: ndi singano za singano ndi mphukira, zomwe zimakhala ndi nthambi zazitali komanso zofiira kumapeto kwake, ndi zisoti zokhazokha. Nthambi zake zimapangidwira mumtsinje. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi mitundu ya Boulevard, Nan, Filifer. Malingaliro a Loveson amasiyanitsidwa ndi zida zazing'ono, zoyikidwa mu ndege yomweyo pa mphukira. Kuchokera kumwamba, singano ndi mdima wobiriwira, ndipo kuchokera pansipa-imvi. Zisoti zake zowonjezera zimapanga kanyumba kakang'ono mpaka mamita awiri. Kawirikawiri mitundu yofunidwa ndi Elwoodi ndi Fletchery. Cyanus Aluma amadziwika chifukwa cha mtundu wake wa buluu, pomwe wobiriwira wachikasu ndi wa mitundu yambiri ya cypress (Kontort, Sanderi).
Mosasamala kanthu za mitundu, izi conifers zimagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ndi kuvunda. M'mavuto a nyengo yachisanu, zina zimayesa kufalitsa mphukira zosakhazikika. Chomeracho si chopanda nzeru, chikhoza kupulumuka chilala, koma kusowa kwa chinyezi chidzawonetsedwa pa chikhalidwe chake.
Mukudziwa? Chamaecyparis mu Chilatini amatanthauza "bodza cypress".
Kusiyana kwa cypress kuchokera ku cypress
Ngakhale kusokonezeka pakati pa cypress ndi cypress, kudziwa kuti kusiyana kwawo sikuli kovuta kwambiri.
Mitengo ya cypress imakhala ndi zobiriwira, zobiriwira zakuda ndi singano zachikasu ndi nsalu ya buluu ya singano. Amapanga korona wofanana ndi maonekedwe a mawonekedwe abwino. Masamba a zitsanzo zazing'onoting'ono ndizosaoneka ngati singano, ndipo nthawi yowonjezera imawoneka pa iwo. Iwo amadziwika ndi okhwima ndi olimba. Nthambi zimakhala zosalala kuposa cypress, zimayikidwa mu ndege yomweyo. Zipsepse zakunja chaka. Kusiyana ndi kukula kwazing'ono ndi mbewu ziwiri zokha. Kusiyanasiyana kumakhalanso kukana chimfine mothandizidwa ndi cypress. Pamakungwa, singano zimakhala zambiri, thunthu ndi imvi, ndipo zipatso zili ndi mbewu zambiri. Sizimasinthidwa kuti zikhale zotsika kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kulekerera kusintha.
Momwe mungamerekere cypress m'deralo
Cypress - chinthu chokongoletsera mdziko. Kuchokera kumalo okongoletsera, malo aliwonse adzamutsata iye, ngakhale m'minda yamwala, miyala ya miyala, mapiri ndi mapiri. Mitengo yochepa yolima imamera m'miphika kapena m'mitsuko yopangira nyumba ndi ofesi mkati. Koma ngati mumaganizira za kuchuluka kwa zomera zotonthoza, ndiye kuti kusankha malo oti mubzala kuli kofunikira kwambiri.
Masiku ndi kusankha malo kwa cypress
Zokongola kwa cypress mu dzikolo zimapangidwira malo ochepa. Mitundu yonse ya conifers imeneyi imakonda kuwala kwina. Zomera zokha ndi singano zobiriwira zobiriwira zingabzalidwe padzu la dzuwa, ndipo madzi okwanira amafunika. Ngati chiwembu chomwe mumasankha sichitha kuzimitsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, mtengowo udzataya kukongola kwake. Sitikulimbikitsanso kuti mudziwe chikhalidwe cha m'madera otsetsereka, chifukwa mphepo yoziziritsa yozizira imatha kukhazikika. Ngati mwagula mitundu yochepa, iyenso ikugwirizana ndi masitera, munda wamaluwa ndi miphika. Pakati pa zitsanzo zamtali, sankhani ngodya imodzi yokha kapena ikamapangidwe.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati cypress ilibe kuwala kokwanira, idzatambasula korona. Ma singano a azitsulo amasonyeza kusowa kwa madzi komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mawanga a Brown omwe amapezeka pamayambira, oyera pachimake pansi ndi kuvunda kwa mizu amasonyeza madzi okwanira.Dothi la cypress loamy lopanda lala, lomwe lili ndi pH 4.5-5.5. Mosakayikira, chomeracho chidzakhala pa nthaka yobiriwira yobiriwira. Nthawi yabwino yodzala ndi nyengo, pamene dziko lapansi liwomba bwino. Komabe, ntchito yokonzekera iyenera kuchitika mu kugwa.
Ntchito yokonzekera musanafike
Malo oti kubzala atsimikizidwe, kukonzekera kumaphatikizapo kukumba dzenje pasanafike ndikugula mmera.
Kuti chitukuko chonse cha mtengo chikhale chofunikira, nthaka imafewa. Ndicho chifukwa chake chimayamba kuphika mu October. Choyamba, amakumba chiwembucho, amapita mozama pa bayonet, kenaka amatha kupweteka 90 cm pamtunda wa masentimita 60. Mu magulu a magulu amodzi omwewo, sungani mtunda wa mamita 1-4 pakati pa zikhalidwe.
Pamene dzenje liri lokonzeka, lembani pansi pake ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi (20 cm) wosanjikiza wa fumbi kapena miyala ya njerwa. Kusamba kumathandiza kuti madzi asatulukidwe komanso kuteteza kuchepa kwake. Kuti mukhale wokongola wa cypress, samalani feteleza. Pachifukwa ichi, sungani mbali zitatu za nthaka ya sod ndi humus, magawo awiri a peat ndi 1 gawo la mchenga wa mtsinje. Sakanizani zigawozo ndi dothi losanjikiza, sakanizani bwino ndikudzaza phando lirilonse ndi gawo lopatsidwa. Kuzama kwakukulu kofiira ndi filimu, kutetezera m'mphepete mwa mphepo. M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka idzakhala pereperet, idzakhazikika, ndipo microclimate yofunikira idzakhazikitsidwa mmenemo.
Chotsatira chokonzekera chotsatira ndicho kugula chodzala zakuthupi. Kupambana kwa bizinesi yonse yoyamba kumadalira pa nthawi yovuta iyi. Ndibwino kuti mugule malo ogulitsa kapena malo odyetserako antchito, komwe, kuwonjezera pa mbande zapamwamba, mungapeze malangizo othandizira. Mukamagula, samalani mizu. Samalani ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mizu yotseguka, chifukwa mitengo ya cypress imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo imafa pang'onopang'ono.
Ganizirani kuti ogulitsa ena osalungama angakupusitseni mwa kutaya chidebe ndi chomera chomera. Mukhoza kuyang'ana izi mwa kutembenuza chidebecho. Ngati dziko silingagone mokwanira kapena lonse dothi la tuber limagwa, mukhoza kutenga bukuli motsimikiza. Nthano za mbande zosankhidwa ziyenera kukhala zouma mosiyana, ndipo nthambi - kusinthasintha.
Mukudziwa? Fungo la cypress limaletsa tizilombo.
Kubzala achinyamata michesi ya cypress
M'chaka, yang'anani dzenje lokonzekera. Musanadzalemo, tsanulirani bwino ndipo musaiwale kusungunula mtengo wogula. Nthaka ikakhala yosungunuka, yang'anireni mosamalitsa phokosolo, ndipo musagwedezeke, muiike pamodzi ndi dothi ladothi. Onetsetsani kuti mizu yokhomerera yowongoka. N'zotheka kudyetsa chomera china ndi nitroammofoska (300 g ndikofunikira), pokhala wosakaniza agrochemical kwa gawo lapansi kuchokera ku humus, sod lapansi, mchenga ndi peat. Pambuyo pake, mizu ikhoza kudzazidwa kuti phokoso la thunthu lifike kuzu (mizu ya mizu) imakwera masentimita 10 pamwamba pa nthaka. Sambani mdzenje ndikuwukanso pansi - tsopano khosi lazu liyenera kukhala limodzi. Kubzala kumatsirizidwa ndi kuyika mzere wa bwaloli ndi peat wouma, utuchi kapena makungwa. Ngati cypress yapamwamba kwambiri, iyenera kumangirizidwa ku khola.
Zinsinsi za chisamaliro cha nthawi ya cypress
Kukula kwa conifers ndi chinthu chabwino, chifukwa ndizovuta komanso zosasangalatsa. Cypress mukudzala ndi kusamalira pansi pa mphamvu, ngakhale oyambitsa. Mofanana ndi ziwalo zina za mtunduwu, zomerazi zimafuna madzi okwanira, kudyetsa komanso kumasula nthaka nthawi yake.
Nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira
Chifukwa cha malo okhalamo a cypress, yesani kupanga chomera pafupi kwambiri. Chikhalidwe chimakonda chinyontho mumlengalenga ndi nthaka. Choncho kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata. Zitsanzo zosakaniza za zomera zimakhala pafupifupi malita 10 a madzi, ndi mitengo yaing'ono - 5 malita. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, makamaka nyengo yotentha, dothi limanyowa masiku atatu aliwonse ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Mmawa ndi madzulo mitengo imathirizidwa ndi payipi. Kwa mitengo yayikulu ya cypress, nkofunika kupopera mlungu uliwonse, komanso kwa achinyamata - tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti muthamangitse mizu yazing'ono, tsanulirani njira yothetsera "Kornevina".
Udzu wa udzu ndi kumasula nthaka
Kotero kuti nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi dzenje nthawi zonse imakhala yofewa, imamasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, imakhala yozama kwambiri masentimita 20. Pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pamakhala chiopsezo chotsika pamwamba pa mizu. Onetsetsani kuti namsongole sakuyandikira pafupi ndi coniferous, chifukwa kupezeka kwawo kumawononga ngakhale malo okongola kwambiri. Pofuna kuteteza mawonekedwe awo adzatha. Pewani chitsambacho, chidzateteza dothi kuti liwume. Mitengo yaing'ono m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo, ndikofunika kupanga mthunzi waung'ono, wachilengedwe kapena wopanga.
Feteleza feteleza
Nthaŵi ya feteleza ya cypress imabwera m'chaka ndipo imatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June. M'nyengo ya chilimwe simungapange zovala, chifukwa mtengowu umayambira mwakukula ndipo sudzapeza nthawi yozizira. Kwa zitsanzo za achinyamata, kudya koyamba kumachitika patapita miyezi ingapo pambuyo pochoka. Monga feteleza oyenera mchere wambiri wa kemira "Kemira". Mlingo uyenera kukhala wochepa. Mitengo yakale imadyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi, kuwonjezera pa 100 g ya ufa ku mtengo wa mtengo. Kenaka amaikidwa pansi ndikumwa madzi.
Kudulira ndi kupanga mawonekedwe a cypress
M'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, pamafunika kufunika kokonzetsa cypress. Ikuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya kukula, mosasamala mtundu ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, cholinga chachikulu ndicho kuthandiza phokoso lachilengedwe. Mdulidwe uyenera kukhala wopitirira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphukira, osakhalanso. Ndifunikanso kudula nthambi zowonongeka. 
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Mitundu ina ya mitengo ya cypress ili ndi chizoloŵezi chozizira mazira, kotero funso loti liwaphimbe bwanji m'nyengo yozizira limakhala loyenera. Ngakhale kuti chisanu chimatsutsa mbewu, odziwa bwino wamaluwa amalimbikitsa mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya mulching ndi peat kapena masamba ogwa mu mitundu yonse ndi mitundu. Nyumbayi imakhala yofunika kwambiri pa nyengo yachisanu yopanda chipale chofewa. Pa zitsanzo zoterezo amavala korona. Zili zophimbidwa ndi agrofiber kapena burlap. M'chaka chonse nyumba zonse zathyoledwa.
Mukudziwa? Mtengo wa cypress wochititsa chidwi umene unachokera ku Japan unasinthidwa kuti usangalale kwambiri ndi mitundu yonse ya zamoyo.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo
Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya ndi kuukira kwa tizilombo towononga, choncho sichimayambitsa mavuto ambiri. Nthawi zina mavuto amabwera ndi zolakwika zosagwira ntchito zamagetsi. Pamene mtengo wa cypress unasanduka chikasu ndipo unayamba kumira, mantha omwe amakonda okongoletsera munda akusowa: zomwe mungachite, momwe mungapulumutsire. Ndipotu, chifukwa chake chimakhala ndi maonekedwe a akangaude. Mankhwalawa amathira mchere kuchokera ku singano, akusiya madontho a chikasu. Mpweya wosasunthika wa zomera umataya mphamvu, mtundu ndi zofukiza za tsitsi. Ndizosatheka kuchotsa njira yowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale zochepa kuti tiwone. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'ono, mpaka 0,5 mm, timakhala mkati mwa masamba. Polimbana ndi herbicvorous nkhuku zothandiza mankhwala "Neoron", "Nissoran." Konzekerani kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka HIV mu sabata.
Kudyetsa pa madzi a mtengo wa coniferous kumatha ndi kutchinjiriza. Kukhalapo kwake kumawoneka mkati mwa masamba. "Nuprid", "Aktara", "Bi-58 New" idzathandiza kuthetsa tizirombozi.
Ngati cypress ikukula pafupi ndi nthaka, mizu imawopsya. Nthendayi imakhudza zomera ndipo, mwatsoka, sizitha kuchiritsidwa. Zilonda zakodwala zimangowonongedwa, kutenthedwa, ndi nthaka ikuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi madzi otentha ndi mankhwala apadera.
Mmene mungachulukitsire cypress
Chikhalidwe chingafalitsidwe mwambo mwachidwi ndi chithandizo cha mbewu, cuttings ndi kuika. Ngati tikukamba za mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera, njira yobereka imataya tanthawuzo.
Mbewu
Njirayi imakhala nthawi yambiri ndipo imafuna kuleza mtima. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu ya zakutchire, monga mitundu yokongola yomwe imatayika mbali za amayi. Kukolola kumachitika mu kugwa. Zomera zoyenera kubzala ziyenera kuumitsidwa mu uvuni, kusinthasintha kutentha ndi madigiri 30-40. Kenaka imadzazidwa mu chidebe chotsitsimula kuti asungidwe.
Ndikofunikira! Mu nyengo yabwino, kumera kwa mbewu ya cypress kumatenga zaka 15.Musanadzalemo, mbewuzo zimayikidwa patsogolo. Ndondomekoyi ikuyamba mu Januwale. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani gawo lapansi la mchenga ndi mchenga, kuwaza ndi mphamvu zowyala, kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa mbewu. Top yomwe imafalikira ndi nthaka yosanjikiza ya 2 inchi. Kenaka zidazo zimatumizidwa kusungirako mufiriji. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3, amabweretsedwa ku zenera zowonjezera dzuŵa zowera kumera kwa mbewu, pamene akuziteteza kuchokera mwachindunji ultraviolet miyezi. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, bokosi likhoza kutengedwera mumlengalenga, zomwe zidzathandizira kukula kwa mphukira ndi kuumitsa. Pamene mbande zili ndi mphamvu, zimatha kuikidwa mumsewu, ndipo pakutha kuzizira, mabedi akhoza kusungidwa ndi agrofiber. Osati chenicheni chakuti mphukira zonse zidzavutika ndi chisanu. Kuti mupeze mbewu zonse za mbewu ya cypress, zimatenga pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
Cuttings
Njira yothandizira kuzilumikiza ndi yotchuka ndi wamaluwa onse, chifukwa ndi odalirika komanso amatsimikizira kuti mitengo yonse imakhala yotsekemera. Mu May kapena July, chaka cha chaka chatha kapena mphukira zotsatizana zimadulidwa pa mtengo wawung'ono. Mbali ya apical mpaka 10-15 masentimita m'litali imasiyidwa pamagwiritsidwe. Pankhaniyi, ili mfulu kuchokera pansi pa zipilala. Chomera chimakula mu gawo la mchenga wa peat ndipo chimapangidwa ndi polyethylene, kutulutsa zotsatira za wowonjezera kutentha. Mu njira ya rooting, amayang'anira chinyezi, chomwe chiyenera kufika 90%. Kwa miyezi 1.5-2, mbewuyo idzaika mizu yamphamvu, ndipo ikhoza kudziwika pa msewu kukhala malo osatha. Momwe mungayendetsere cypress kuchokera mu chidebe, tatchulidwa pamwambapa. 
Kuyika
Njirayi ndi yophweka, koma ndi yabwino yokhayokha mitundu imene korona imatuluka kapena nthambi zimakhala pansi. Ndi mphukira izi kumapeto kwa kasupe kamene zimangokhala kunja, kenako zimalowa pansi ndi kudula. Pamwamba mudatsanulira phiri laling'ono la gawo lapansi ndi kuthirira mpaka rooting. Pofika kugwa, sapling imasintha bwino, koma musafulumize kuisiyanitsa m'nyengo yozizira kuchokera ku thunthu la mayi. Ndibwino kuti muchite zimenezo m'chaka.
