Mitundu yonse ya plums ikhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: yomwe imatha kudzipiritsa, ndi yomwe imachokera ku mitundu ina.
Pali zambiri zowonjezera mu samobzplednyh mitundu, chifukwa amatha kubweretsa zokolola zambiri. Ndipo pakati pa mitundu ya samobzplodnyh ndizofala kwambiri zipatso zazikulu.
Komabe, zimakhala zophweka kukula ndi kusamalira plums yokha, yomwe tidzakambirana.
Zomera zokhala ndi zitsamba - mitundu ndi zida zawo
Ndipotu, mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi mavitamini sizinali choncho, komanso ambiri. Komanso, kusankha pakati pawo mitundu imeneyo yomwe ingakhale yabwino komanso yokhutira, pamene kufufuza pa intaneti kunali kovuta, komabe kunathekera kuwapeza.
Phindu lofunika kwambiri la mtundu uwu ndi kuti pobzala mitundu yotsatira m'munda wanu, mudzakhala otsimikiza kuti mutenga zokolola..
Pambuyo pake Pakuti samoplodnoy plums sichifunika kubzala m'munda mtengo wamapulanetiNyengo yake ikukula imayendetsa payekha ndipo imatha kupanga zokolola zabwino kwambiri. Kuonjezerapo, zipatso za plumszi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse, ndipo pakati pawo mukhoza kupeza mitundu yonse ya buluu ndi yachikasu.
Zosiyanasiyana za "Oryol Dream"
Mitundu iyi idalumikizidwa ndi kufalitsidwa osati kale kwambiri, zaka khumi zapitazo. Makolo a Orlovskaya Dreams angatchedwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Annushka, yomwe mbuto zoyesedwa momasuka mbuto zoyamba za mvulazi zinasankhidwa.
Mbali zosiyana za chipatso
Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana ndi zazikulu. Ambiri olemera ndi 40-43 magalamu. Mu mawonekedwe, iwo akuzungulira. Kutalika kwa chipatso pamsinkhu ndi 44 millimeters. Chipatsocho chimakhalanso ndi phokoso lalifupi komanso lakuya. Ndi mtundu wake, zipatso zimakhala zofiira ndi mfundo zambiri zochepa, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala okongola kwambiri. Mwa njira, malingana ndi zotsatira za akatswiri oyesa, zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zinalandira chiwonetsero chakunja cha 4.5 mwa asanu.
Thupi la chipatsocho ndi lachikasu, laling'ono mukulinganiza kwake ndi nsipu zambiri. Madzi okhutira mu zamkati ndi okwera. Chosiyana ndi izi zosiyanasiyana ndi madzi ake zamkati ndi mwamtheradi colorless.
Mwalawu mu chipatso ndi wochepa, komabe, umalekanitsidwa kwambiri ndi zamkati. Mphuno ya chipatso ili ndi pafupifupi 10.3% a shuga ndipo ndi 1.1% ya acids, omwe amachititsa kuti kukoma kwawo kukhale koyenera. Zovuta kukoma zipatso adavotera pa 4.4. Cholinga chachikulu cha plums ndi gome.
Malamulo a kucha zipatso za plums "Orlovskaya Maloto" oyambirira, pafupifupi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti za mtengo?
Mtengo wa zosiyanasiyana "Orlovskaya Mechta" si waukulu. Mphamvu ya munthu wake wamkulu - wamkulu wamkulu mtengo monga momwe zingathere ili kufika mamita 2.5 okha. Korona wa mtengo ndi mawonekedwe a piramidi. Nthambi za korona zimafalikira ndi pang'ono.
Chifukwa cha nthambi zing'onozing'ono ndi nthambi, korona wa mtengo wa Orlovskaya Mechta umakhala wandiweyani. Makungwawo ali ndi mtundu wofiirira, ofewa pa nthambi ndi pa thunthu. Mphukira yazing'ono nthawi zambiri imakhala yolunjika, mtundu wa bulauni. Mbali zabwino kwambiri za mtengo ndi maluwa.
Mtengo umayamba kubala chipatso zaka zitatu mutabzala. Pakati pa maluwa, mtengo umalowa mkatikati mwa May, mu nambala 11-18.
Pereka nkhuni amalingalira kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, pafupifupi 99.2 a zipatso za zipatso amakololedwa pa hekitala. Mtengo wapatali pa hekitala ndi oposa 119.8. Mwachibadwa, izi zosiyanasiyana ndi samoplodny.
Zokhudza ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana
Zima zozizira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizozitali, osati osati mitengo yokha, komanso masamba ake. Izi zimachepetsa kukonzekera kwa nyengo yozizira ndipo salola makamaka nkhawa kudutsa masika frosts.
Komanso mtengo amabala zipatso zambiri zipatso zazikulu. Kuwonjezera apo, zipatsozo zili ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri komanso khalidwe. Klyasterosporiozom maula si pafupifupi zoopsa. Kuphatikizana ndi mfundo yakuti mtengo umabala chipatso kumayambiriro ndipo ali ndi zochepetsetsa zabwino, Orlovskaya Mechta zosiyanasiyana zingatchedwe kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yozizira.
Tsopano ponena za zochepetsedwa za zosiyanasiyana
Mwamwayi, koma chifukwa cha zipatso zochuluka za mtengo, kukula kwake kwa zipatso zake nthawi zambiri kumachepa kwambiri. Choncho, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa plums, kulemera kwathunthu sikudzasiyana ndi kulemera kwa mbeu, zomwe zingapezeke ndi zipatso zingapo.
Mbalame zambiri "Red Ball"
Mitengo yowonjezera yokhala ndi zipatso zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatso zokoma komanso zabwino kwambiri. Icho chinapezedwa mwa kuswana. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asayansi a ku Russia adadutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Burbank, yomwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma Sino America, komanso maulendo a Ussuriyskaya Krasnaya. Tsopano tikutanthauzira maula "Red Ball".
Mbali zosiyana za chipatso
Mitunduyi imakhalanso ndi zipatso zambiri. Awo misa ofanana pafupipafupi 35-40 magalamu. Maluwa apamwamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mtundu wa peel ndi wofiira womwewo ngati zipatso za Orlovskaya Dreams zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Peel ndi yandiweyani, imakhala yofiira kwambiri.
Mnofu wa chipatso ndi wachikasu. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndiwotayirira kwambiri, ali ndi zizindikiro zooneka bwino. Mankhwalawa ali ndi madzi ochulukirapo, omwe amatha kukwaniritsa kukoma kwake.
Chipatsochi chimakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri. Kulawa kuyesa kulawa mapulogalamu "Red Ball" - Mfundo 4 wa 5. Mwala wa chipatso si waukulu, n'zovuta kupatukana ndi zamkati. Nthawi zambiri zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tebulo.
Zipatso zipse msanga. Nthawi yoyenera yokolola ndiyo chiyambi cha August.
Za mitundu ya mitengo "Red Ball"
Ndi kukula kwake, mtengo umatha kufika kutalika kwa msinkhu wokha, womwe ndi mamita 2.5. Mtengo wa mtengo wa mitundu iyi uli ndi korona wozungulira. Palibe nthambi zambiri, chifukwa chake korona uli wandiweyani wandiweyani.
Fruiting pamakalasi zambirizomwe zimakulolani kuti mupeze zipatso zabwino za plums. Zipatso zimapangidwira pa nthambi za maluwa ndi pa mphukira zomwe zinapangidwa chaka chapitacho.
Fruiting mu mtengo wa zosiyanasiyanazi amayamba molawirira, mwamsanga zaka 2-3 mutabzala.
Kodi ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi ubwino wanji?
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa zipatso zake ndi khalidwe lawo lapamwamba. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mabala okongola, chifukwa cha zikopa zawo zowonongeka, amatha kunyamulidwa pamtunda wautali ndithu.
Komanso, zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana mwamsanga fruiting, zipatso ake kucha msanga kwambiri ndipo sikutanthauza kutentha ndi mitundu ina. Mtengowo ndi masamba ake amalola kutentha kwambiri, samawopa chisanu, chomwe chingagwe mwadzidzidzi kumapeto kwa nyengo. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa izi zosiyanasiyana kwa clautrosporia kumatchulidwa.
Koma pali zochepa
Makhalidwe abwino a zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi ochepa kwambiri kwa ena ambiri, chifukwa chake "Mbalame Yofiira" ingatchedwe maulamuliro.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za chisamaliro ndi kukwera kwa zitsime zam'madzi.
Zolemba zosiyanasiyana "Memory of Timiryazev": kufotokoza
Mitundu yozizira yosiyanasiyana imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa yotchuka komanso yodziwika bwino. Iyo inalembedwa pakati pa zaka zapitazo, poyendetsa maula "Victoria" mosiyana ndi "Redhead Red".
Ambiri omwe amapezeka ku Central ndi Volga-Russia.
Mbali zosiyana za chipatso
Zipatso zimakhala zazikulu zedi, pafupifupi, zolemera zawo ndi 22 magalamu okha. Maonekedwe a plums a zosiyanasiyana ndi oval. Mimba ya m'mimba imakhala yosaoneka.
Zithunzi iwo kwenikweni wofiirakoma ali ndi mbiya zofiira, zomwe zimapangidwa motsogoleredwa ndi dzuwa. Komanso, zipatso ndizochitika chiwerengero chachikulu cha zigawo zochepazomwe zili zofiira. Peelyo ili ndi kapangidwe ka sera.
Mnofu wa chipatsocho ndi wachikasu, mawonekedwe ake ndi abwino kwambiri komanso amadziwika kwambiri. Madzi wokhutira mu chipatso ndiwo ambiri. Ndiponso, pa msinkhu wa chiwerengero ndi shuga (9.3%) mu mapira a plums ndi digiri ya mawonetseredwe a kukoma kwawo. 100 magalamu a zamkati ali ndi 11 mg ya vitamini C. Zakudya zimayesedwa ndi tasters pamasamba 4.2 kuchokera pa 5.
Ponena za kucha, mitundu yosiyanasiyana iyenera kukhala yodziwika ndi ochedwa, popeza kuphulika kwa zipatso kumapezeka m'masiku otsiriza a August - masiku oyambirira a September.
Timiryazev Memorial Tree
Mtengo ukalamba umafika pamsinkhu waukulu, umene uli wokonzeka powasamalira. Korona ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Chifukwa cha zing'onozing'ono za nthambi zazikulu, korona wafalikira mpaka pang'onopang'ono.
Degree wa masamba komanso pafupifupi. Mphukira ili ndi kuwala kofiirira, pansi mpaka pansi. Fruiting makamaka amapangidwa pa nthambi zamaluwa ndi mphukira pachaka.
Mtengo wamaluwa umayamba mozungulira May 12-22. Zokolola zoyamba zimaperekedwa kokha chaka cha 4 mutabzala.
Mtengo umaonedwa kuti ndi wolimba komanso amatha kubala chipatso kwa zaka 21.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti mosasamala kanthu kuti mtengo uli wodzikonda, zokolola zake ndizoposa. Pafupifupi 9 kilograms amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi mu nyengo imodzi. Nthawi zina zokolola zimatha kuwonekera, koma pa zaka 16 za fruiting, pafupipafupi, zikuwoneka kokha kawiri.
Ubwino wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maulamuliro
Zipatso mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Memory of Timiryazev" chachikulu ndi chapamwamba kwambiri. Khalani ndi maonekedwe abwino. Zipatso ziyenera kutengedwa. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yonse yomwe mungathe kupita ku plums.
Mtengo uli wokhazikika ndipo umatha kukhazikitsidwa mofulumira, womwe umalola kuti mitengo ikhale yobiriwira nthawi zonse kuti ikule kukula kwa chipatsocho. Matenda ngati klyasterosporiosis ndi zowola zipatso, zosiyanasiyana sizimakhudzidwa. Zabwino zamasamba ochuluka.
Tsopano kwa chiwonongeko
Zosiyanasiyana ndi mantha kwambiri otentha. Makamaka anakhudzidwa ndi chisanu mphukira. Nthambi ndi mitengo ya maluwa zimakhudzidwa ndi chisanu moyenera. Komanso pakati Mtengo ndi kulekerera kwa chilala. Zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhupakupa ngati mtengo sukuperekedwa nthawi komanso nthawi zonse ndi zokonzekera.
Mtundu Wambiri Wofiirira Womwe Umadziwika
Mitundu ya Samoplodny yosiyana siyana, yomwe sinayambe kudziwika. Amagawidwa kwambiri ndipo amadziwika chifukwa cha kukoma kwa chipatso.
Mbali zosiyana za chipatso
Mu zipatso zosiyanazi ndi za kukula kwake. Kulemera kwake kumakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 30 magalamu. Zili zozungulira. Khungu la mphukira zakuda ndi lofiirira, lopaka sera. Zipatso ziri zachikasu.
Mphuno ya chipatso cha kukhwima chosasuntha ili ndi mtundu wachikasu. Mwa dongosolo, ndi lalikulu kwambiri, madzi amathira. Muzabwino. Komanso amadziwika ndi kukoma kokometsetsa komwe kumayambitsa njala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse mu mawonekedwe atsopano komanso pokonzekera jams, jams ndi compotes.
Nthawi ya zipatso zakucha ndizopakati, kukhwima kotheka kumayambira pakati pa mwezi wa August.
Pang'ono ponena za mtengo
Mtengo wa zosiyanasiyanazi umakula kwambiri, ngakhale kukula kwa korona ndizopakati. Crown thickening ndiyomweyi. Nthambi zikuluzikulu zimachoka ku thunthu pang'onopang'ono.
Kuwombera ndi bulauni, molunjika ndi pang'ono choviikidwa. Fruiting amaganizira makamaka nthambi za maluwa.
Sakani "Mbalame Yodzizira Kwambiri" amalingalira kwambirizomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa mtengo.
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana "Yellow Samoplodnaya"
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zake zabwino zachikasu za kukoma mtima ndi cholinga cha chilengedwe chonse. Kuchuluka kwake kwa khungu kumapangitsa kuti azitha kuyenda bwino. Mtengo wa zosiyanasiyana "Yellow Samoplodnaya" ali mkulu kukana otsika kutentha.
Zoipa za kalasi iyi
Chosavuta chachikulu ndi kukula kwake kwa mtengo, zomwe zimavuta kwambiri kusamalira ndi kukolola. Kuwonjezera apo, mtengo umatenga malo ambiri a munda.
Makhalidwe amasamalira famu yokhala ndi fruited
Dulani zowononga mitengo
Mitundu yapakati ndi yayitali ya plums, ngakhale ifunika kudulira, sayenera kukhala yowonongeka. Kupita molunjika mtengo ukuwomberafupi ndi 1-2 masamba. Woyendetsa wamkulu akhoza kupfupikitsidwa mpaka masentimita 30 (malingana ndi kukula kwa mmera).
Korona wa mtengo wapachaka uyeneranso kukonzedwa kuti ukhale korona yake yoyenera. Pakati pa nthambi zonse zowonjezera, muyenera kusankha mwamphamvu kwambiri ndi kupanga mawindo 3-4, nthambi ziwiri ndi ziwiri pamtundu uliwonse (nthambi zambiri ziyenera kukhala m'munsi mwake, ndi zing'onozing'ono m'mwamba).
Mbewu zotsalazo zimakonzedwanso, koma izi zimachitika motere kuti nthambi zotsika kwambiri ndizozitali kwambiri, ndipo pamwamba pake ndizozitali kwambiri. Koma motalika kwambiri ayenera kukhala woyendetsa.
Kudulira kwina kuli cholinga chochotsa nthambi zowonongeka ndi zouma, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa zipatso, ndi kusunga kutalika kwa otsogolera.
Feteleza samoplodnyh mitundu
Manyowa opangira mitunduyi sakhala ovuta. Kudyetsa kumachitika pakapita zaka 2-4kugwiritsira ntchito pazinthu zonse organic ndi mineral feteleza. Manyowa amchere, monga superphosphates ndi potaziyamu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka ngati ulimi wothirira.
About kuthirira plums
Koma kuthirira plums ndi nthawi zonse komanso nthawi zonse, chifukwa zimakonda kwambiri nthaka yonyowa. Kuthirira kumachitika nthawi yonse yokula, kamodzi pamwezi. Komabe, pakakhala chilala chachikulu, madzi okwanira ayenera kukwera mpaka 2-3 pa mwezi. Amafuna kuthirira mtengo, ngakhale mu September, kugulitsa pa zofunika zinthu kwa dzinja bwino.
Kuphika maula m'nyengo yozizira
Ngakhale kuti mkulu kukana ambiri mitundu pamaso yozizira chisanu, m'nyengo yozizira, thunthu la mtengo liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chisanu chachikulu ndi kuphimba ndi udzu pamwamba. Izi sizidzangoteteza ku frostbite, komanso motsutsana ndi makoswe osiyanasiyana.
Mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kugwadira pansi ndi kutentha ndi chisanu. Zimalimbikitsidwa kumangiriza nthambi za mtengo wachinyamata m'nyengo yozizira limodzi, ndi tsache limodzi.
Zomera zokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maula
Malo oti akakhalepo ndi kusankha mphepo yopanda mpweya, kuti asawononge mpweya wozizira.
Chipatso chimakonda dzuwa ndi zipatso zoipa pamadera othunzi.
Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa poika munda, kupanga mtunda pakati pa mitengo yamkati ndi yautali kuyambira 2.5 mpaka 3.5 mamita. Danga pakati pa mizera liyenera kukhala mamita 4.
Pitani pofika amakonzekera masabata 2-3. Kuthira kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 60, kuti dothi losakaniza ndi feteleza feteleza likhale pansi (ife tigona tukumba dzenje, kuti dothi likhale ndi nthawi yothetsera musanadzalemo).
Timatsitsa mmera mu dzenje kuti mizu yake ikhale ya 5-7 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Kenaka, timadzaza sapling ndi nthaka popanda kuwonjezera feteleza (zimalimbikitsanso kutsanulira dothi lopanda dothi popanda feteleza pansi pa sapling).
Dothi liyenera kukhala lopangidwa bwino kwambiri moti palibe mpweya pafupi ndi mizu, mwinamwake imatha kuyuma mizu. Sapling madzi ambiri. Kubwereza kuthirira kumakhala masabata ena awiri.
Pafupi nthawi yobwera
Nthawi yabwino yolima phala ndi masika, popeza nthawi yamadzulo kubzala pali mwayi waukulu kuti mbeuyo idzafota. M'chaka, patadutsa masiku 3-5 chisanu chitatha, chimera chimabzalidwa. Ndi bwino kubzala sapling pachaka, chifukwa imayamba mizu mofulumira.
