Chigawo chilichonse cha nyengo chili ndi makhalidwe ake, ndipo si mitundu yonse ya apulo yabwino. Kukula mtengo wamtengo wapatali wamaluwa ndikupeza zokolola zambiri, muyenera kudzidziwitsa ndi zinthu zonse za mtengo wa apulo.
Lero tidzasankha mitundu ya dera la kumpoto chakumadzulo ndipo tidzakambirana zomwe zimabzala.
Timadziŵa mitundu yambiri ya mitengo ya apulo ku North-West
Mitundu ya maapulo "Antonovka Ordinary"
Mtengo wa apulo wamba, wobadwira ndi oweta amitundu kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazo. Amakhalabe bwino ndipo amabala zipatso ku Central Russia, m'chigawo cha North-West, m'chigawo cha Belarus ndi kumpoto kwa Ukraine. Maapulo oyambirira a chisanu "Antonovki" imasiyanitsa bwino kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi gawo lapadera la msika wa apulo.
Ukulu wa zipatso makamaka zamkati. Maonekedwewo angakhale omaliza komanso ophwanyika. Ngakhale kuti mtengo nthawi zambiri umapanga maapulo amodzimodzi, ena amakhala ofanana pang'ono ndi calyx. Kudula ndi chizindikiro chabwino.
Tsamba la chipatsocho ndi losalala ndi pang'ono phokoso pafupi ndi mphiri. Mtundu wa maapulo, omwe ali kale okonzekera kuchotsedwa, ndi wobiriwira-wachikasu. Koma patatha nthawi inayake ya kunama maapulo kwathunthu kutembenukira chikasu. "Chotupa" mu chipatso ndi chosowa.
Mnofu wa zipatso za "Antonovka Ordinary" ndi yowutsa mudyo, wachikasu pansi pa kuyamba kwa kucha. Sakani mu maapulo a zosiyanasiyana wokoma ndi wowawasa, koma ndi khalidwe losiyana la acidity, lomwe lakhala ngati chizindikiro cha panthaŵiyo.
Komanso, zipatso za "Antonovka" zimakhala ndi zokondweretsa kwambiri komanso zolimbikitsa kununkhiza. 100 magalamu a zipatso zosiyanasiyana "Antonovka" ili ndi pafupifupi 17 mg ya ascorbic acid.
Wolimba mtengo "Antonovki" amafika kukula kwakukulu kwambirikuti, komabe, sichimasokoneza wamaluwa. Korona poyamba imapeza mawonekedwe ovunda, koma ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa fruiting nthawi zonse imakula pang'ono, nthambi zimatsikira pansi. Nthambi za mtengo zimachoka pamtengo wake pang'onopang'ono madigiri 70, zimapanga mphete zochuluka zowonjezera zipatso.
Mitundu yambiri imatha kusintha mwamsanga ndi molondola pa nyengo yatsopano. Pereka "Antonovki" pamwamba, pafupifupi, pafupifupi mazana awiri pa hakitala. Panalipo milandu ngati makilogalamu 1,000 a zipatso anali kukolola kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi wa Antonovka.
Kupereka kwa maapulo okongola, kukoma kwake ndi juiciness kumapanga maapulo oyenerera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe opangira ndi pambuyo pa kukonza. Frost kukana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Fruiting mumtengo mitundu imayamba 7-8 zaka mutabzala mtengo. Ngakhale chifukwa chakuti pamapeto pake mbewu zochuluka, mtengo ukutengedwa, anthu ambiri amakana kulima. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa miyezi itatu yokha; pafupi ndi dera la Kumwera mitengo imabzalidwa, makamaka fruiting ndi zaka khalani nawo sichidzakhala nthawi zonse.
Maapulo osiyanasiyana "Anise Striped" ("Anise Gray")
Chinanso chosiyana chimene makolo alibe. Komabe, izi sizingachepetse zoyenera zake. Zapindulitsa kwambiri kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia. Zipatso zikumera mochedwa, mu October.
Zipatso zambiri zimakhala zofanana, zofiira kapena zochepa kwambiri kuposa kukula kwake. Mapangidwe awo ndi ozungulira, ophatikizidwa, osungunula pang'ono pafupi ndi chikho. Makhalidwe odziwika bwino. Khungu la chipatso chokhwima ndi losalala, pokhapokha mumphuno, kupweteka ndi kukwiya kungathe kuchitika. Makhalidwe owomba sera. Mtundu wa chipatso chokhwima ndi wobiriwira, wovekedwa ndi malaya ophatikizana okhala ndi makina.
Mukamakula, thupi limakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira komanso wobiriwira. Chipatso cha juiciness ndi chapamwamba. Kukoma kokoma ndi wowawasa kumaphatikizapo ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri la anise, lomwe limamveka ngakhale popanda kudula apulo. Zomwe zili ndi ascorbic acid ndizosafunikira, 7 mg pa 100 magalamu a apulo.
Mtengo wolimba kwambiri "Anis Striped" uli ndi mawonekedwe ofanana kwambiri a korona. Korona uli ndi zigoba nthambi za sing'anga makulidwe. Makungwa pa nthambi za bulauni, zomwe zimadziwika ndi zovuta. Mbali zobala zipatso za mtengo ndi nthungo ndi kolchati. Kusinthika bwino ndi kukhazikika Mtengowu umatsimikizira kuti umatha kukhazikika: umatha kukhala ndi kubereka zipatso kwa zaka 100.
Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ndi chilala. Fruiting mowolowa manja: kuchoka ku mtengo umodzi pafupifupi makilogalamu 300 zipatso. Amagonjetsa mitundu yambiri yakhazikika ndi kukoma kwa chipatso. Pogwiritsiridwa ntchito, zipatsozo ndizoyenera osati zofiira, komanso monga kuyanika, vinyo wa apulo, mtanda, mkodzo.
Woperewera ndi mitundu ina ya "Anis" ndi kuchepa kwa zipatso zawo. Sungani moyo chiwerengero chawo chili chokha Miyezi iwiri, mitengo ikhale fruiting ali ndi zaka 5-6. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosabala. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zokolola zingasonyezedwe periodicity ya fruiting.
N'zosangalatsanso kuti muwerenge za mitundu yabwino ya apulo mitundu ya Moscow
Kufotokozera mitundu ya maapulo "Grushevka Moskovskaya" ("Grushovka", "Skorospelka")
Izi Zosiyanasiyana zimayambira chilimwe ndipo amakondwera ndi zipatso zake mu masiku oyambirira a August. Zinawoneka chifukwa cha kuyesayesa kwa azitsamba. Amadziwika kwambiri kumpoto kwa North-West ndi Ural.
Zipatso za mtundu umenewu ana aang'ono. Mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mpiru - mwamphamvu flattened. Palibenso zovuta. Palibe dzimbiri pa khungu losalala. Pansi pa khungu pali madontho ambiri a zoyera.
Mtundu wa chipatso chokhwima, wokonzeka kudulidwa, ndi wobiriwira. Patatha nthawi yogona, amakhala oyera. Mtundu wapamwamba umaphimbidwa ndi "manyazi" osakanikirana ndi mikwingwirima ya pinki.
Mtundu wa zamkati mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yoyera ndi wachikasu tinge, koma pansi pa khungu akhoza kukhala pinki. Juiciness mkulu. Kukoma ndi kosavuta, kununkhira, kotsekemera ndi kutchulidwa kwakukulu kwa asidi. Zokhudzana ndi ascorbic acid muthupi ndizosafunikira, pafupifupi 9.3 mg pa 100 magalamu a zipatso.
Mtengo kachiwiri mwamphamvu. Crohn ali wamng'ono ali ndi mawonekedwe a pyramidal, omwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mbeu zamasamba zimakhala zozungulira. Nthambizi ndizolimba komanso zowonongeka, masamba ambiri. Fruiting m'kalasiyi ndi kolchatki yokha.
Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyana izi ndizo ayamba kubala chipatsokuposa nthawi zambiri kuphimba zofooka zina zonse. Kutsika-ololera. Kukaniza kwa chisanu kumakhala kwakukulu, kupitirira kukana kwa mitundu ina ku North-West dera. Kukhalitsa, monga taonera kale, ndikumayambiriro kwambiri.
Zipatso ndizochepa ndipo zimapsa osati panthawi imodzi (chifukwa chake zimagwa). Salafu moyo wa zipatso ndi masabata 2-3 okha, choncho ndi oyenera kokha kuti azidya mofulumira komanso kuti azipiritsa madzi. Kulimbana ndi nkhanambo ndiyomweyi.
Maapulo osiyanasiyana "Asterisk": kufotokoza
Mosiyana ndi zomwe zapitazo, zosiyanazi ndi zotsatira za ntchito ya sayansi ya akatswiri a geneticists ndi wofalitsa, ndipo makolo ake ndi Pepinka Lithuanian ndi Anis. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira, malo ake ocheperapo kwambiri omwe amapezeka ku North-West.
Zipatso izi zosiyanasiyana zochepa koma chokoma mokwanira. Mu mawonekedwe, iwo amawongolera ndi kuzungulira. Khungu ndi losalala, lophimbidwa ndi chofunda chofewa. Mtundu waukulu wa chipatso ndi wobiriwira. Mtundu wa chivundikiro umaperekedwa mwa mawonekedwe a "blush", omwe ali ndi mdima wofiira wakuda. Popeza nsombazi zimakhala pafupi ndi chipatso chonsecho, mitengo ya apulo ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Mnofu nthawi zambiri umakhala wobiriwira, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwa topcoat, ndi pinkish pafupi ndi khungu la mitundu yambiri. Chipatso cha juiciness ndi chapamwamba. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi abwino. Sakani inayesedwa ndi makina onga chabwino, ali ndi mthunzi wowawa. Zokhudzana ndi ascorbic acid mu zamkati ndi 15 mg pa 100 magalamu a zipatso.
Mtengo wolimba kwambiri wa mitundu iyi uli ndi korona wozungulira. Komabe, patapita nthawi, iye, wolemedwa ndi mbewu, amachulukitsa pang'ono ndi kuwononga. Korona ili ndi nthambi zazikulu za chigoba ndi nthambi zoonda. Zipatso zopereka mtengo ndi nthambi ndi phokoso.
Pereka izi zosiyanasiyana zikuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse. Kuperekedwa kwa chipatsocho ndipamwamba kwambiri, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, mpaka February. Komanso, ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi kukoma kwa chipatso.
Komabe, zipatso zomwe kale sizinali zazikulu ndi zaka za mtengo zimayamba kufooka. Pachifukwa ichi, mtengo umafuna kusamalira nthawi zonse ndi kudulira nthambi kuti zithandize kukula kwa chipatso. Mwa njira, mtengo umayankha kudulira mwangwiro. Fruiting ikuyamba makamaka kuyambira zaka 5-7.
Apple zosiyanasiyana "Kaminoni Yatsopano"
Izi zimakhala za kumapeto kwa autumn. Makolo ake ndi mitundu "Cinnamon Striped" ndi "Welsey". Kukula kwake sikuyenera kuvomereza nthaka yakuda, choncho imafalikira kudera la North-West ndi Central. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalimbikitsidwa ndi amaluwa wamaluwa ndi amalonda m'minda yaikulu yamalonda.
Kukula kwa chipatsocho ndi kwakukulu: kulemera kwake kuli pakati pa 130 mpaka 160 magalamu. Maonekedwe a maapulo okhwima ndi okongola, olondola. Chimodzimodzinso zipatso. Khungu ndi laliwisi, koma losalala.
Pali zigawo zambiri zogonjetsa, zimakhala zakuda kapena zozizira muzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa mtundu waukulu ndiwo wachikasu. Pamwamba pa chipatso chonse muli zipatso zambirimbiri zomwe zimakhala ndi topcoat.
Mnofu wochuluka si wolimba kwambiri komanso wokhazikika kwambiri. Chipatso cha juiciness ndi chapamwamba, mchere wokoma ndi wowawasa wa Cinnamon New umaphatikizidwa ndi fungo lokoma kwambiri. 100 magalamu a chipatsocho ali ndi 15 mg ya ascorbic acid.
Mtengo wa zosiyanasiyanazi umakula kwambiri. Amadziwikanso ndi piramidal lonse, kenaka ndi korona wapamwamba. Ndiponso korona ndi wandiweyani kwambiri, ili ndi nthambi zazikulu za mtundu wa chigoba. Nthambi zimayikidwa pa thunthu pang'onopang'ono. Fruiting gawo la mtengo ndi kolala.
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zabwino zake m'maonekedwe ndi kulawa, zipatso. Kugwiritsa ntchito maapulo atsopano "Cinnamon New" kumatha mpaka January. Zipatso zomwe zimabzalidwa sizingatheke paokha. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wokha uli wokhazikika kwambiri kwa chisanu ndi nkhanambo.
Komabe fruiting mtengo izi zosiyanasiyana imayamba mochedwa - zaka 6-7 zokha mutabzala. Ngakhale kuti pofika msinkhu, zokolola zimangowonjezereka, mtengo ukhoza kubala zipatso nthawi ndi nthawi. Komanso, korona wamphamvu ndi yosasangalatsa kwambiri pokolola ndipo imatenga malo ambiri m'munda. Zipatso zingasokonezeke kuchokera kutentha.
Chisamaliro choyenera - zonse zomwe mukufunikira kudziwa za mitundu ya kumpoto kwa West
Timadula mitengo ya apulo ya mitundu iyi
Popeza mitengo ya kumpoto-Western dera ndi yamphamvu ndipo imakhala ndi malo ambiri m'munda, iyenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse. Kuyambira ali wamng'ono, izi sizidzalola kuti apange mawonekedwe abwino komanso oyenerera, komanso kuonjezera ubwino ndi kukula kwa chipatsocho. Mu mitengo yobala zipatso, kudula mitengo kumakhala makamaka pofuna kuchotsa nthambi zowonongeka ndi zouma.
Tsopano za mbali za feteleza
Kodi ndizingati komanso kuchuluka kwa mtengo wa apulo bwanji sikudzadalira zosiyana, koma pa nthaka yomwe idabzalidwa. Ngati dothi liri lachonde, ndiye kuti feteleza sichifunikira.Mwina kamodzi pachaka, mukhoza kuwonjezera mtengo ndi njira yothetsera nayitrogeni - izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukula ndi zipatso za zipatso.
Komabe, ngati dothi siliri lachonde kwambiri, humus ndi peat zimayambira muzomwe zimabzalidwa bwino. Kuwonjezera apo.
Kuvala pamwamba kumatha katatu pachaka, kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni, superphosphates ndi calcium sulphate.
Kodi ndiyenera kuthirira mitengo?
Mitengo ya apulo sichisowa kuthirira, makamaka imakhudza mitengo yochuluka yotere yomwe ikuimira mitundu ya North-Western. Madzi amangofunikira sapling mwamsanga mutabzala ndi mwezi wotsatira pakapita masabata awiri.
Komanso, ngati chilimwe chidzakhala chouma kwambiri, ndiye kuthirira kuti apulo ikhale yoyenera - osachepera 5 zidebe za madzi ziyenera kufunikira mtengo umodzi.
Kusamalira mtengo wa apulo m'nyengo yozizira
Pokonzekera munda m'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunika kulingalira kuti kulimbana ndi chisanu. Chinthu chofunikira komanso kukula kwa mizu - zimadalira kuti nthaka yakuya ingakhale yoopsa pa mtengo wanu wa apulo.
Mitundu ya kumpoto-kumadzulo kwa dera ndi yayitali, motero mizu ya mitengoyi ndi yakuya. Asanafike nyengo yozizira okolostvolny bwalo likuyenera kuyika peyala ndi humus pafupifupi masentimita 10 pamwamba. Pakufika chisanu, wosanjikiza akhoza kuwonjezeka, kuphatikizapo chifukwa cha chisanu chomwe chinagwa.
Choopsa chachikulu kwa mitengo ya apulo m'nyengo yozizira ndi makoswe. Pofuna kuteteza mtengowo, tambani mtengo wa mtengo kumapazi apansi ndi nthambi za spruce. Ndibwino kuti, muzipukuta ndi ruberoid. Motero, makoswe samangofika pamtengo.
Kubzala Mitengo ya Apple ku Northwest Region
Ndi nthawi yanji yoti musankhe kubzala?
Ngakhale kuti nthawi yoyambilira yoyambilira yoyambilira ya masika ndi yachitsamba ndi yoyenera kwa mitengo ya apulo, njira yoyamba idakali yabwino kwa mitundu iyi. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti chisanu m'derali chikhoza kubwera mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo mmerawo umayenera kuikidwa patatha milungu iwiri isanachitike.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala kuti panthawi yopatsirizika mtengo sudzapeza nthawi yoti ukhale wodekha ndipo ukhoza kuwononga kwambiri panthawi yopatsa.
Kudzala msipu kumachitika patapita masiku angapo pambuyo pa kutentha kwa chisanu ndi nthaka.
Kodi nthaka ikufunika chiyani?
Njira yabwino kwambiri ya apulo ya dera lachindunji ndi yachonde yokhala ndi dongosolo labwino la ngalande. Izi zimatsutsana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya apulo yomwe inanenedwa pamwambapa ndi dothi komanso nthaka. Nthaka yomwe imakhala ndi asidi sizingagwire ntchito (koma ikhoza kuzimitsidwa mwa kuwonjezera nitrate ku nthaka).
Pitani kukafika
Gowo ayenera kukumba pasadakhale - masabata 2-4 musanadzalemo. Ngakhale ngati kuli kubzala kasupe - osachepera masiku 3-4. Pansi pa dzenje, dothi la pamwamba limatsanulira pamodzi ndi humus ndi peat. Timasindikiza ndi kufalitsa mizu ya mmera.
Gwetsani mmera momwe mzere wa mizu ulibe pamwamba pa nthaka. Kenaka, yang'anani mosamala nthaka ndi kutsanulira nyemba ndi 2-3 ndowa zamadzi.
