Maloto a okonda chitumbuwa chilichonse ndi okondwerera zipatso chaka chonse. Kapena muonjezere moyo wa alumali wa zipatso. Koma ndibwino kuti musasankhe zosiyanasiyana ndi moyo wazitali, ndipo pitani pa malo ake chitumbuwa chokoma cha nyengo yakucha.
Choncho, pamene zipatso za mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa chitumbuwa zatha kale, amadya ndikukulunga m'mabanki, kenako amayamba kuphuka. Ndi za mitundu iyi ndipo tidzakambirana mmunsimu.
Mitundu yamakono yamaluwa yamatcheri "Bryanochka"
Mitundu yambiri ya yamatcheri yamatcheri, omwe zipatso zake zimapsa mofulumira mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, zimapezeka ndi njira zosankha. Makamaka, kuigwiritsa ntchito kunagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ngati "8-14", kudutsa ndi chitumbuwa "Dens Red".
Mitengoyi imakhala yaikulu.. Kukula kwakukulu kumaphatikizapo 4.7 mpaka 7.1 magalamu. Kutalika kwa zipatso zopsa kucha pafupifupi 2.1 centimita, m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita awiri, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi 1.9. Maonekedwe a yamatcheri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ofanana ndi mtima. Momwemonso, pamwamba pa chipatsocho ndi kuzungulira, ndipo maziko awo ndi ophweka. Mu maonekedwe iwo ali ofiira a mdima wandiweyani, okongola kwambiri, ali ndi maulendo apamwamba.
Manyowa ndi madzi omwe ali nawo amapezeka mu yamatcheri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Bryanochka, ngati khungu liri ndi mdima wofiira. Mapangidwe a zamkati ndi owopsa kwambiri, olemera mokoma. Kuwoneka kwa kukoma kwa zipatso, kosankhidwa ndi akatswiri olemera, ndi ofanana ndi 4.7 mfundo zisanu.
Shuga yokhudzana ndi sayansi ya zakuthupi ya thupi la chitumbuwayi ndi yokwanira 49 kuposa asidi. Komanso magalamu 100 a chipatsocho ali ndi 15.6 mg wa vitamini C, omwe amachititsa kuti zipatsozo zikhale zothandiza kwambiri.
Mphuno wa mabulosiwo uli ndi mawonekedwe owombera ndi pamwamba komanso pamwamba. Kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 0,31 (6.6% ya kulemera kwathunthu kwa mabulosi). Ili ndi mtundu wofiira. Mtundu wabwino wa mitundu imeneyi ndi kuti fupa limakhala losiyana ndi zamkati.
Zipatso zimakula mochedwa, pakati pa mwezi wa July.
Kukula kwa mtengo wa chitumbuwa cha Bryanochka ndiwowonjezera, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya chitumbuwa chokoma. Korona wa mtengo ndi yosawerengeka, uli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ozungulira. Akuwombera pamtengo amapanga amphamvu, molunjika ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe masamba. Muzitsamba zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera, masamba a mtengo ndi ovoid.
Masambawo amapangidwa kwakukulu kwambiri, oboola mawonekedwe. Pamwamba ndi pansi pa tsamba la mtengo umenewu. The inflorescences yomwe imapanga pamtengo pamapeto pake (yomwe imamveka mochedwa masiku a zipatso), zimapangidwa makamaka ndi 2-3 maluwa. Maluwa amasiyana mu sing'anga kukula ndi maonekedwe oboola. Makonzedwe a pamakhala a Cherry "Cherry" maluwa ndi mfulu, osakhudzirana. Iwo ali oyera mu mtundu.
Sweet Cherry "Bryanochka" omwe amadziwika ndi zokolola kwambiri. Makamaka, pafupifupi 93 zipatso za zipatso zimakololedwa kuchokera ku hekita imodzi ya mitengo. Mtengo wapamwamba pa hekita ndi anthu 308. Mtengo umapereka zokolola zoyamba pokhapokha chaka chachisanu chitatha mutabzala pamalo osatha.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zosiyanasiyana zimatha kupanga zokolola kwambiri. Komanso, zipatso za yamatcheri "Bryanochka" amadziwika ndi zodabwitsa kukoma ndi wokongola maonekedwe. Kuwonjezera apo, onse mtengo ndi masamba ndi mphukira ali mokweza mkulu mlingo wa kukana yozizira frosts ndi kasupe chisanu. Kukana kwa kutero matendamonga coccomycosis nawonso kwambiri.
Chosavuta chachikulu cha Bryanochka lokoma chitumbuwa ndicho kalasiyo ndi yopanda pake, ndiko kuti, osakhoza kudzipiritsa. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mitundu yamatcheri monga "Tyutchevka", "Iput", "Veda" pamodzi ndi "Bryanochka" pa webusaitiyi.
Chifukwa cha mitundu iyi, mutha kupeza mapulaneti abwino komanso zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Komanso, tifunika kuzindikira nthawi ya kumapeto kwa fruiting (zaka zisanu) ndi pafupifupi digiri ya kukana matenda monga cholerosis ndi moniliosis.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za autumn chitumbuwa chisamaliro.
Mitedza yamatcheri yam'nyengo yosiyanasiyana "Michurinskaya Yatha"
Zina zosiyanasiyana zakucha kucha, zomwe zinapezekanso mwa kufufuza ndi chitukuko.
Panthawi ya kukhwima kosasuntha zipatso Mitundu yamakono yotsekemerayi ndi yamakono kukula kwake, ndipo lilemera makilogalamu 6.5. Maonekedwe omwe ali nawo ndi okongola, mtima wonse. Komanso, zipatsozi zimakhala ndizomwe zili pamwamba, koma ndi kukula kwa sing'anga kukula. The ventral suture ndi, koma ndi yopanda chilungamo. Khungu la chipatso liri lofiira mdima wofiira, liribe mawanga ochepa.
Thupi la Michurinskaya Late cherries ndi la mtundu wofiira. Juiciness iye pamwambaZimakonda zokoma zokoma. Chiŵerengero cha shuga ndi asidi chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi 1/29. Mavitamini C omwe ali mu 100 magalamu a zipatso ndi 9.79 mg.
Mwala wokhala ndi zipatso zofiira. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a oval, popanda bulges ndi makina. Komanso, olemekezeka ndi yosalala bwino komanso olekanitsa bwino ndi zamkati. Tsinde ndi lalifupi ndipo si lokwanira mokwanira, koma limatha kusiyana ndi nthambi.
Nyengo yakucha ya yamatcheri a Michurinskaya Nthawi zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi dzina lawo, kuyambira ogula awo Kukhwima kumangopita pambuyo pofika pakati pa mwezi wa July. Choncho, amabala ngakhale pambuyo posiyana ndi "Bryanochka". Malinga ndi cholinga chake, zipatsozo zimakhala zamoyo zonse. Zokonzedwa bwino kwambiri pakukonzekera kusungidwa kosiyanasiyana. Zochepa zoyenera kuyanika, chifukwa zili ndi kukula kwake.
Mofanana ndi zosiyana zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, Michurinskaya Late Kenaka chitumbuwa chokoma m'zaka zazaka zambiri za fruiting ifika kukula kwapakati. Pa nthawi yomweyi mtengo umasiyana mofulumira. Korona wa chitumbuwa ndi yopota. Nthambi zinakula, korona wodzaza kwambiri. Kusiyana mtundu wa brownish wa makungwa. Zipatso zimapangidwa makamaka pa nthambi za maluwa, mosasamala za msinkhu wawo.
Akuwombera Zosiyanazi ndizosiyana khalani ndizitali zakuyakukula molunjika ndi wamaliseche. Mtundu wa mphukirawo ndi wofiira. Mphukira imasokonekera kwambiri, ya kukula kwa sing'anga, mu mawonekedwe omwe ali ovate.
Masamba ndi osakanikirana ndi ovate mopepuka. Pamwamba pa masamba ndi osalala, opaka utoto wobiriwira. Inflorescences amapangidwa pamtengo pamaganizo. Iwo amakhala ndi 2-3 lalikulu woyera maluwa. Maonekedwe a maluwa ndi okongola ndi maonekedwe okongola.
Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira zipatso zamakono zokoma ndi zokhazikika "Michurinskaya Late", zizindikiro zomwe ndizofanana ndi 80-140 oposa 1 hekitala. Zoona, mtengowo umayamba kubereka zipatso mochedwa - pokhapokha atatha zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zakubadwa pamalo atsopano okula.
Zosiyanasiyana zimayamikiridwa ndi ambiri wamaluwa chifukwa cha zipatso zake zabwino komanso zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Ndipotu, kupatulapo kuti zipatso zimabala pang'ono, komanso zimakhala zabwino kwambiri, zimakhalanso zoyenera kwambiri popita kutali.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mbewu zomwe zili mumtengo zimakhala zosalekeza. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yotsutsana kwambiri ndi nyengo yochepa yozizira. ndipo osati kuwopa chilala. Amagonjetsa matenda ngati coccomycosis mu "Michurinskaya Posachedwa" chitumbuwa chokoma sichidawonedwe.
Kuwonjezera pa kuti mtengo umayamba kubereka zipatso mochedwa, sizingatheke kuti mungu uzikhala wokha. Kuwongolera kumapezeka kokha ngati mitundu yotsekemera yotchedwa "Cherry Pearl" kapena "Michurinka" ikukula pafupi nayo.
Ngakhale mtengo ndi amalola kutentha kutsikaKomabe, kugonjetsedwa kwa nkhuni ndi chisanu yamatcheri kwambiri kumachepetsa mphamvu zake. Izi chitumbuwa chimatulutsa kokha njira ya budding, pamene mitundu yosiyanasiyana mphukira ndi kumtengowo pa mbande za kulima mitundu ya chitumbuwa kapena clone rootstocks wa Vladimirskaya lokoma chitumbuwa.
Kusamalira mochedwa kucha mitundu yamatcheri okoma
Mitundu ya Cherry ndi yochedwa kucha zipatso imayamba kwathunthu nthawi yosamba. Mu nyengo yamaluwa, amalowa mochedwa kapena pafupipafupi, nthawi yopanga zipatso mwa iwo imatenga nthawi yaitali, yomwe imafuna zambiri zowonjezera za mtengo wa chitumbuwa. Pa chifukwa ichi, ndikusamala yamatcheri oterewa ndi osiyana kwambiri.
Za malamulo odulira
Kusamala kwambiri pakupanga korona yamakona sikumasowa kulipidwa. Komabe, ndi bwino kudula nthambi m'magetsi kuti nthambi zotsika kwambiri ndizozitali kwambiri, ndipo iliyonse yotsatizana ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa yoyamba ndi masentimita 5-8. Wotsogolera wamkulu ayenera kukhala nthawi yaitali kwambiri, akulankhula masentimita 10 kutsogolo kwa nthambi zina.
Zonse zowonongeka ziyenera kutsogoleredwa kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zoipa zomwe silingathe kubereka zipatso. Ndipotu, nthawi ya kukula, nthambi zimatha kuwonongeka ndi kulemera kwa mbeu, ndipo nthawi yachisanu imakhala ndi chipale chofewa, ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi mphepo kapena tizirombo. Muyenera kudula kwambiri.
Ngati nthambi ili yoonda - ndi bwino kudula ndi mpeni wamunda. Malo akudula amafunika kusakanikirana ndi kuwombera ndi kuthandizidwa ndi wankhondo wamunda. Zimalimbikitsidwa kutchera nthambi za yamatcheri m'chaka, kotero kuti kudula kudzachiza mofulumira komanso kusadonongeka ndi chisanu.
Kupaka pamwamba - gawo lofunika la chisamaliro
Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kumathandiza kwambiri kulima yamatcheri okoma. Makamaka, ndikofunikira kuti mtengo uli ndi zakudya zokwanira pa fruiting nthawi. Choncho, n'zotheka ngakhale m'dzinja isanafike chisanu pansi pa nthaka ya masentimita 20 chomera organic fetelezamotero feteleza ponseponse.
Urea, wolemera mu nayitrogeni, ali ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pa kukula kwa mtengo ndi mphamvu zake. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange zambiri, chifukwa cha nthaka 1m2 osapitirira 200 magalamu a feteleza.
Zinthu izi, pokhala atagwa ndi kumera ku mizu m'chaka, zimadyetsa kwambiri chitumbuwa m'nyengo ya maluwa ndi mapangidwe a zipatso. Kuti zipatso zikhale bwino ndikudyetsedwa ndi kukoma, m'chaka sichivulaza kuwonjezera pa superphosphates m'nthaka pamtunda wa 120-150 magalamu pa 1m2 pafupi ndi nthaka.
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti Manyowa a chitumbuwa chokoma ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi zambiri. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, mtengo sudzasowa zakudya zina. Pachiwiri, urea yekha akhoza kuwonjezeredwa. Koma kale chaka chachitatu mutabzala, zidzakhala zothandiza kuphatikiza zonse mchere ndi feteleza. Komabe, mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa yamatcheri osaposa 1 nthawi ya zaka 2-3.
Kuthirira chitumbuwa chakumapeto
Monga mitundu ina iliyonse, izi yamatcheri amakonda madzi kwambiri. Choncho, ayenera kumwa madzi nthawi zonse, pamwezi umodzi. Nthawi yamvula, chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira chimakula, nthawi yamvula - imachepa. Pa mtengo umodzi, pafupifupi ndowa 3-4 ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ali wamng'ono, panthawi ya fruiting - pafupifupi 6 ndowa.
Sikovomerezeka kumwa madzi okoma yamatcheri ambiri nthawi yakucha. Madzi ambiri angayambitse zipatso za chitumbuwa.
Kukonzekera mochedwa yamatcheri m'nyengo yozizira
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira izi mitundu yamatcheri yamtunduwu si yosiyana ndi kukonzekera kwa mitundu ina. Ndikusowa kukumba nthaka kuzungulira chitumbuwa, madzi madzi ambiri kuti dziko lapansi lizizimiririka.
Chifukwa cha ichi, nthaka siidzasungunuka, ndipo mtengo udzakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti mtundu uwu wa yamatcheri otsekemera umayenera kudyetsa dothi mpaka autumn, osati mu kasupe kokha.
Chereshin kutetezedwa ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Ngakhale zosiyana ndi zosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse zithetse vutoli. Makamaka, pakufalikira kwa lokoma chitumbuwa masamba ndi kudzipatula kwa masamba, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuchitira mtengo ndi zokonzekera monga Horus ndi Aktara.
Komanso, kumapeto kwa maluwa ndi panthawi ya mapesi a fossa, chitumbuwacho chimapangidwa ndi "Aktelik" ndi "Horus". Pa kukula kwa chipatso chidzawapulumutsa ku chitumbuwa ntchentche ndi nsabwe za m'masamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa "Aktelik". Pambuyo kukolola, ngozi yowononga yamatcheri ndi matenda monga coccomycosis ndi mitsempha siidathetsedwe, choncho mtengo ukhoza kuponyedwa kamodzinso mothandizidwa ndi Horus.
Pulumutsani makungwa kuchokera ku makoswe akhoza kukhala ndi njira kudula sacking ndi spruce, kotero mumateteza mtengo ku tizirombo ndi chisanu.
Pofuna kuteteza chitumbuwa chochokera ku tizirombo pa kugwa, pamene mbewa zimakhudza kwambiri, mungathe kuika poizoni pafupi ndi mitsempha.
Kubzala malamulo mochedwa mitundu yamatcheri
Musanayambe kubzala yamatcheri, ndikofunikira kusankha malo abwino ndi nthawi. Spring ndibwino kuti mubzala yamatcheri., chifukwa kugwa kuli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha chisanu cha achinyamata. Malo oti chodzala yamatcheri azikhala dzuwa komanso opanda mphamvu. Mphepo yakumpoto ndi mpweya wozizira kwambiri zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kwa chitumbuwa chokoma.
Gombe likukumba pasanapite nthawi, mukhoza kukonzekera kuyambira kugwa. Kuzama kwa dzenje ndi m'lifupi ayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 60. Choponderetsa chimbudzi chimakumbidwa kuchokera mu dzenje chimasakanizidwa ndi feteleza wa feteleza ndipo chimatsanulira pansi pa dzenje kuti mulu umapangidwe.
M'chaka mumayenera pamwamba pa chilondachi kufalitsa mizu ya saplingpoziponya m'dzenje kuti muzu wa mizu ukhale pamwamba pa nthaka. Kenaka timagona pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, dothi lozungulira chitumbuwa chokoma liyenera kulumikizidwa.
