Poyamba m'nyengo ya chilimwe, anthu amakhala ndi maganizo abwino komanso amatha kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Ngati muli ndi munda wanu kapena dacha, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi wokhala zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwezo.
Lero, mukhoza kukula chirichonse: kuchokera maapulo ndi mapeyala ku malalanje.
Zili ngati mapeyala, ndipo imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri imatchedwa "Forest Beauty", yomwe idzakambidwe.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
"Forest Beauty" ndi mapeyala osiyanasiyana omwe ali ochokera ku Belgium. Chatililion inapezeka mwadzidzidzi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XIX m'ma nkhalango pafupi ndi Alosto ku East Flanders.
Mtengo sing'anga wonyezimira wakuda wa sing'anga makulidwe ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a piramidi. Fruiting ikuyamba 4 - 5 zaka mutabzala. Zipatso zimakhala zazikulu kukula, zimafanana ndi dzira. Peel ndi yoonda, mtundu umasiyana ndi wobiriwira mpaka golidi. Komanso, mwanayo ali ndi malo ofiira kumbali.
Nyama ndi yoyera, yowutsa mudyo, ndi kukoma kokoma. Zipatso ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa masiku angapo zisanafike msinkhu, zomwe zimabwera kumapeto kwa August. Apo ayi, iwo amatha kuwonongeka mofulumira, monga mu nthawi ya kukula iwo amayamba kuphuka kapena kubzala. Kukonzekera ndi kokwera. Komanso mitengo yambiri ya chisanu. Mungathe kulimbana ndi madontho otentha ku -45 ̊С. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kulekerera kwa chilala.
Maluso
- mkulu chisanu kukana ndi chilala kukana
-kutulutsa zipatso
- makhalidwe abwino okoma
Kuipa
-kupsa
- Zipatso zabwino zimatulutsidwa
Zipatso ndi masamba zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhanambo
Zomwe zimabzala mapeyala
"Forest Beauty" ikhoza kukula pa nthaka iliyonse ku Ulaya. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi nthaka yakuda. Pa dothi dothi lokolola ndi lochepa kwambiri. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yopanda mphamvu, choncho imafuna mungu wa kunja. Lemon, Williams ndi Josephine Mechelnskaya ndizozizira kwambiri. Mtengo udzayamba kubala zipatso mofulumira ngati kumtengowo pa quince.
Mukhoza kudzala "Forest Beauty" kumayambiriro kwa nyengo (kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May) komanso mu autumn (theka la mwezi wa October). Musanabzala, muyenera kusankha malo omwe peyala idzakula nthawi zonse, chifukwa mitengoyi sichimavomera kusintha. Mlungu umodzi musanadzalemo, muyenera kukumba dzenje mmera uliwonse. Kuzama kwa dzenje lirilonse lisakhale lopitirira 1 mita, ndi kutalika kwake - mpaka masentimita 80.
Nthaka pamwamba pa dzenje iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi 2 zidebe za humus, potassium sulfate ndi superphosphate (40 g aliyense). 3 - 4 maola musanabzala, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa m'madzi. Mu dzenje la dothi ndi feteleza ndizitsulo, zomwe muyenera kuzigawira mizu ya mmera. Kenaka, mizu imawazidwa ndi dziko lapansi, lomwe latsala pamene likumba mabowo. Ngati kuli kotheka, pafupi ndi mmera mungathe kuyendetsa galimotokumene sapling idzamangirizidwa.
Mtengo umenewu umathandizira peyala yamtsogolo. Pamapeto pake, peyala imathirizidwa ndipo nthaka imasulidwa pambuyo pa chinyezi. Komanso, bwalo lozungulira nyemba (m'mimba mwake 60 mpaka 70 cm) liyenera kuikidwa ndi mulch (peat, humus).
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za chisamaliro choyenera cha pepala.
Kusamalira mtengo
1) Kuthirira
Zosiyanasiyana "Forest Beauty" zimagonjetsedwa ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, koma zimayenera kukhala madzi. Madzi ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, chifukwa imakhala ikukula. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, mapeyala ang'onoang'ono ayenera kumwa madzi osachepera kanayi; Kwa nthawi yoyamba mutabzala, mitengo imayenera kuthirira madzi asanakwane maluwa. Mtengo ukadula masamba ena, imwani kachiwiri.
Nthawi yachitatu mitengo imathirira kukhwima, ngati kuli kotheka. Kuti muwone ngati pali chinyezi chokwanira pansi, muyenera kutenga nthaka yochepa kuchokera masentimita 40 ndi kufinya. Ngati dziko lapansi likuphwanyika, ndiye kuti mumayenera kumwa madzi, ngati ayi, ndiye kuti chinyontho ndi chokwanira. Pofuna kuthirira bwino mtengo wachinyamata, muyenera kupanga dzenje lozungulira ndi masentimita 15 ndikudzaza dzenjelo ndi madzi. Chitsulo choterocho chiyenera kupangidwa patali wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15 pamtengo.
Kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, madontho 3-4 amapangidwa motsatira malire a magulu ozungulira. Phokoso lomalizira liyenera kukhala la 30 cm kutalika kwa korona. Nthawi yotsiriza yomwe mitengo ikhoza kuthiriridwa mu October, chifukwa cha nyengo yowuma.
2) Mulching
Mulch mitengo iyenera kukhala nthawi zonse m'nyengo yotentha. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, tsinde pafupi ndi thunthu liyenera kuphimbidwa pakabzala, ndiye - pakakula.
Monga nkhono, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito udzu, manyowa a humus. Chofunika koposa, palibe kuthamanga pakati pa mulch ndi mtengo wokha.
3) Pogona
"Forest Beauty" ndi mitundu yosalala kwambiri, choncho safuna malo ogona. Pamene chipale chogwa, chidzakhala chokwanira kuziphimba shtamb.
4) Kudulira
Kudulira mitengo iyenera kukhala 2 nthawi pachaka - m'chaka ndi m'dzinja. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, m'pofunikira kuchepetsa mbaliyo ya mphukira yapakati, yomwe ili pamtunda wa masentimita 50 kuchokera pansi. Ngati mtengo unamezanitsidwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kudula wotsogolera pakati pa impso, zomwe zimayendetsedwa mosiyana ndi kuphatikiza. M'chaka chachiwiri, nthambi zoyendetsa sitima komanso mbali zina ziyenera kudula 20 cm.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe muyenera kudula nthambi zomwe zimapanga mafupa, ndikulemba mapepala atatu (7 - 10 cm). Masamba otsalawo amadulidwa kuti asunge pepala limodzi. Zaka zonse zotsatira zikudulira zimasunga dongosolo lomwelo. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mphukira yapakati imachepetsedwa ndi masentimita 25. Mbali zina za nthambi zowalumikiza, zomwe zimakulungidwa, zimadulidwanso. Mitengo ikafika pamtunda wa mamita awiri, idzakhala yofunikira kuti mufupikitse mphukira yapakati.
5) Feteleza
M'chaka choyamba, mitengo siimasowa feteleza, chifukwa mizu ya mbande inagawidwa paphiri ndi kumangiriza nthaka. Komanso, mitengo imakhala ndi feteleza mchere chaka chilichonse, organic - kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Mbali yaikulu ya kudya imapangidwa mu kugwa. Pazithunzi 1. 35-50 g wa ammonium nitrate, 46-50 g yosavuta granulated superphosphate ndi 20-25 g wa potaziyamu sulphate ayenera kupita pansi. Ngati nthaka yayamba kale, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito feteleza (muyenera kuchepetsa nthawi ziwiri).
6) Chitetezo
"Forest Beauty" yawonongeka kwambiri ndi nkhanambo, choncho ndikofunika kuteteza mitengo ku matendawa. Spores overwinter mu masamba akugwa, makungwa a mphukira. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa masamba ndi zipatso kumawoneka mdima. Kuti chitetezo, mitengo iyenera kuchitidwa ndi 0,5% yothetsera mkuwa oxychloride pa mphukira yopuma komanso pambuyo maluwa.
