Bougainvillea - chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri, malo obadwira omwe ali Brazil. Amakonda kukongoletsa mabwalo, nyumba ndi malo obiriwira ndi zomera. Ndizolimba, zobiriwira, ndi minga pamipesa. Kubereka kumachitika kokha ndi cuttings, ndipo ndi chisamaliro choyenera, bougainvillea amapindula ndi maluwa ambiri.
Mukudziwa? Zimatha kusintha, kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, popanda kupereka mbewu.
M'nkhaniyi, tiona zomwe Bougainvillea zili ndikuwonetsa mitundu ndi mitundu yolemekezeka kwambiri.
Bougainvillea zodabwitsa (Bougainvillea spectabilis)
Kukongola kwa bougainvillea kunapezedwa m'zaka za zana la 19, kunapezeka pamapiri otsetsereka m'madera otentha a ku Brazil. Komabe, m'mayiko akummwera, chomerachi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chokongoletsa cha arbors ndi greenhouses. Mtundu wa bougainvillea uli ndi masamba akuluakulu komanso masamba owoneka bwino omwe amatha kutuluka panthawi ya maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Chomera chimakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo chimatha kufika mamita 15 mu msinkhu.
M'magetsi okongola okongola a bougainvillea ankawoneka ngati mtima, ndi mulu waung'ono kumbuyo. Bougainvillea ili ndi maluwa okongola okongola, mwa mitundu iyi kumapeto kwa nthambi zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences, zomwe zimatsegulidwa kuyambira April kufikira m'mawa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, maluwa mpaka 5 masentimita. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala maluwa atatu a pinki, ofiirira kapena ofiira pamaluwa. Chaka chilichonse mtundu wa chiwonongeko umatha. Perianth mu mawonekedwe a chubu, mtundu wa chikasu. Mphukira ya chomeracho ili ndi ma spikes ndipo imatha kufika mamita 9.
Bougainvillea wamaliseche (Bougainvillea glabra)
Bougainvillea wamaliseche akhoza kukula kufika mamita asanu, mosiyana ndi bougainvillea zodabwitsa, chotero, nthawi zambiri zomera izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipinda. Kudulira izo kumapirira mopanda phokoso, kotero iwe ukhoza kupanga chitsamba momwe iwe ukufunira. Bougainvillea imatuluka wamaliseche kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Chifukwa cha ntchito yosankha, chomeracho chili ndi mitundu yonse ya mitundu.
Mukudziwa? Mtundu uwu wa bougainvillea ndiwo unayambitsa maziko a mitundu yambiri.
Tsinde ndi nthambi, wamaliseche, nthawi zina amapezeka ndi spines. Masambawa amawoneka opanda kanthu, okometsa, ovunda ndi mapeto aakulu, mpaka masentimita 15 kutalika, mdima wobiriwira. Mabala a pinki, oyera, alanje, achikasu kapena ofiirira. Amamasula kwambiri ndi yaitali. Kukula motolova bougainvillea pafupipafupi, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa bonsai.
Bougainvillea ya Peruvia (Bougainvillea peruviana)
M'zaka 1810 Alexander von Humboldt wa ku Germany anapezedwa ku bougainvillea ya Peruvia. Masamba ndi yaitali, otsika, opanda pubescence, amatchulidwa dzira woboola. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, chomeracho chili ndi makungwa obiriwira pamthambi. Pa mphukira ndizofupika ndi zoongoka za spikes. Maluwa a Peruvian bougainvillea a mthunzi wachikasu. Zitsulo zofiira kapena zofiira, mawonekedwe ozungulira, nsalu zofiira. Nthawi zambiri maluwa amakonza singulu, kapena gulu limodzi la magawo atatu.
Mukudziwa? Bougainvillea ya Peruvia imamera kamodzi pachaka, pamene mitundu ina imamera kamodzi kokha.
Mitunduyi imakula kwambiri, pokhala nayo nthawi yaying'ono.
Maonekedwe a Hybrid Bougainvillea
Chaka chilichonse pali mitundu yambiri ya bougainvillea, yomwe imapezeka mwa kuswana. Pa masewero, chomerachi chikuwonekera mu mitundu yatsopano yokongoletsera ndi mitundu. Mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wosakanizidwa inkapezeka poyenda mtunda wa Peruvia ndi wokongola wa bougainvillea. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yaikulu, yobiriwira, yooneka ngati mazira. Nthambizi ndizamphamvu, zowongoka minga. 
Pamene bracts ikuphuka, ndizofiira zamkuwa, ndipo akamakalamba amasintha mtundu wofiira kapena wofiirira. Maluwa mu chomera ichi mu kirimu mithunzi. Mmodzi wina, osachepera mtundu wochuluka wosakanizidwa wa chomera cholandiridwa, atadutsa mumsika wa bougainvillea ndi Peruvian. Masamba obiriwira amdima ali ndi mawonekedwe ovoid. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera amapezeka pamayendedwe a mipesa yobiriwira. Maluwa ali m'magulu, omwe akuzunguliridwa ndi mitundu itatu yokongola ya pinki.
Mitundu ya Bougainvillea
Pakali pano, pali mitundu yambiri ya bougainvillea, yomwe yapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi pakhomo. Zimasiyana ndi mtundu, kukula kwa bracts, mawonekedwe. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bougainvillea yofiira, yamtundu umodzi, yamtundu umodzi komanso yowomba.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- glabra "sanderiana" - chomera chimamasula kwambiri ndipo chimakhala chofiirira bracts;
- glabra "Cypheri" - bracts pinki mtundu;
- "Maud Chettleburgh" - wofiira-pinki bracts;
- "Tsabola Wofiira" - lalikulu kwambiri osati masamba awiri ofiira;
- "Double Red" - bracts awiri, wofiira; ndi ena ambiri.
Kenaka, tikukambirana zambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bougainvilleas.
Mitundu ya Terry ya bougainvillea
Mitundu ya terry ya bougainvillea imakhala ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu zosiyanasiyana "Pink Pinki" kusintha mu pinki mitundu; "Lilarose Lachiwiri" wofiirira ndi wamdima wakuda pinki; "Lateritia" - maluwa obiriwira a pinki ndi saumoni maluwa, amakhala pachimake kwa nthawi yaitali komanso osadzichepetsa. Muzinthu zosiyanasiyana "zodabwitsa", chifukwa cha kusintha kwa masamba, pali nthambi, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana ndi zomwe zimayambira mayi. Mapuloteni a pinki, panthawi yomweyo, akhoza kukhala marble woyera ndi pinki. Kubalana kwa mitundu yotereyi kungatheke pokhapokha vegetatively. Mitundu ya terry ya bougainvillea imasiyanitsidwa ndi zikopa zazikulu, zomwe ziri pamapeto a mphukira.
Mitundu ya variegated bougainvillea
Mitundu ya variegated ya bougainvillea ingapezeke vegetatively ndi cuttings ndi cuttings. Nthambi, minga, masamba, mitsempha - zonse zobiriwira. Mitundu ya mabala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, imatha kukhala yosiyanasiyana komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri. Zosiyanasiyana "Rasipiberi Ice" ali ndi kirimu mzere kumapeto kwa masamba. San Diego Red Variegata ali ndi masamba a golide, ndipo mabracts ndi ofiira. M'mitundu yosiyana siyana ya "Delta Dawn" ya bluish-masamba obiriwira okhala ndi zoyera, ndi mabracts agolide ndi sauloni mtundu. Pa masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bougainvillea, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuona malo a pinki, osati woyera kapena golide okha.
Zosiyanasiyana za bicolor
Mbalame zosiyanasiyana, masamba, minga ndi mitsempha ya golidi kapena yachikasu. Mtundu wa mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi wochititsa chidwi, kuchokera pamikwingwirima komanso mawanga a golide kapena zonona kuti zisawonongeke zikuluzikulu za mtundu wobiriwira. Mitundu ya bougainvillea imakula pang'onopang'ono. Mitengo ya bougainvillea imakhala ndi mabulosi ofiira. M'zinthu zosiyanasiyana "Bois De Roses", mitsempha yoyamba ndi yalanje, koma kenako, kusintha mtundu wawo, kutembenukira pinki yowala. Kusintha kwa mtundu womwewo kumatha kuwonetsedwa mosiyanasiyana monga "Thai Gold": choyamba, bracts ndi golide-lalanje, koma kusintha mtundu kukhala wofiira pinki. Kusintha koteroko kumawoneka m'mitundu yambiri ya bicolor: potsirizira pake bracts yoyera imapeza matani ofiira, a pinki kapena a lalanje.
