Kodi chilimwe chimayanjana ndi ife? Choyamba, ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso.
Ndipo chirimwe chirimwe chidzakhala popanda mphesa? Inde, mukhoza kupita ku sitolo ndikugula kishmishi woyera, koma mukhoza kukula mphesa pawekha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo mudzakhala otsimikiza za chikhalidwe chake ndikusangalala kwambiri.
Pamene izi zimabzala, mukhoza kusankha mphesa "Lancelot". Iye sadzakhumudwa. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino mitundu iyi ya mphesa.
Kufotokozera za mitundu ya mphesa "Lancelot"
"Lancelot" - mphesa yamphesa. Wosakanizidwa wa mitundu itatu - "Mphatso Zaporozhye", "Kukongoletsa" ndi FV-3-1. "Lancelot" amatanthauza oyambirira Mitengo ya mphesa, yomwe ikukwera masiku 125 - 130.
Akuma amphamvu, mpesa amakula pafupifupi lonse kutalika kwa mphukira. Maluwa okwatirana. Masangowa ndi aakulu kwambiri, amatsitsimutsa, amawoneka bwino.
Pafupipafupi, masamba a gulu limodzi amasiyana ndi 0.9 mpaka 1.2 makilogalamu, koma nthawi zina amafika 3 kg. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zozungulira, 31.0 x 22.3 mm mu kukula, kulemera kumafikira 14 g.
Mtundu wa khungu umadalira kuchuluka kwake kwa mtundu wa dzuwa, chifukwa pansi pa mphamvu ya dzuwa mtundu wa mabulosi woyera umakhala ndi tani. Koma kusintha kotereku kumakhala koipitsa kufotokozera gulu, kotero masamba sayenera kuchotsedwa.
Nyama ndi minofu, ndi kukoma kokometsetsa kokometsetsa, kumene kuli zolemba za uchi. Ngakhalenso ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, zipatso sizidzasokoneza, gulu ili silidzataya maonekedwe ake okongola. Maonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa zipatso sizidzasintha panthawi yopititsa patsogolo komanso kusungirako nthawi yaitali pa maphunziro.
Pereka "Lancelot" pamwambaChoncho, ngati kuli kotheka, kuchepetsa katundu pa tchire. Pali kutentha kwakukulu kwa chisanu (masentimita kutentha -24 ° C) ndi kukana matenda a fungal, mitundu yambiri ya majeremusi.
Maluso:
- kwambiri kukoma ndi maonekedwe a zipatso
- mkulu chisanu kukana
- zokolola zochuluka
- Kupewa mildew, oidium ndi tizilombo
Kuipa:
- dzuwa, mawonekedwe a zipatso akhoza kuwonongeka mwa kusintha mtundu wa khungu
Pazochitika za kubzala mitundu
Zimadziwika kuti mphesa zingabzalidwe mu kugwa ndi masika. Koma "Lancelot", ngakhale zili zokwanira mkulu chisanu kukana, akhoza kuvutika kwambiri kumapeto kwa chisanu. Ndipo makamaka ngati mphesa zikadali muzitsulo. Choncho, ndi bwino kubzala "Lancelot" kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa September, pamene kutentha kumasungidwa pa nyengo ya chilimwe.
Mbewu iliyonse iyenera kukhala osachepera 50 cm yaitali, ndi mizu yopangidwa, mizu iliyonse iyenera kukhala 10-15 masentimita yaitali, ndipo masamba okhwima bwino ayenera kuwona pa mphukira. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana mmera chifukwa cha tizilombo, komanso matenda a fungal.
Kupitako kukumba dzenje pansi pa mmera uliwonse. Kukula kwa dzenje ndi 0.8x0.8 mamita. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka yachonde ndi manyowa ndi feteleza kumaikidwa pansi ndi masentimita 30 cm. Musanabzala, muyenera kudula gawo limodzi la mphukira kuti pakhale 4 mpaka 3, ndipo mufupikitse mizu ndi 10-15 masentimita.
Kuchokera kumunsi wosanjikiza dothi mu dzenje mumayenera kupanga phulusa, yomwe muyenera kuyika chidendene. Kenaka, mukuyenera kudzaza dzenje ndi dziko lapansi kuti likhale lofanana ndi pakati pa nyembazo, zimagwirizanitsa dziko lapansi ndikuzikhuthula ndi chidebe chimodzi cha madzi. Pambuyo pa madziwa, chimbudzi chiyenera kudzazidwa.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za mphesa zowonjezera mu kugwa.
Malangizo osamalira zosiyanasiyana "Lancelot"
- Kuthirira
Pali mitundu iwiri ya ulimi wothirira: madzi otsegula komanso vegetative. Choyamba ndi kofunika kupanga malo osungira nthaka. Kuthira kwa madzi madzi okwanira ndi sitepe yoyamba yokonzekera tchire m'nyengo yozizira, ikuchitika mutatha kukolola musanagwe masamba.
Ngati kuli kozizira kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira madzi madzi okwanira ayenera kubwerezedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumawerengeka ngati 100 - 120 malita pa 1 sq. M.
Pankhani ya ulimi wothirira, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu. Nthawi yoyamba tchire Amafunika kuthirira pambuyo maluwa, yachiwiri - zipatsozi zisanayambe kundiyang'ana ndikukhala ochepa. Pa 1 sq.m. Pafupifupi 50 mpaka 55 malita a madzi ayenera kuchoka. Ngati kasupe kouma, ndiye kuti Lancelot adzayenera kuthirira kumapeto kwa April - kumayambiriro kwa May.
Simungakhoze kuthirira mphesa pa nthawi ya maluwa, mwinamwake maluwawo adzathamanga kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuletsa ndondomeko yowonjezera nthaka ndi madzi 2 - 3 masabata asanakolole. Kawirikawiri, kuzungulira chitsamba chilichonse ndi phokoso limene mumatsanulira madzi. Koma izi ndizochitika za kubzala limodzi mphesa. Ngati tchire timabzala mumzere, ndiye kuti madzi akutsanuliridwa m'mizere.
- Mulching
Nthawi yoyamba mulching iyenera kuchitika mwamsanga mutabzala mbande.
Kuphimba dzenje ndi udzu, masamba, phulusa, kapena zipangizo zina zimathandiza kusunga madzi pamalo otsetsereka. Ndikofunika kuti muzitha kuzungulira dziko lapansi m'katikati mwa nyengo, pamene maso akuphulika.
Mzere wozungulira wa masentimita 50 uyenera kukhala wokuta ndi udzu, udzu, masamba osagwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mungagwiritse ntchito polyethylene yakuda, makatoni, mapulumu amamva. Onetsetsani kuti mukuphimba nthaka ndi mulch m'nyengo yozizira, musanakhale mphesa!
- Kutha
Ngakhale kuti "Lancelot" ikhoza kupirira kutentha kufika mpaka -24 ° C, tchire zimafunika kuphimba m'nyengo yozizira. Izi ziyenera kuchitika chisanakhale chisanu choyamba, chakumayambiriro mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa November.
Mipesa imayenera kumangirizidwa, kuikidwa pamtunda ndi kumaphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Koma njira iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu nyengo ya nyengo yovuta kwambiri.
Ngati mphepo yamkuntho imakhala yamtunda, ndiye kuti mipesa imayikidwa, yokhazikika ndi zida zachitsulo (kuti zisayambe kuchoka pansi) ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zikopa zamatabwa, kuziika ndi "nyumba". Kuchokera kumwamba, kumanga kumaphatikizidwa ndi pulasitiki, yomwe pambaliyi iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
Mmalo mwa zishango zamatabwa, zitsulo zamitengo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, pa pepala limodzi kapena awiri a filimu ya pulasitiki yatambasulidwa. Pambali mwace amafunikanso kuwaza ndi nthaka kuti mupeze.
- Kudulira
Kudulira mphesa kumapangitsa kuti mbeu iwonjezeke, komanso kukoma kwa zipatso kumathandizanso.
Ndibwino kudula tchire mu kugwa, pamene iwo "akugona tulo", ndiko kuti, madzi amachepetsera pansi pa mpesa.
Pamene mukudulira nkhuku zazing'ono, ndikwanira kuchepetsa mphukira zowonjezera ndikupanga shrub, kusiya pakati pa zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zonyamula zipatso.
Pa chitsamba "wamkulu", muyenera kukonzekera maso 6 - 8. Zonsezi, imodzi ku chitsamba chilichonse ayenera kulingalira maso 30 mpaka 35.
Choncho nthambi sizingatheke, ndipo maonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa zipatso sizidzasintha.
- Feteleza
Kwa achinyamata baka kwambiri organic feteleza ndi zofunika.
Zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse za kugwa ndizofunikira kuyika zinthu zofunikira - kompositi, humus, zitosi za mbalame, ndi zina zotero. Zimapangidwa ndi chiwerengero cha 2 kg pa 1 sq.m. Kuwonjezera apo, tchire tating'ono tikufunikira nayitrogeni kuti tiwonjezere kukula. Choncho, m'chaka m'pofunika kupanga nayitrogeni feteleza ndi kuwerengera 50 g pa 1 sq.m.
Kale, "wamkulu", mphesa zopatsa zipatso, feteleza ndizofunika kuonjezera mulu wa gulu ndikuthandizira kukoma kwa chipatso. Choncho, zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zilizonse mu kugwa ndikofunika kuwonjezera mankhwala (5 mpaka 6 kg pa 1 mita imodzi), potashi ndi feteleza phosphate.
- Chitetezo
Ngakhale kuti Lancelot sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a bowa, ngati zowononga, tchire tingakhoze kuchitidwa ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux zamadzimadzi mwamsanga musanayambe maluwa, pamene pali masamba 4-5 pa mphukira.
Pofuna kupewa oidium, tchire tiyenera kuthiridwa ndi fungicides, mwachitsanzo, Strobe, Quadris, Readzole ndi ena.
