Masiku ano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato yomwe imatha kukula m'madera onse - kaya ndi nyanja yam'mwera kapena malo osauka kumpoto.
Zonse zimadalira nyengo. Koma kawirikawiri wamaluwa amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhani ya zokolola, makamaka pamene kulima tomato kumalimbikitsa malonda.
Koma pankhaniyi, ubwino wa tomato umathandizanso.
Pambuyo pake, zipatso zoipa ndi osagulitsa, makamaka ngati ambiri a iwo.
Chilichonse chidzasokoneza wolima munda wosalungama.
Ngati mutasankha kukhala wodzisamalira m'minda ndipo mukuyang'ana mitundu yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri komanso yobala zipatso, ndiye kuti kufufuza kwanu kwatha. Nawa mayankho a mafunso anu onse.
Sakani "Sinbad"
Zophatikiza. Imatuluka mwamsanga - mu masiku 85 mpaka 95. Zosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa kuti ndipamwamba kwambiri.
Zitsamba nthambi sizifooka, pali masamba ochepa pa mphukira, tsinde lakhala likudumpha tsinde, m'malo mozama (mpaka 70 cm). Masambawa ndi obiriwira, ofewa, ndi okongola kwambiri.
Zipatso zimakhala zosalala, zosalala kukhudza, popanda gloss, ngakhale zofiira. Chipatso cha zipatso osati wamkulu kwambiri pafupifupi ndi 85 - 90 g.
Kukoma kwa tomato ndibwino kwambiri. Mu dzanja, pafupifupi zipatso 8 zimapangidwa, zomwe zimawoneka zokongola kumapeto kwa nyengo yakucha. Kawirikawiri zokolola ndi 10 makilogalamu pa 1 sq.m. Zosiyanasiyana siziwonongeke ndi mafilimu a fodya komanso zoipa.
Adalangizidwa kuti akule mu malo obiriwira. Kufesa mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa pasanafike kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, kuti mbande zikhale zolimba. Kudzalitsa mbande kumachitika pakati pa mwezi wa April.
Ngakhale usiku kutentha kumadutsa pansi pa zero, mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha adzakhala adakali ndi moyo. Kuthira kwa mbande ndi zofunika, komanso kusintha kwa nyengo nthawi zonse kuti mapesi a mbande asatambasulidwe. Muyeneranso kusamalira mbande ku matenda otchedwa "mwendo wakuda".
Palibe kusiyana kosiyana ndi kusamalidwa kwa mitundu ina ya tomato. Ndibwino kumangiriza tchire ku chithandizo, kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzungulira nthaka ndikuchotsa namsongole. Mitunduyi idzayankhidwa bwino ku feteleza ndi feteleza mchere.
Ndi bwino kupanga tchire mu 2 timayendedwe, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti katunduyo ali pamtunda pochotsa maburashi ena. Kuthirira ndi kumasula nthakayo kumaphatikizana.
Zosiyanasiyana "mphepo inayamba"
Mitengo yakucha, zipatso zidzatha m'masiku 100 - 105 pambuyo pa mphukira zoyamba. Zitsamba zazikulu, zamphamvu, zotsika (mpaka 45 cm), ndi masamba ambiri. Mtundu wa marswa, osagwirizana.
Zipatso zimakhala zozungulira, zolemera (pafupifupi masekeli 200 - 300 g), zofiira pinki, zofewa zokhazikika, zokoma kwambiri. Tomato musasokoneze, musalole mosavuta kunyamula. Zipatso sichimasokoneza kwa nthawi yaitali zitatha kuchotsedwa ku chitsamba. Zokwanira zowonongeka mwatsopano, komanso kusungirako komanso monga mankhwala oyambirira a timadziti ndi abusa.
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyengo, ndipo sizimakhudzidwa ndi phytophthora.
Mbewu za zosiyanasiyanazi zikuwoneka zokongola kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri. Kufesa mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Pambuyo pa masiku 35-40 mutabzala, mbande ingabzalidwe.
Kuyambira pa June 10 mpaka 15, mbande zimatha kudumphira malinga ndi 70 x 35 masentimita. Mbande ziyenera kuumitsidwa ndi kubzala feteleza kuti zikhazikike, komanso pambuyo pa tchire, nyengo yoipa. M'nyengo yotentha, siteji ya mbande imakula, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kubzala mbewu mu mkangano wowonjezera kutentha.
Kuthirira tchire kuyenera kukhala nthawi zonse. Kudutsa zomera sikofunikira. Pofuna kusintha maonekedwe a mabedi, mukhoza kumanga tchire kuti muthandizidwe. Zidzakhala zosavuta kusinthanitsa udzu ndi nthaka, komanso kuchotsa namsongole.
Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito feteleza m'makina apamwamba, koma feteleza ndizofunikira. Manyowa a nayitrogeni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri.
Sakani "Dina"
Zosiyanasiyana zoyambirira, zokwanira 105 - 110 masiku okwanira kusasitsa. Mitengo ya kutalika kwapakati (mpaka 70 cm), kukula kwapakati, popanda thunthu, kukula kumakhala kochepa mu mphamvu.
Tomato ndi achikasu, akuluakulu (kufika 300 g), ochepa, ozungulira, okoma kwambiri. Manyowa ali ndi carotene wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tomato wa zosiyanasiyana izi zithandize, makamaka kwa ana.
Zokolola ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 4 kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Matatowa sangathe kudyetsedwa mwatsopano, komanso zamzitini, kuzifutsa komanso kugulitsidwa. Zitsamba sizimakhudzidwa ndi matenda, mwakachetechete akukumana ndi nyengo yoipa. Nthawi ya fruiting ndi yaitali.
Mbande ziyenera kuyala mozungulira pakati pa March, ndi kuziika kale kutentha kotentha. Kawirikawiri kachitidwe ka sitima ndi 60x40-40 masentimita.
Mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse. Kusankha kumatsatiranso ndondomeko - mu gawo la masamba awiri. Tikulimbikitsanso kukula tchire kutchire, koma tibereka zipatso mu greenhouses.
Tchire timadulidwa, choncho chisamaliro cha zomera ndi chosavuta. Pamene kupanga chitsamba ayenera 2 mapesi. Onetsetsani kuti mukukwera tchire, kotero kuti katundu ku chitsamba sichidapitirira.
Mukhoza kulandira chithandizo china kuti mukwaniritse magawo onse a kusamalira mbewu. N'zotheka kuthirira zitsamba mumzere, koma osati mu tchire, koma zimadalira wamaluwa. Palibe chifukwa chotsanulira madzi mizu ya tchire sizinayambe kuvunda.
N'zosangalatsanso kuwerenga za mitundu ya phwetekere ku Siberia
Kalasi "De Barao"
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yofiira, yachikasu, yachifumu ndi ena ambiri. Kawirikawiri zosiyanasiyana zimatanthauza mochedwa, chifukwa nyengo yowonjezereka ikukhala masiku 120 - 130.
Kutentha kosadalirika, wamtali (mpaka mamita 2), wamphamvu kwambiri, ndi masamba ambiri. Zipatso za zosiyanazi ndizozungulira, maonekedwe a maula, mtundu umadalira zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwa tomato kumafika pafupifupi 150 g.
Zosiyanasiyana zimapindulitsa kwambiri, pafupifupi makilogalamu 10 kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa. Matatayiwa adzasangalatsa zonse zatsopano ndi zamzitini. Kukhala ndi ubwino wosunga khalidwe ndi kuyenda. Ngakhale atakhudzidwa ndi choipitsa, koma osati kwambiri.
Zitsamba za mitunduyi mulimonsemo ziyenera kuyambira kupyolera mu mbande, bukhuli ndi lofunika kuti likhale lochokera kumapeto kwa March mpaka oyambirira a April. Musanafese mbewu ndi bwino kuwachitira ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate chifukwa cha disinfection.
Zapakati zaka 60 mpaka 65 zatha kale kuti zikhale pansi. Ndi zofunika kuumitsa mbande bwino, zimapindulitsa tchire.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuthirira mbeu nthawi zambiri ndi madzi ofunda. Onetsetsani kuti mumangirira tchire ndi abambo opeza kuti zipatso zikhale zazikulu.
Garter iyenera kupangidwa kuti ikhale yolimba trellis kotero kuti yomalizayo athe kupirira zipatso zolemetsa. Onetsetsani kuti mupaka tchire mpaka chipatso chimakula kukula kwake.
Sakani "Gulliver"
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zoyambirira - tchire zimafunikira masiku 80 - 85. Zomera zimakhala zowonjezereka, zimafika kutalika kwa 100-120 masentimita. Zipatsozo ndi zofiira, zofiira kwambiri, zofiira kwambiri, zolemera kwambiri (kufika pa 600 g, ndiye kukula kwake ndi 120 g). Thupi ndi labwino kwambiri, lokoma.
Tchire sagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yoipa, kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo sizimakhudzidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zowola, matenda a fodya ndi zina zotere.
Zokolola ndizazitali ndizakhazikika, pafupifupi makilogalamu 5 kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Matatowa ndi abwino kwa saladi, komanso kupanga timadziti, pastes, mbatata yosenda ndi zina zamagulu.
Zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizogulitsidwa, zomwe sizikusokoneza. Tomato sizimaipira panthawi yopuma komanso ukalamba mutatha kuchoka ku chitsamba.
Chiyambi cha March ndi nthawi yabwino yofesa mbewu. Pambuyo pa masiku 45 mpaka 50, mbande zikhoza kuikidwa pansi. Amalimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mbande ndi feteleza, komanso nthawi zonse.
Zomwe zimabzala zimakhala zowonongeka kwa phwetekere - 1 sq. M. 6 - 7 mbande zikhoza kuikidwa momasuka. Onetsetsani kuonetsetsa kuti mbande sizinatambasulidwe.
Zitsamba za zosiyanasiyanazi zidzakhala ndi moyo wabwino. Kuchokera kuno ndi kudzichepetsa kwa tchire pochoka. Ndikofunika kuthirira tchire nthawi zonse, kenako kumasula nthaka kuti chisamachoke. Kudyetsa nthawi zonse ndi feteleza ndizofunikira.
Onetsetsani kuti mukukwera tchirekotero kuti asapitirire kuchulukitsa kwambiri. Apo ayi, zipatso zidzakhala zochepa komanso zopanda pake. Mukhozanso kumangiriza zomera.
Zosiyanasiyana "Caspar"
Zosakanizidwa zopangidwa ndi obereketsa achi Dutch. Chomeracho chimadalira, mpaka masentimita 100 wamtali, chophwima kwambiri, chokwawa pamwamba pa nthaka.
Tomato ndi mawonekedwe oblongera, tsabola-mapiri, okhala ndi nsonga pamapeto, wolemera wolemera (120 - 140 g), kukoma kokoma kwambiri, kofiira. M'mawonekedwe obiriwira, tomato akhoza kukhala chinthu chabwino kwambiri cha zakudya chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwa kanyumba ka lycopene, komanso koyenera kumalongeza.
Zipatso sizimasokoneza, tchire sizimakhudzidwa ndi verticillary ndi fusarium wilt. Zokolola ndizachuluka - pafupifupi 4 - 5 kg pa chitsamba.
Mbande idzakhala gawo loyamba mu kulima kwa tomato. Musanayambe kuika mbande pansi muyenera kukhala masiku 50 mpaka 70. Mapeto a mwezi wa May adzakhala nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yopatsira tchire tochepa.
Matatowa adzakhazikika pamtunda, komanso m'malo obiriwira. Mbewu 3 - 5 ikhoza kuikidwa pamalo amodzi. Kukonzekera ku mabedi oyambilira akusowa Manyowa ndi mchere ndi feteleza.
Mitundu imeneyi ndi yopanda ulemu, choncho ndikwanira nthawi zonse kuthirira tchire, kumasula nthaka ndikuchiphimba ndi mulch. Ndizofunikira 3 - 4 kuvala nthawi ya kukula kwa tchire, ndipo muyenera kupanga feteleza osiyanasiyana. Kuteteza tchire ku matenda ndikofunika kuti tipewe zomera monga momwe zingathere.
Zosiyanasiyana "Mtima wa Mtima"
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala pakati pa nyengo, yopanda malire, idzakhala ndi nthawi yakubala masiku 125 - 130. Zipatso zoyamba ndizokulu kwambiri (pafupifupi 500 g, nthawizina ngakhale 800 g). Tomato ndi ofanana ndi mtima, wambiri, wofiira, ndi mbewu zochepa.
Mitengo ili pamwamba (kufika pa 1.7 mamita), yofiira. Zipatso zochuluka zitha kupezeka ku tchire lotentha, pafupifupi, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa 8-12 makilogalamu a zipatso kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi. Matatowa sali oyenera kumalongeza, koma ndi okongola okha, komanso zipangizo za madzi ndi msuzi. Komanso, zipatso ndi zoyenera kuzikamo, ndipo kukoma kwawo sikungowonongeka.
Nthawi yofesa mbewu imabwera kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Mbande zimafunika amafunika kuyesa pansi ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kulima kulima, mbande zingasinthidwe kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Ngati kulima kwadothi kumakonzedweratu, ndizotheka kubzala mbewu mu May. Mbewu yopangira - 40x50 masentimita 3 - 4 mbande azikhala pamodzi mwamtendere pa malo 1. mita
Maphunzirowa ndi odzichepetsa posiya chifukwa cha kukana nyengo yoipa. Ngakhale kutalika kwake kwa tchire, sikuyenera kumangidwa, monga zipatso zimangogwera pansi pa zolemera zawo. Masking ndi yofunika, mwinamwake chitsamba chidzadzala. Mutha kuchoka maburashi osapitirira 8 pa chomera chimodzi.
Kuyenera kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, kumagwedeza ndi kumasula nthaka. 2 - katatu mukhoza kumera pansi, kuti chipatso chikhale chachikulu komanso chokoma kwambiri. Mankhwala ndi phytophthora ndi matenda ena ndi ofunika.
Mitundu yambiri ya tomato yotereyi idzakongoletsa mabedi ndi tebulo. Komanso, tomato amenewa ndi abwino kwambiri kugulitsidwa chifukwa cha maonekedwe abwino a chipatso, kukula kwake kwakukulu, komanso tomato ambiri.
Zomera mitundu iyi pa chiwembu chako, idyani ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano ndikupeza mavitamini achilengedwe.
