Mbali za kukula strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha

Mabulosi awa ngati strawberries ngati pafupifupi aliyense.

Ngakhale kuti ali wokondweretsa, wamaluwa amakondabe chikhalidwe.

Froberberries amakula mu nyumba zapanyumba, kutsogolo kwa minda, m'mabotchi ndipo aliyense akulakalaka kupeza zokolola zambiri.

Koma kuti mupeze, muyenera kutsatira zosiyanasiyana agrotechnical miyeso.

Malo abwino kwambiri kukula kwa strawberries kutsogolo minda ndi greenhouses.

Anthu ena amaganiza kuti wowonjezera kutentha kwa strawberries ndi kosavuta, kodi ndi choncho?

Pa mutu uwu, tidzakhudzidwa pazinthu zonse zowonjezera kukula kwa mbeuyi mu wowonjezera kutentha, komanso mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera ku greenhouses.

Ubwino, kuipa ndi zikuluzikulu za sitiroberi kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha

Tiyenera kukula mabulosiwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, timatchula ubwino uliwonse:

• Njira yoyamba, yomwe sizingatheke kunena izi, ndikuti mu nyengo yotentha ndizotheka kukula mbewuyi chaka chonse.
• Mvula yamkuntho ndi yamvula sichidzasokoneza zokolola zanu, monga pansi pa thambo lotseguka, zokolola zimatsika mpaka 25 peresenti.
• Ubwino wabwino ndi chakuti kufunika kwa chuma chapansi kumachepetsedwa.
• Zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polima mbewuyi zimalipira nthawi imodzi.
• Ndikofunikanso kuti wowonjezera kutentha sitiroberi apitsidwe patsogolo m'masitolo.
• M'nyengo yozizira, zipatsozo zidzakhala zofunikira kwambiri, zomwe mungapindule nazo kwambiri.
• Mukamadzala strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha, mukhoza kusunga malo okwanira pa tsamba lanu.
• Komanso mbeu izi zimakhala zosavuta kusamalira mu wowonjezera kutentha, osati kumunda.
• Kukula kwa strawberries kumathandiza kuti muteteze nokha ndi banja lanu kugula zipatso zomwe zili ndi zinthu zovulaza.

Koma nthawi zonse pali malire omwe ali pansipa:

• Ndalama zoyamba zolima mbeuyi mu wowonjezera kutentha zidzafuna ndalama zazikulu kusiyana ndi kukula mu malo osatsegula.
• Mu malo odyera ophikira m'mphepete ndi kofunikira kuti apange mpweya wabwino.
• Kuti muzule bwino, muyenera kuwonjezera tsiku lowala.

Zowonjezera kutentha kwa chaka chonse kukula kwa strawberries kumadziwika ngati njira ya Dutch. Zimaphatikizapo kubzala mbande za mbeu izi chaka chilichonse miyezi iwiri iliyonse.

Zonsezi zikukonzekera ndikukonzekera za "frigo" mbande, zomwe ziri zophweka. Fuluji ndi yabwino kwambiri ya sitiroberi ya rosette yomwe imasankhidwa kuchokera mchigwa, yomwe imasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira kufikira masika. Kutentha kwa mpweya mu zipinda zoterezi ziyenera kufika mpaka -2 ° C.

Olima munda sanatsutse pa zomwe wowonjezera kutentha zimaposa galasi, polyethylene kapena polycarbonate. Koma kawirikawiri zimanenedwa kuti muwotchi wowonjezera mafuta ambiri amadzimva bwino, amachititsa kuti kutentha kuli bwino kumeneko.

Popeza strawberries ndi whimsical zipatso, nthaka imene anabzala ayenera kukhala oyenera kukula ndi chitukuko.

Njira yabwino imatengedwa kuti ilibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi namsongole. Pazifukwa izi, osakaniza awa ndi abwino, opangidwa ndi steamed perlite ndi peat, komwe kokonati yamagetsi ndi ubweya wa mchere amawonjezeredwa ngati gawo lapansi.

Strawberry mitundu yabwino kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha

Mitundu yonse ya mbeuyi igawikidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

• Zomwe zingakule kamodzi pachaka.
• Zomwe zingakule chaka chonse, ndiko "remontant".
• Ndipo mitundu imeneyo yomwe zipatso zake ndizochepa kwambiri.

Mitundu yanji yomwe ili yoyenera kulima ulimi wowonjezera kutentha:

• Strawberry zosiyanasiyana "Elizabeth 2"

Froberries a zosiyanasiyanazi zimasiyana ndi ena mu kukula kwake.

Ikhoza kubala zipatso pa tchire, ndi pa rosettes.

Kukoma kwa zipatsozo ndi kokoma kwambiri ndipo kumakhala kowerengeka. Palinso kachidutswa kakang'ono ka izi zosiyanasiyana muyenera kuzisintha nthawi zonse.

Ubwino wabwino ndi kuyenda bwino. Chikhalidwe chimatanthawuza mitundu ya remontant.

• Honey sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana



Strawberry ndi mitundu ya remontant. Zinthu zosiyana ndizo zokolola zazikulu, ndipo ndi bwino kugulitsa, chifukwa mawonekedwe a mabulosi amasungidwa bwino.

The strawberries ndi okoma mokwanira, okongola kwambiri, mdima wofiira ndi kuwala pang'ono.

Kulemera kwa sitiroberi kumafika mpaka 45 magalamu.

Chikhalidwe chimalimbikitsanso kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndipo chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda.

Chinthu chosiyana ndi chakuti mbeuyo iyenera kukolola kucha, osati kukhala yayitali kapena kuchepa.

• Strawberry zosiyanasiyana "Marshal"

Strawberries za zosiyanasiyana zokoma ndi zokomakukhala ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira.

Pakuti zosiyanasiyanazi sizitanthauza kusamala kwambiri, monga sitiroberi masamba amakula mofulumira ndi kukula kwakukulu, omwe samakula namsongole.

Sikufunikanso kuthirira mobwerezabwereza komanso kulimbana ndi chilala. Zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhalanso zotsitsimutsa, monga zonsezi.

• Zosiyanasiyana za strawberries "Albion"

Amaluwa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zosiyanasiyanazi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa wowonjezera kutentha. Berry ndi onunkhira kwambiri komanso okoma, omwe amatanthauza ntchito yabwino.

Zimapindulitsa kwa nthawi yaitali, pafupi ndi chisanu. Amagwira bwino kwambiri ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso matenda osiyanasiyana. Froberries amakula kukula kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe okongola.

• Strawberry zosiyanasiyana "Gigantella"



Dzina la chikhalidwe limalankhula lokha, zipatso zimakula kwambiri.

Koma kukula kwake kumakhudza nthawi zonse kuthirira.

Chomerachi chimafuna kusamala.

Mtengo wa zipatso zoyamba umatha kufika mamita 100 m'lifupi ndi mamita 9 masentimita.

Strawberries za zosiyanasiyana ndi zokoma ndi zonunkhira.

Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za zoyenera komanso kusamalira strawberries.

Ife timaulula zinsinsi zonse za kubzala sitiroberi wowonjezera kutentha

Dothi la strawberries limakonzeratu pasanafike m'chaka.

Pafupipafupi kuti chikhalidwe ichi chikhale ndi mabedi apamwamba. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani bokosi lozolowereka, mudatuluke m'mabwalo. Pansi pake panagona nthambi zing'onozing'ono zotsalira pambuyo pa kudulira mitengo. Chilichonse chimadzaza ndi humus, koma osati kumapeto, kuchokera pamwamba muyenera kuchoka pafupifupi masentimita 20 ku nthaka yachonde. Kuti mukhale ndi chonde choonjezera cha nthaka, mukhoza kuwonjezera pea-oat kapena lentil-oat osakaniza.

Gawo lotsatira ndikubzala mbande m'bokosi. Izi zikuchitika kumapeto kwa September ndi kuyamba kwa mwezi wa October.

Oyenera kubzala mbewu zomwezo zomwe zili ndi mizu yabwino. Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mbande zoipa kuti musatenge nthawi ndipo musataye nthawi.

Kenako kumasulidwa nthaka iyenera kuphimba spunbondkoma sikofunikira. Izi zimachitidwa kuti zitha kuwonongera nthaka, njirayi imachepetsa maonekedwe a namsongole. Spunbond imapanganso kutentha kwapansi m'nthaka ndipo imateteza strawberries ku matenda osiyanasiyana.

Strawberries amabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kwambiri kuposa poyera pansi. Pambuyo pa masentimita 20-25, zimakulolani kubzala mbande zambiri ndikupeza zokolola zabwino m'tsogolomu.

Pogwiritsa ntchito spunbond kapena black agrofibre mukamabzala, luso la kukula kwa strawberries limasiyana pang'ono. Mu agrofibre, mabala aang'ono amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a mtanda. Kupyolera mu izi, maenje amapangidwa pansi ndipo mbande zimabzalidwa mmenemo, kenako zimadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi.

Ndi njira iyi, kuthirira kwachitika kumapeto kwa mbeu yonse yobzala. Mutha kumwa madzi ndi manja komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira.

Njira yachiwiri ikuthandizira ntchitoyi ndipo imapereka chitetezo chochulukira kwa mbewu pa nthawi ya fruiting komanso nthawi yokolola.

Kodi chisamaliro cha anabzala wowonjezera kutentha zomera

Strawberry chisamaliro chiri ndi zingapo njira:

• Kusamba chikhalidwe
• Kusunga kutentha kofunikira
• Kukhazikitsa kuyatsa kofunikira kuti kukula ndi kukula kwa strawberries
• Kudyetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zofunika
• Tetezani strawberries ku matenda osiyanasiyana

Kuthirira strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha

Pali njira zingapo zowulira strawberries: kuyamwa ulimi wothirira, sitiroberi yakuwaza ndi zina zothirira.

Musanayambe maluwa, kukonkha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba, kuthirira kumachitika pakati pa mizere kapena muzu, kuti usagwe pa zomera. Kuthirira kumatha masiku khumi.

Pamene sitiroberi imabwera fruiting, imathirira ngati pakufunika. Zimayesedwa kuti ndizitha kumwa madzi m'mawa 1 kapena 2 pa sabata malinga ndi nyengo.

Asanayambe kuthirira, muyenera kusonkhanitsa masamba obiriwira. Madzi ochuluka kwambiri amachititsa mapangidwe a matenda a fungal.

Pambuyo pa kuthirira kuli kofunikira kuti muthe pang'ono kulowa mu nthaka. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, kuchepetsa zokolola zingachitike.

Kuunikira strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kuti sitiroberi ikhale yabwino yokolola m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti boma likhale lowala kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi dongosolo lapadera la dosvet.

M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, tsiku likukula, ndipo kukula ndi chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mphamvu ya kuwala kwa maola 15 pa tsiku.

Kodi malire a kutentha kwapakati mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Chikhalidwechi chimafuna kutentha kwake komanso kufunika kwa chinyezi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zotentha zotentha ndi ulimi wothirira.

Chiwerengero cha masamba a zipatso chimakula ngati kufunika koti pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa January, kutentha kumayenera kufika + 12 ° С m'mphepete mwa wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo pakakhala masiku oundana masana, kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi 20 ° С, ndipo usiku + 8 ° С. Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa imakwera ku 25 ° C. Palibe chofunika kuti chiwonjezere kutentha, chifukwa chomera sichimawombera.

Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pamtunda wina. Pakulima ndi masabata angapo pambuyo pake, chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 85%, ndipo chiyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika 75%, ndipo nthawi ya maluwa iyenera kuchepetsedwa kwa 70%.

Ndi mtundu wanji wa feteleza omwe amafunika sitiroberi?

Feteleza pa nthawi ya maluwa iyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Manyowa amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma kuthirira n'kofunikira musanachitike izi.

Feteleza wamadzimadzi ali ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: saltpeter 10 magalamu, potashi mchere 17 gm, superphosphate 20 magalamu ndi zowonjezera zonsezi zimachepetsa mpaka 10 malita a madzi.

Izi zimachitika kuti feteleza imachokera ku njira ya zitosi za mbalame pa mlingo wa 1:15.

Pambuyo popanga mazira ambiri, madzi okwanira amasiya.

Ntchito zofunikira sitiroberi chitetezo ku matenda:

• Chinthu choyamba kutsatira ndicho mulingo woyenera pakati pa sitiroberi mbande.
• Chachiwiri ndi chakuti muyenera kuthirira bwino strawberries. Onetsetsani kuti dothi lanu silinagwe kwambiri.
• Gawo lachitatu ndilofunika kuonetsetsa kuti dothi likhale loyera, chotsani namsongole.
• Chinthu chachinayi choti muchite ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zofunika.
• Chachisanu, agwiritsire ntchito othandiza polimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.