Pofuna kuteteza nkhuku, muyenera kukhala ndi mndandanda waukulu wa zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi mchere komanso zakudya zambiri, zomwe zili ndi: mafuta, mapuloteni, mavitamini ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana.
Zakudya zonse zikhoza kugulitsidwa m'masitolo, koma akhoza kukonzekera nokha.
Inde, n'zosavuta kupita ku sitolo, monga kuphika zokometsera chakudya ndikovuta kwambiri.
Koma patapita nthawi, mukhoza kuphunzira mwamsanga izi.
Kuonjezerapo, kukupatsani mpata wopulumutsa chuma chanu, komanso momwe mudzadziwira zomwe zimalowa mu chakudya chanu chokonzekera.
Pansipa tikambirana momwe tingakonzekerere chakudya cha nkhuku ndi mbalame zazikulu.
Kodi ndi zofanana motani kuti mukonzekere nkhuku nokha?
Ngati mwasunga bwino nkhuku ndikudyetsa, izi zidzakupatsani zotsatira zabwino. Choyamba, mphamvu ya nkhuku ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo m'tsogolomu mudzapeza chakudya chokoma, chamoyo, zakudya ndi mazira.
Musanagule chakudya cha anapiye muyenera kuganizira mofatsa, chifukwa ndi chakudya chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri pa kukula kwawo. Zakudya zabwino zimakhudza kukula kwawo, kukoma kwa nyama, komanso kupulumuka kwawo.
Ndi zachibadwa kugula zakudya mu sitolo yapadera. Iyi ndi njira yophweka ndipo imatenga nthawi yochepa. Chakudya chingathenso kugula nkhuku za nkhuku.
Zakudyazi zidzakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa nkhuku, ndipo zidzakumbukiranso mbalame zonse zomwe zimakonda. Zakudyazi zili ndi mavitamini ambiri, mapulani.
Koma mungathe kupatula nthawi yanu yokha ndikukonzekera nokha chakudya.
Koma m'nyumbayo idyetsenso ayenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ambirizomwe ziri mu chakudya chogulidwa. Kuchita izi, mukhoza kukonza chakudya chophweka kwa nkhuku, zomwe ziri ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: chimanga, tirigu, balere ndi oatmeal, komanso keke ya mpendadzuwa.
Kuti mukhale ndi mapuloteni mu zakudya kumeneko muyenera kuwonjezera fupa kapena nsomba chakudya, kanyumba tchizi. Mndandanda wonsewu uyenera kusakanizidwa ndi mkaka watsopano kapena wofukiza. Ndipo nkhuku iliyonse imapereka magalamu makumi atatu a chakudya choterocho. Zingakhalenso zabwino kupereka aliyense mwa iwo dontho la yisiti yatsopano.
Pa masabata awiri oyambirira, chipinda chamagulu chiyenera kukhala nthawi zonse kuwalaPakutha masabata awa, nthawi yowala ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika maola khumi ndi limodzi pa tsiku. Koma masiku oyambirira ndi kofunika kuyang'anira khalidwe lawo kuti asatuluke ndikukangana.
Ndikofunika kutsanulira miyala yabwino mu odyetsa nkhuku kuti chakudya chikhale bwino m'mimba mwa nkhuku.
Muyeneranso kukonzekera nkhuku chakudya pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pamene anabadwa.
Nkhuku ziyenera kudyetsedwa mosalekeza, komanso kuwonjezera pa chakudya chochokera ku chakudya ndi mkaka, ayenera kudyetsedwa chakudya chouma. Chakudya chiyenera kupezeka kwa nkhuku. Koma nkofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya sichikuchepa m'magawowa, kotero kuti sichimangiriza kapena kuvunda.
Kodi mungadyetse nkhuku bwanji masiku oyambirira a moyo wawo? Chakudya chawo, mungagwiritse ntchito kusakaniza pamwambapa, koma muyenera kuwonjezera zakudya zawo zamasamba. Kwa ichi, nettle, nyemba kapena kabichi zidzachita. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito kaloti wa grated kapena kupotoza mu chopukusira nyama.
M'masiku oyambirira, mukhoza kuwonjezerapo pafupifupi magalamu asanu patsiku pa zakudya zawo, ndiyeno mukhoza yonjezerani chiwerengero cha kaloti mpaka 20 magalamu.
Azimayi amwenye akulangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito chakudya chawo kudyetsa nkhuku, kusiyana ndi kugula m'sitolo. Popeza chakudya chokongoletsera ndi chopindulitsa kwambiri kuposa kugula.
Pambuyo podyetsa mbalame pogula chakudya, pangakhale mavuto ambiri: matenda osiyanasiyana, zofooka ndi mavuto ena. Komanso, n'kosatheka kusintha kwambiri chakudya chopangira chakudya chokonzekera nokha, kusinthaku kuyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono.
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kudyetsa nkhuku masiku khumi ndi anai oyambirira a moyo wawo?
Nkhuku ikayamba kuoneka m'dziko lino, imafunika kudyetsedwa. M'masiku oyambirira a moyo wa mwana wa nkhuku, mazira ophika, mapira, kapena kanyumba akuwonjezeka ku zakudya zawo. Koma patapita nthawi, chakudya chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku zakudya zawo.
Liyenera kukhala ndi zakudya: nandolo, tirigu ndi barele, koma ufa wa chimanga ndibwino kwambiri. Zimakhudza kwambiri chitukuko, mafupa, mitsempha, ndi ntchito ya m'mimba.
Zida zofunika, zomwe zimafunikira kukonzekera manja awo kunyumba nkhuku:
- Choyamba chogwiritsira ntchito ndi chimanga cha nthaka, chiyenera kukhala theka la misala yonse.
- Chinthu chachiwiri chowonjezera ndi tirigu, chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 16 peresenti.
- Chotsatira, muyenera kuwonjezera ku keke kapena sprats, gawo lawo liyenera kukhala pafupifupi 14 peresenti.
- Gawo lotsatira ndi kefir, koma osati mafuta kwambiri, gawo lake ndi 12 peresenti.
- Ndipo chinthu chotsiriza chomwe mukufunikira kuwonjezera pa kusakaniza ndi otsala asanu ndi atatu a balere.
Kodi nkhuku ziyenera kudyetsa bwanji masiku khumi ndi anai a miyezi yawo?
Pa nthawiyi, nkhuku idya pafupifupi 120 magalamu a chakudya.
Pofuna kukonzekera chakudya chanu muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zotsatirazi:
- Chinthu choyamba chimene chimalowa mu chakudya ndi chimanga kapena chimanga, chomwe chimapanga 48 peresenti ya misala yonse.
- Chinthu chachiwiri muyenera kuwonjezera ndi keke kapena sprat mu kuchuluka kwa 19 peresenti.
- Chachitatu chimene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya ndi tirigu kuchuluka kwa 13 peresenti.
- Chigawo chachinai ndi nsomba kapena nyama ndi fupa la pfupa peresenti ya 7 peresenti.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi yisiti ya chakudya mu kuchuluka kwa magawo asanu.
- Chinthu chachisanu ndi chimodzi chimene muyenera kuwonjezera ndi udzu watsopano pafupi ndi magawo atatu.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi lotsiriza limadyetsa mafuta, liyenera kukhala limodzi peresenti.
Pazaka izi, ndibwino kupereka nkhuku zakudya zopatsa madzi pang'ono kuposa zouma.
Kodi muyenera kudyetsa nkhuku kuchokera mwezi womwe usanaphedwe?
Panthawi imeneyi, nkhuku imadya pafupifupi magalamu 150 a chakudya.
Kukonzekera nokha chakudya mwazigawo izi:
- Choyamba pazodyetserako ndi chimanga kapena chimanga pa kuchuluka kwa 45 peresenti.
- Chophatikiza chachiwiri ndi keke kapena sprat mu kuchuluka kwa 17 peresenti ya misa yonse.
- Gawo lachitatu ndi tirigu pa 13 peresenti.
- Gawo lachinayi ndilo nsomba kapena nyama ndi fupa.
- Chinthu chachisanu kuti muwonjezere ndi yisiti ya magawo asanu.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi udzu watsopano mwa kuchuluka kwa 1 peresenti.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi 1% choko.
- Ndipo gawo lotsiriza lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi 3 peresenti amadyetsa mafuta.
Zimakhala zovuta kuphika chakudya mwachibadwa ndipo zimatengera nthawi yambiri kuti zichite, ndizosavuta kuzigula. Koma m'nyumba ya chakudya pali ubwino wambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu yabwino ya broilers.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji chakudya cha mbalame zazikulu ndi manja anu?
Chosowa cha chakudya mu icho pamene icho chikuphwanyidwa ndi mbalame, kupanga mazira kumawonjezeka. Masukulu a nkhuku apanga maphikidwe a chakudya cha nkhuku. Choncho, tidzalemba mndandanda wa zigawo zonse zomwe zikuphatikizapo chakudya cha mbalame zazikulu:
- Chigawo choyamba ndi chimanga cholemera magalamu 450.
- Chigawo chachiwiri ndi tirigu wolemera magalamu 120.
- Gawo lachitatu ndi balere mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 70.
- Chigawo chachinai ndi ufa wa mpendadzuwa muyeso wa magalamu 70.
- Chosakaniza chachisanu ndi choko mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 70.
- Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'pofunika kuwonjezera nyama ndi mafupa pamtundu wa magalamu 60, komanso chakudya cha nsomba pamtunda wa magalamu 50.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi yisiti ya chakudya mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 40.
- Chotsatira chachisanu ndi chitatu ndi ufa wa udzu kapena udzu watsopano wa magalamu 30.
- Chinthu chachisanu ndi chinayi chomwe muyenera kuwonjezerapo ndi magalamu 20 a nandolo.
- Chigawo cha khumi ndi mavitamini ambirimbiri.
- Ndipo chinthu chomaliza chimene mukufuna kuwonjezera ndi 3 gm ya mchere.
Njira iyi yodyetsera nkhuku mu magalamu 100 omwe imapangidwa ili ndi 268 kcal ya mphamvu, komanso 17 peresenti ya mapuloteni osakwanira.
Mabungwe a nkhuku apanga chakudya chodyetsa nkhuku, malingana ndi msinkhu wawo, mitundu, ndi zokolola zawo.
Kodi yisiti imadyetsa mbalame ndi chiyani?
Chakudya cha yisiti chomwe chinapangidwa kuti nkhuku zisakhale beriberi.
Pofuna kuchita izi, muyenera kutenga pafupifupi 20 magalamu a yisiti yatsopano, kenaka ayenera kuchepetsedwa m'madzi ofunda kutentha (madzi ayenera kukhala limodzi ndi theka la malita), ndiye muyenera kuwonjezera ufa wa ufa, zonsezi ziyenera kusakanizika bwino ndipo zatsala zisanu ndi zitatu maola, pamalo otentha ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20 Celsius.
Ndondomekoyi ikatha, zonse zowonongeka zimaphatikizidwa ku mchere ndi mavitamini. Zakudya izi ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa nkhuku pafupifupi magalamu 20 patsiku.
Musanayambe kukonza chakudya chopangidwa ndi manja, muyenera kudziwa zimenezo Chakudya cha mbalame chiyenera kukhala cholemera mu mapuloteni ndi amino acid. Kukonzekera kwake, chakudya cha nyama, masamba, tirigu ndi nyemba, yisiti yatsopano ndi keke ndizofunikira.
Kudyetsa nkhuku (mbalame khumi patsiku) zophikidwa ndi manja ake zili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi:
- Chinthu choyamba kuwonjezera ndi mbatata yophika kuchokera 400 mpaka 1000 magalamu.
- Chinthu chachiwiri chimene muyenera kuwonjezerapo ndi mbewu zokwana 700 magalamu.
- Gawo lachitatu ndi sililage, kuphatikizapo 400-500 magalamu.
- Kenaka, onjezani kapena mkaka kapena wowawasa pafupifupi 200-250 magalamu.
- Chinthu chotsatira muyenera kuwonjezerapo mbewu zapansi pa 250 magalamu.
- Chigawo chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi karoti, pansi pa kuchuluka kwa magalamu 200.
- Chigawo chachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi chimanga cha tirigu pamtunda wa magalamu 100.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi nsomba kapena zonyansa za nyama zopangidwa mu chopukusira nyama peresenti ya magalamu 100.
- Pambuyo pake kuwonjezera keke kapena sprats pafupifupi 100 magalamu.
- Kenaka, muyenera kuwonjezera udzu wambiri pafupi ndi magalamu 100.
- Muyeneranso kuwonjezera choko muyeso wa magalamu 60.
- Beetroot ndi gawo lofunikira la pafupifupi 50 magalamu.
- Kenaka, yonjezerani chakudya cha fupa muyeso wa magalamu 20.
- Ndipo gawo lomalizira ndi mchere mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu asanu.
Kodi mbewu zomwe zimamera zimapindulitsa chiyani?
Ziribe zaka za nkhuku, zimathandiza kudyetsa tirigu wambiri, womwe uli ndi vitamini B. Wochuluka kwambiri, kuti ukhale wokolola njere, ndiyeno uwazibalalitse pamalo omwe dzuwa silingagwe.
Kutentha kumene mbewu ziyenera kupezeka ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi madigiri 23-26, mu malo otsekemera, kwa masiku angapo, mbewu zimatsalira kuti zikule. Koma ziyenera kukhala nthawi zonse hydrated.
Komanso m'nyengo ya autumn ndi nyengo yachisanu mungathe kudyetsa mbalame ndi nkhwangwa kapena udzu wochokera ku udzu wosatha monga: nyemba, clover. Zitsambazi zidzalimbikitsa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha mbalame ndi carotene. M'chilimwe, zitsambazi zimawonjezeka ku zakudya zawo, koma zatsopano.
Kuwonjezera pa izi, kuyika mbalame kungathe kuwala kwa ultraviolet pogwiritsa ntchito nyali zofunika. Ngati pali vitamini E chokwanira pakudya mbalame, zingakhudze dzira la mbalame, zomwe sizili zoyenera, ndipo maonekedwe a umuna pakati pa amuna amakula kwambiri.
Vitamini E imapezeka mu tirigu, imakula mbewu zachitsamba ndi chakudya chobiriwira.
Ndi kusowa kwa mapuloteni, mungathe kuona m'gululi mawonetseredwe a chiwonongeko, zomwe sizowoneka bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale chizindikiro cha matendawa chingakhale chochulukira cha chigawo ichi. Kapena chakudya cholakwika, chiwerengero cholakwika cha mchere ndi mavitamini mu chakudya, komanso kusowa kwa madzi ndi mchere.
Kodi chingakhale chosowa chochuluka cha chakudya ndi mafuta mu chakudya cha mbalame? Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu izi, nkhuku yopanga nkhuku imatha kuchepa, nthenga zimayamba kugwa, kapena mbalame zidzakhala zoopsa. Mbalame zimatha perekani chakudya chokomazomwe amakonda kwambiri, zomwe zili ndi zigawo za chikasu ndi lalanje.
Kodi ndi mavitamini ati omwe ayenera kukhala nawo pakudya mbalame? Mavitamini ayenera kupezeka mu zakudya zilizonse. Vitamini A ndi olemera mu carotene, imapezeka mu kaloti, maungu, kabichi, beets, tomato. Ngati mavitaminiwa sali okwanira, ndiye kuti mbalame zikhoza kutaya chilakolako chawo, kuchepetsa kupanga dzira, nthawi zina zimachotsa maso ndi mphuno.
Muyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa kukhalapo kwa vitamini B. Vitamini iyi imayambitsa kupanga ndi kulimbitsa chipolopolocho. Amapezeka mu mafuta a nsomba.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi vitamini E, yomwe imapezeka mu tirigu. Koma m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti mu tirigu omwe akhalapo kwa theka la chaka, mavitamini amachepetsedwa kukhala awiri kapena kuposa.
Muyenera kudziwa kuti mbalamezo zimachotsa mavitamini, koma zimadalira gawo limene zili.
