Ngati mukuyang'ana chomera chobiriwira ndi maluwa, ndiye kuti euonymus sangawone "maso anu", koma kuti awonetsere osowa bwino, ndizo zomwe mukusowa. Maluwa ake ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osadziwika, koma angakhale owonjezera kuwonjezera pa munda wanu kapena nyumba "wowonjezera kutentha". Ndikufuna kukambirana njira yotsirizayi mwatsatanetsatane. Kodi mungasamalire bwanji vutoli, momwe mungalime ndikulifalitsa, mumaphunzira kuwerenga nkhaniyi mpaka kumapeto.
Mitundu ya chipata cha euonymus
Mitundu yambiri ya zomera (ndipo ilipo pafupifupi 140) imapangidwa kuti ikhale yotseguka pansi, ndipo ziwiri zokha ndizoyenera kubzala mkati. Inde, tsopano tanthauzo Japanese euonymus ndi euonymus rootingzomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba mwathu.
Kusiyana koyamba kumasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba obiriwira a nsalu zobiriwira zazitali zooneka bwino zamphepete mwa mapiri okongola. Kutalika kwake kumasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita 3 mpaka 8, ndipo maluwa amafanana ndi masentimita 1 (mu inflorescence iliyonse kuyambira 10 mpaka 30 zidutswa). Mtundu wa maluwa ndi wobiriwira, ndipo bokosi lalanje kapena pinki limakhala zipatso.
An eumus rooting (dzina lina ndi Forchun's euonymus) ndi shrub yomwe imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 30-60, ndipo nthambi zimakula kufika mamita atatu m'litali. M'madera a nthambi akhoza kuphuka. Masamba ndi ofewa, ang'onoang'ono, ali ndi mdima wobiriwira ndi mawonekedwe ovoid. Maselo awo aatali kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 cm.
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya euonymus ndi yoopsa kwambiri, koma yotchi ya wartwood ndi euonymus ya Europe ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa makungwa awo amakhala ndi galimoto.
Malamulo a chisamaliro cha euonymus muzochitika za chipinda
Chomera chomwecho chikukula mu zosiyana zosiyana chimafuna chidwi. Choncho, chisamaliro cha euonymus chimasiyana ndi chisamaliro cha maluwa.
Kuunikira ndi kutentha
Pankhani yowunikira, chomerachi ndichabechabe ndipo chimakula bwino mu mdima ndi mthunzi, ngakhale choyamba chiri choyenera. Kawirikawiri chipinda cha euonymus chimafuna kuunikira bwino chaka chonse, chifukwa chake palibe mitundu yonse yomwe imakhala yabwino kumpoto kwa nyumba kapena nyumba.
Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumapindula ndi euonymus, koma ndi bwino kuti agwere pambali pa chomera m'mawa kapena madzulo. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba yomwe imakula kumbali ya kumpoto, koma imatha kutayika mtundu wawo, womwe ndi wosafunika kwambiri kuchokera kumaso.
M'nyengo yozizira, simungabisire mphuno ya kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa dzuwa silingathe kukhala ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi iye monga m'chilimwe.
Mbali ina yofunika ya kusamalira mbewu ndi kutentha kwa mkati. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, zimakhala zosavuta kupanga malo abwino otentha (kutentha sikuyenera kukwera pamwamba + 24-25 ° C), m'nyengo yozizira zizindikiro za kutentha zimachepetsedwa mpaka 8-10 ° C. Kutentha kwa nyengo kumatentha kumapangitsa kuti mphunoyi isatayikire masamba.
Pa nthawiyi, mukhoza kutenga chomera ku khonde lamoto, ngakhale kuti simukulola kutentha kwambiri. Nthawi yozizira ya euonymus (mpaka zaka zitatu) m'munda wamunda imapatsa malo okhala ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba owuma, komanso kuti zitsamba za zomera zazikulu zisawonongeke, utuchi kapena masamba abweretsedwe mu tsinde lawo.
Mukudziwa? Pali nthano zingapo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi euonymus. Woyamba akunena kuti mfitiyo inadzutsa chitsamba chakupha chifukwa cha mkwiyo kwa anthu, koma kenako anadandaula ndi zochita zake ndipo anapanga chomera mankhwala. Pambuyo pake, iye mwiniyo adasanduka mbalame yaing'onoting'ono - robin (poizoni wa zipatso samakhudza iwo). Malingana ndi nthano yachiwiri, chiwonetserochi chinawonekera chifukwa cha mkwiyo wa mulungu wamkazi Flora, yemwe anataya zokongola ziwiri - brooch ndi mphete. Iye sanayambe kuwayang'ana iwo, koma anangowatembenuzira iwo kukhala euhmus shrub: maluwa amawoneka ngati masamba, ndipo zipatso zimawoneka ngati mphete.
Zomwe zimapangidwira nthaka ndi feteleza
Si chinsinsi kuti chipinda cha euonymus chimasiyana ndi munda wamaluwa ndi kubzala, koma chifukwa cha nthaka, mitundu yonseyo imakhala ndi zofanana. Kukula kwakukulu ndi chitukuko cha zomera izi ndizosakaniza kusakaniza mchenga ndi maluwa ochepa padziko lonse mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3. Poyenera, pH mlingo sayenera kukhala wapamwamba kapena wotsika kuposa 6, ndipo acidity sayenera kulowerera ndale.
Ndikofunikira! Zomwe zimadalira mchenga zomwe mchenga ukuyenera kuzigwiritsira ntchito sizowonjezera kuti muyambe m'nyumba.Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuti chomera chikukondweretseni ndi maonekedwe ake abwino, masamba okongola komanso ochulukitsa fruiting mutabzala euonymus, ndiye kuti, kuphatikizapo nthaka yabwino, imayenera feteleza yoyenera, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka kangapo pachaka.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kubzala euonymus kumapeto kwa maluwa pamene maluwa akupanga. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yabwino kwambiri yoperekera ndi manyowa, omwe anali ochepetsedwa kale ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mungagwiritse ntchito zitosi za mbalame, koma kulowetsedwa kwazomwekuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi theka.
Pakuti zomera zamkati zimakhala zokwanira ndi zovuta mchere feteleza, zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamapeto. Zimapangidwa kamodzi pa mwezi, ndipo ngati nthaka mu mphika imakhala ndi acidity, ndiye ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi mandimu. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho sichiri feteleza, chifukwa chimakhala panthawi yopuma ndipo safuna kudya nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mwinamwake chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kusamalira mbewu inayake ndi kulondola kwa kuthirira kwake. Pankhani ya chipatala cha euonymus, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka ndi osachepera kuchuluka kwa salitsi kusungunuka. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, kuthirira kumakhala kokwanira, koma musalole chinyezi chokhazikika muzu.
M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, chiwonongekochi sichimakonda madzi, ndipo chiwerengero cha madzi amatha kuchepetsedwa. Zomera zomwe ziri pa khonde lamadzimadzi pa kutentha kwa 5 mpaka 10 ° C, simungathe kumwa madzi. Ngakhale kuti sagawanika ndi masamba awo, iwo ali mu malo opuma mokwanira.
Kuwonjezera kuthirira, gawo lalikulu limasewera ndi msinkhu wa chinyezi mu chipinda. Alimi ena amaluwa amasonyeza kuti chizindikirochi sichikutanthauza, ndipo kupopera mbewu kumathandiza kokha. Komabe, ngati mpweya uli m'chipinda chouma kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kumakhala kokwanira, izi zingayambitse masamba a euonymus.
Ndi masamba a chikopa omwe amachititsa kuti madzi asatulukire pang'ono ndi zomera, chifukwa amalekerera mpweya wouma wa malo ozungulira bwino. Pochotsa fumbi kuchokera ku euonymus, akatswiri amapereka nthawi ndi nthawi kukonzekera kusamba.
Kupanga korona ndi korona
Osati mitengo yokha ya m'munda, komanso zomera zapansi za ku Japan zimafunika kudulira nthawi ndi nthawi kudulira. Choncho, kuti mphunoyi ikhale nthambi, iyenera kudulidwa masika onse, nyengo yonse ikukula. Zimayambira pa zomera zimakhala zofewa komanso zopepuka, kuti apereke mawonekedwe (mwachitsanzo, kupanga mawonekedwe a bonsai).
Chaka chonse, kuyeretsa kudulira kungathe kuchitidwa (monga mphukira ya mphuno yowuma). Komanso kuchotsedwa nthambi zofooka zomwe zimatenga mphamvu kuchokera ku chomera.
Ndikofunikira! Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kutsitsa, zomwe zimangowonjezera nthambi komanso zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kanyonga kakang'ono.Mukhoza kukula chomera chanu, ndikuchipatsa pafupifupi mawonekedwe. Malo osiyana kwambiri a euonymus ndi masango, pamene nthambi zambiri zimachoka muzu (pomwe palipo, zowoneka bwino ndi zokongola).
N'zotheka kukula chomera ngati mtengo wamtengo: thunthu silinachoke pansi, ndipo pamwamba pake limaphatikizidwa ndi korona wakuda, omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kulungama kwabwino komanso kwakanthaŵi yake ndi kuzimitsa nthawi zonse kuti zidzutse mphukira zakuda. Ngati mukuyesera, mukhoza kukula bonsai kuchokera ku euonymus.
Euonymus toxicity
Kwa wamaluwa odziwa bwino si chinsinsi chakuti euonymus ndi yoopsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zina ziyenera kuwonedwa pamene zikukula. Ndipotu ngoziyi imangowoneka ndi zipatso zokha, komanso ngakhale kwa ana ndi nyama, monga munthu wamkulu ayenera kudya zipatso zambiri za poizoni.
Kukula kwa shrub
Zomera zazing'ono (mpaka zaka 3-4) ziyenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse, koma kwa munthu wamkulu wamkulu ndizokwanira kusintha malo okula kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu (ngati palibe chosowa, ndiye chingakhale chochepa).
Ndondomeko yowonjezera imayendetsedwa motsatira ndondomeko zotsatirazi: Mzere wothira madzi umatsanulira pansi pa poto yatsopano yokonzedwa kale (sayenera kukhala yaikulu kuposa yomwe yapita), kenako nthaka yokha idzaza. Ndibwino kuti muzitha kuziyika muzitsulo zosakanikirana ndi nthaka yothira masamba, kuphatikizapo mchenga wochuluka ndi humus (mu chiŵerengero 1: 2: 1: 1).
Sitiyenera kuiwala kuti nthaka ya euonymus iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yodzaza ndi micronutrients. Ngati mwasankha kusuntha chomera pamalo otseguka, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuziika m'chaka.
Mukudziwa? Euonymus imagwiritsidwa bwino ntchito mankhwala, ndipo mankhwala opangira mankhwala si makungwa okha, komanso masamba, nthambi komanso mbewu. Chomerachi chili ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, laxative, antimicrobial, antihelminthic, diuretic ndi antiparasitic.
Kuberekera kwa euonymus kunyumba
Nthawi zambiri, Euonymus imatulutsa mbeu (masamba obiriwira kapena kugawanitsa chitsamba), koma pambali ya zomera zamkati, kuberekanso mbewu kumayambanso kukumana.
Kugawa chitsamba
Nthaŵi zambiri, pogawanitsa chitsamba chamamera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya euonymus amafalitsidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo okhala ndi mizu yambiri, yomwe imapereka kukula kwatsopano chaka chilichonse. Zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti muthetsepo ndi kulekanitsa bwinobwino mphukira zazing'ono kuchokera kumsambo wa mayi (pamodzi ndi gawo la rhizome), ndiyeno muzitengere ku 2/3 m'litali ndikuzibzala mu mphika wina. Njirayi ndi yopweteka kwa euonymus.
Cuttings
Pamene kudula eosklet, muyenera kusankha cuttings a dina zosaposa 6-10 ndi internode imodzi. Pambuyo pake, chodulidwacho chiyenera kuloledwa muzipadera za phytohormone ufa ndi kuyika zidutswa za mchenga. Kuthikira mphukira ndi kuwaphimba ndi filimuyo, muyenera kuyembekezera miyezi 2-2.5, ndipo atangoyambira mizu, akhoza kuikidwa pamalo osatha.
Ndikofunikira! Cuttings bwino mu theka lachilimwe la chilimwe.
Mbewu
Kawirikawiri chipinda cha euonymus chimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, zomwe zimapangidwa mabokosi a zipatso pambuyo pa maluwa. Pakadutsa miyezi itatu iwo amatha kusungunuka pa kutentha kwa +3 ° C. Nthawi ino ndi yokwanira kuti mbewu zambiri ziwononge malaya. Pambuyo pake, iwo kutsukidwa ku prisemyannikov ndipo anaika mu yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (0,5%).
Bzalani mbeu izi zikhale zakuya (masentimita 2), ndipo pambuyo pa masabata 2-3 mudzawona mphukira zoyamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta chipinda cha euonymus, momwe tingachitire ndi iwo
Nthaŵi zambiri, chipinda cha euonymus chimaopsezedwa ndi kangaude, aphid, ndi chishango. Nkhumba zimapezeka mosavuta pa masamba, ndipo zimangowoneka ngati masamba atembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Kuonjezera apo, chizindikiro chodziwika cha kukhalapo kwa nkhupakupa ndikutuluka kwa masamba ang'onoang'ono.
Podziwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zoterezi, nkofunika kukhala ndi chinyezi mu chipinda (makamaka masiku otentha), nthawi zina kutsuka masamba pamadzi osamba, mumatha kugwiritsa ntchito shampu kapena sopo. Panthawi zovuta kwambiri, mumayenera kupita ku chithandizo cha acaricides, koma pakapita nthawi, nthata zimakhala zosagwirizana nazo.
Amapereka mavuto ambiri ndi chishango (pali mitundu yosiyana - chikopa chadothi). Pambuyo pa "kumamatira" papepala, imachoka pa chikasu, yomwe imawonjezera nthawi ndi kuwononga maonekedwe a chomeracho. Polimbana ndi vutoli lidzathandiza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - Aktara kapena Konfidor, komanso kuchotsa tizilombo ku masamba ndi sipon kapena swasu ya thonje.
Monga choyimitsa chomera pa sopo, sungani sopo kuti muzisiye kwa ola limodzi. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kutsuka bwinobwino masamba osambira.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, chiwonongekocho chiyenera kusiya mu bafa kwa maola angapo.Sitikudziwa kuti mudzatha kuteteza matenda onse a zitsamba, koma mosamala mukhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha tizirombo.
