Kuyambira maluwa begonia: kufotokoza mitundu, kulima ndi kusamalira kunyumba

Pakati pa wamaluwa ndi okonda zomera, m'nyumba za begonia zamasamba zobiriwira kapena zoyenera maluwa zimayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera.

Maluwa ake akupitirira kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo amalenga malingaliro opitilira.

Zamkatimu:

• Mitundu ya begonias inayamba maluwa
• Wamtali
• Kutalika pakati
• Kudzitsimikizika (amamera)
• Zomwe zimakhala bwino pakukula kunyumba
• Malo ndi kuunikira
• Mavuto otentha
• Kutentha kwa mpweya
• Kusamalira kwanu
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Kusamba madzi
• Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito moyenera ndi kuziika
• Nthawi yopumula ndi maluwa
• Njira zoberekera
• Cuttings
• Kufesa mbewu
• Tizilombo ndi matenda

Mafotokozedwe a botanical a zomera zamkati

Nthawi zonse maluwa a begonia (semperflorens) ndi a banja la Begonia. Osatha ndi wakuda tsinde kufika 15-40 cm mu msinkhu. Ili ndi masamba obiriwira bwino. Maluwa amatsenga, oyera, ofiira kapena pinki. Palinso mitundu iwiri, yomwe ili ndi pinki pamasamba oyera.

Maluwa amphongo ali ndi phala zinayi, akazi - zisanu. Ovary akakhwima akama bokosi. Mbewu ndizochepa.

Mitundu ya begonias inayamba maluwa

Chomeracho chimakonda kutchuka kwambiri chifukwa chiri ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu.

Wamtali

Mitengo yautali ndi semperflorens, kufika 30-40 masentimita. Ambiri otchuka pakati pawo ndi awa:

1. Alba Lili ndi chitsamba chosakanikirana ndi sing'anga chambiri maluwa. Lili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa oyera.
2. Gustav Knaake. Amadziwika ndi chitsamba chosakanikirana, masamba obiriwira okhala ndi malire ofiira. Maluwa okongola a coral amatha kufika 3.5 masentimita awiri.
3. Kate Teicher - Kufalitsa chitsamba kufika 30 cm. Masamba a masamba ofiira. Maluwa ndi ofiira kwambiri.
4. Volumyya. Masamba ali ndi zobiriwira, maluwa - oyera, kuwala pinki ndi pinki. Kukaniza kutentha ndi chilala.
5. Lotto. Wodziwika ndi masamba a emerald masamba ndi kukhalapo kwa maluwa akulu osiyana mitundu.

Kutalika pakati

Kalasi yapakatikati imaphatikizapo mitundu kufika 15-30 masentimita:

1. Othello Zitsamba zokwanira mpaka masentimita 24 Masamba ndi mdima wobiriwira wamaluwa, maluwa - ofiira. Ali ndi maluwa ambiri.
2. Ambassador. Mtundu wa masamba obiriwira okhala ndi malire ofiira kapena oyera. Maluwa ndi ofiira, pinki kapena awiri.
3. Bada boom Mtundu wa leaf ndi wamkuwa. Maluwa ndi oyera, pinki kapena ofiira. Kusiyana oyambirira maluwa.
4. Carmen Lili ndi masamba a bulauni ndi maluwa okongola. Amadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri.
5. Senema. Mtoto wamkuwa wamtengo wapatali, wosiyana kwambiri ndi maluwa ofiira olemera.

Kudzitsimikizika (amamera)

Ndi mitundu yochepa yomwe imakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mkati. Kutalika kwa tchire sikuposa 16 cm. Otchuka kwambiri:

1. Ball Ed. Mtundu wa leaf ndi wobiriwira wofiira. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, ofiira kwambiri. Chimake chochuluka ndi khalidwe.
2. Bicola Masamba obiriwira. Maluwa amtundu woyera. Odziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa 4 maluwa mu inflorescence.
3. Eureka. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira, maluwa - woyera. Mbali yaikulu ndi kukula kwa maluwa omwe akhoza kukhala masentimita 4.
4. Fairy C Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira ndi malire ofiira. Maluwawo ndi ofiira. Yotheka, yokhala ndi 9 maluwa inflorescence.
5. Rosa Nova. Zitsamba zokhala ndi shrub mpaka masentimita 10. Ali ndi masamba obiriwira ndi maluwa okongola. Maluwa ochulukirapo ndi ofunika, mpaka maluwa okwana 120 kuthengo.

Mukudziwa? Masiku ano, mitundu yoposa 600 ya begonias nthawi zonse imadziwika.

Zomwe zimakhala bwino pakukula kunyumba

Beginonia yowonjezera sikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku zomera zowonongeka. Koma kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ambiri, muyenera kusankha malo abwino.

Malo ndi kuunikira

Semperflorens amakonda kuwala kochepa, kotero iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kumadzulo kapena mawindo akummawa. Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa okwana chaka chonse, m'pofunika kupereka chomera ichi tsiku la maola 16. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito nyali zowonjezera. Mukayikidwa kumbali yakum'mwera, pangani kuwala komwe mukugwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala apadera kapena makatani.

Mavuto otentha

+ 20 ° + 24 ° С. Pa kutentha uku, begonia nthawi zonse maluwa amakhalabe maluwa. Ngati mukufuna kupanga mpumulo wa semperflorens, ndiye kutentha kutsetsereka ku + 12 ... + 14 ° С.

Ndikofunikira! Pa kutentha pansipa + 12 ° C, zomera zonse za begonia zimawonongeka.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Popeza kuti begonia nthawi zonse maluwa ndi maluwa otentha, amafunikira mvula yambiri. Kupopera mbewu moyenera sikuzindikira, kuchokera kwa iye masamba amayamba kudima. Utsi ukhale pambali pa mphika. Njira yabwino ndiyo kuyika chomera mu mphika pa thireyi ndi miyala yozonda ndi kuwonjezera pa madzi mwachindunji mu thireyi.

Kusamalira kwanu

Kusamalira m'nyengo yozizira komanso nyengo yozizira ili ndi zizindikiro zake.

Kupaka pamwamba

Monga kuvala pamwamba, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala okonzeka kapena mutha kukonzekera nokha.

Njira zothandizira kunyumba ndi izi:

• yisiti njira;
• chosakaniza shuga;
• masamba a tiyi;
• pepala la citrus;
• chigoba cha dzira;
• mtundu wa nthochi;
• phulusa.

Ndikofunikira! Kuwonjezera-kukhutira ndi organic kapena feteleza feteleza kungachititse imfa ya duwa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chakudya musapewe kugwa pa masamba, chifukwa zimayaka mankhwala. M'chaka, feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito madzulo, atatha kuthirira madzi. M'nyengo yozizira, ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri, muyenera kupanga ufa wa phosphate. Ngati mukufuna kukonzekera chomeracho mu malo opuma, muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza.

Kusamba madzi

Kumwa Begonias nthawi zonse maluwa imapangidwa ndi madzi otetezeka. Amaloledwa kuthirira madzi mwa kumiza mphika m'madzi.

M'chilimwe, muyenera kumwa madzi tsiku lililonse. M'nyengo yozizira - monga dothi limauma, koma osachepera 1 nthawi pa sabata.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito moyenera ndi kuziika

Kupanga chitsamba chobiriwira ndi kusintha maluwa odulira a semperflorens amapangidwa. Kudulira koyamba kumachitika pa kambewu kakang'ono kamene kanakafika pa masentimita 6. Pogula pamwamba, mumalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mphukira zowonjezera. Kubwezeretsanso kumachitidwa ndi kutalika kwa mphukira za masentimita 10. Pambuyo pake, chitsamba chimaonedwa kuti chinapangidwa. Kukonzekera kwapadera kumachitika mwanzeru kuti akhalebe mawonekedwe abwino. Kuwonjezera apo, nthawi zonse muyenera kudula masamba owonongeka ndi owuma. M'nyengo yozizira, Begonia Wosatha safuna kudulira.

Dziŵani zochitika za kusamalidwa kwa begonia begonia begonia kunyumba.

Kuyambira pamene begonia ikukula kwambiri mizu, imayenera kuikidwa nthawi zonse. Kusindikiza kunapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuti tichite izi, chomeracho chichotsedwe mu mphika, chotsani nthaka yochuluka kuchokera ku mizu, kuchotsani mizu youma kapena yoonongeka. Pambuyo pake, mizu ya maluwa imamizidwa kwa mphindi zingapo mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Atasambitsidwa pansi pa madzi ndipo analola kuti ziume. Kenaka, chomeracho chobzala m'phika lalikulu. Pambuyo pa kuziyika, begonia imasowa madzi okwanira mobwerezabwereza.

Nthawi yopumula ndi maluwa

Beginonia yosalala safuna nthawi yopumira, imatha kusangalala ndi maluwa ake chaka chonse. Koma kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ambiri ndikuletsa kukalamba msanga, ndibwino kuti mupange nthawi yopuma nthawi yachisanu. Begonia nthawi zonse maluwa amakonda kuwala kwambiri ndi chinyezi. Kupanga nyengo yabwino pa nyengo yotentha ndi kovuta kwambiri, ndipo, monga lamulo, panthawi imeneyi zomera siziwoneka zokongola. Pa nthawi yopuma, semperflorens amapeza mphamvu ndipo pambuyo pake amakondwera ndi maluwa ambiri.

Pofuna kuyambitsa kuzungulira kwa begonia ku dziko la mpumulo m'dzinja, muyenera kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi nthawi ya masana. Kenaka, sungani chomeracho ndikuchiyika m'malo ozizira, ozizira mpaka February. Nthawi ya maluwa oyambirira pa semperflorens imayamba kuchokera kumapeto kwa February.

Njira zoberekera

Pali njira zingapo zoberekera begonia.

Cuttings

Kwa njira iyi, imachokera kutalika masentimita 10, yomwe ili ndi awiri awiri awiri. Cuttings bwino kudula mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Mdulidwe uyenera kuchitidwa ndi khungu lochotsedwa, chotsani masamba apansi. Pambuyo pake, phesi likhoza kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'nthaka kapena kuika m'madzi kuti ikhale yotsekemera. Kuti njirayi ipite mofulumira, mukhoza kuwonjezera njira yopezera madzi kuti ikule kukula kwa mizu, yomwe imapangidwa mkati mwa mwezi.

Kufesa mbewu

Njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga. Koma ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kukula ku begonia kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kunyumba. Kufesa kumachitika kuyambira December mpaka March. Kubzala, nthaka imafunika, yomwe ili ndi peat ndi mchenga. Nthaka yokonzedweratu imathiriridwa ndi madzi otentha, zimapanga malo omwe mbeu imayikidwa. Mbewu zapamwamba zokonzedwa ndi dothi lochepa. Pambuyo pake, mphika umayikidwa pamalo ofunda, owala. Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera masabata awiri. Akafika masentimita asanu, muyenera kumangoyamba.

Mukudziwa? Mu 1 g ya begonia mbeu imayamba maluwa pali mayunitsi 85,000.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Monga pakhomo lililonse, begonia yobiriwira ikhoza kugwidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda.

Matenda:

1. Mame a Mealy. Wodziwika ndi mapangidwe pa zigawo zonse za zomera kuzungulira mawanga ndi woyera scurf. M'tsogolo muno, malo okhudzidwawo amdima, ndipo mbewu imamwalira. Polimbana, mukhoza kutsanulira duwa ndi yankho la 0.1% "Readzol", yankho la 0.05% "Morestan", ndi 0,5% yothetsera colloidal sulfure.
2. Grey kuvunda, omwe ndi causative wothandizira bowa botrytis. Mdima wamawanga, pang'onopang'ono kupeza mawonekedwe a imvi zowola, amatha kuwoneka pa mbali iliyonse ya chomera. Chifukwa cha matendawa ndi kuthirira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mkuwa wa sulphate ndi sopo.
3. Macheza. Causative agent ndi tomato kachilombo. Odziwika ndi maonekedwe a chikasu chobiriwira. Palibe mankhwala othandiza. Chomeracho chiyenera kuwonongedwa kuti chiteteze ena.
4. Bakiteriya kuona. Kumbuyo kwa pepala kumaoneka mabala amteresi omwe angathe kufalikira ku cuttings ndi maluwa. Mitengo yopweteka imachiritsidwa ndi 0,5% yothetsera mkuwa oxychloride. Ngati zowonongeka kwambiri, mbewuyo iyenera kuwonongedwa.

Kuwonjezera pa matenda, kuganiza molakwika kumayambira ku zirombo:

1. Aphid wowonjezera kutentha. Amaganizira kumbuyo kwa pepala. Kugonjetsa kumabweretsa chikasu cha masamba, kugwa kwa masamba, kumafuna maluwa. Kuchokera ku njira zopanda njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi kusuta fodya.
2. Mug ndi ofewa. Zimakhudza mapesi, zimayambira, masamba a zomera. Maluwa odwala amadwala mwamsanga ndipo amafa. Kulimbana kumapangidwa mwachangu, chifukwa ichi, chomera chonse chimakulungidwa ndi burashi yothira mu adyo yankho.
3. Mtsuko wamagazi wofiira. Tsamba lochepa kwambiri limapezeka pa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, ndiye kuti mabowo amaonekera pamasamba, masamba amasanduka chikasu ndipo posachedwa amatha. Kuti nkhondoyi igwiritse ntchito mankhwala ophera mankhwala.

Pezani chifukwa chake chipinda cha begonia chimakhala chouma pozungulira.

Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala kuti zomera sizimaphuka kapena masamba amatha, kutanthauza matenda kapena kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo. Zizindikiro zoterezi zingasonyeze kusamalidwa koyenera, kotero musanayambe kuchipatala, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chomeracho kuti chiwonongeke kapena kuvulala.

Mbalame yonse ya begonia isonyeza kuti ndi yotentha kwambiri pazitentha zomwe zakhazikika pawindo. Amadabwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu ndi mitundu yawo. Ili ndi duwa lokhala ndi chikhalidwe chomwe, ngati chisamalidwa bwino, chidzasangalala ndi maluwa ake chaka chonse.