Nkhumba zamatabwa ndi imodzi mwa tizirombo toopsa kwambiri panthawi yosungirako. Amadyetsa balere, mpunga, tirigu, buckwheat, chimanga komanso pasitala. Chiwombankhanga chingayambitse kutayika kwakukulu kwa nkhokwe za tirigu. Alimi amaganiza kuti maonekedwe ake ndi oopsa chabe, chifukwa kachilombo kakang'ono kameneka kangabweretse vuto losalephereka kukolola. Choncho, m'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za momwe tingachitire ndi weevil mu tirigu.
Kodi greyary weevil amawoneka bwanji?
Greyary weevil - Ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono (4 mm), timdima tambiri, timdima tating'onoting'ono, ndi thupi lopapatiza ndi mapiko. Icho chiri cha dongosolo la kafadala.
Nthawi zambiri mbewu zimamera: mbewa, Colorado mbatata, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, slugs, makoswe, ntchentche, aphid, nsapato, tizilombo tambirimbiri.
Tizilombo ndipo timatchula dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mutu. Kumapeto kwa gulu lake lapadera, pali zipangizo zamakono, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe tizilomboti timayambira ku mbali zofewa za tirigu.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale iwe weevil ya tirigu pali mapiko, sizinasinthidwe ngati ndege. Tizilombo timayenda pamtunda mothandizidwa ndi munthu: pa zombo, katundu, sitimayo ndi tirigu wambiri.
Kubalana ndi kusintha kwa moyo
Nthawi yotentha, kachilomboka kamayamba. Mothandizidwa ndi nthendayi yaing'ono, mkaziyo amakoka ming'oma ya tirigu ndikuyika dzira pamenepo. Pambuyo pake, ndowe yopangidwa ndi ufa imatseka mpata. Choncho, mbewu zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zimakhalabe zowonongeka. Iwo amatha kusiyanitsa kokha ngati mbewuzo zimaponyedwa m'madzi: zomwe ziphuphuzo zatha kale, zidzatuluka, ndipo zonse zidzamira pansi. Komanso pa nthawi yoyendera, mukhoza kuona kuti mbewu zowonongeka ndizosalala.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa chaka chimodzi, ndi zofunikira zoyenera kusungiramo mbewu zaulimi, granary weevil amapereka mibadwo 2-4.
Mayi mmodzi akhoza kuika mazira 150-300. Akazi amakhala 3-4 miyezi, amuna - miyezi isanu. Nthawi ya chitukuko cha mphutsiyi ndi masabata 3-6, malingana ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi. Pa kutentha kwa +4 ° C, mphutsi zimasiya kukula, ndipo pa -5 ° C amafa. Mphutsi imatembenukira ku ziphuphu zomveka mpaka 3-5 mm yaitali. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri (8-22), zidutswa za kale zomwe zidapangidwa kuchokera kumsasa ndikupita panja. 
Kodi ndizovulaza bwanji granary weevil
Granary weevil amakhala masiku 200 mpaka 250, chifukwa tsiku limodzi akhoza kuwononga 0.67 mg ya tirigu. Mphungu ikhoza kuwononga mpaka 11-14 mg wa tirigu patsiku, pamene ikuluma kuchokera mkati. Choncho, nambala yambiri ya tizilombo imatha kuwononga mbewu zambiri.
Zowonongeka sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo zimalephera kuthera.
Njira zothetsera mavuto
Popeza zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa njuchi za tirigu, zimakhala zothandiza nthawi zonse njira zothandizira:
- Asanagone m'mabotolo apadera osungirako, m'pofunika kuyeretsa tirigu ndi zosalala zamsongole;
- Nkhumba zosiyana siyana za msonkhano ndi chinyezi ziyenera kusungidwa mosiyana;
- Zomera zosungirako mbeu ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino kuchokera ku katundu wambuyo ndi zowonongeka kusanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Afunika kuyang'anira chinyezi pa nthawi yosungiramo tirigu; Panthawi yosungirako nthawi yaitali, chinyezi chikhale 2-4%;
- onetsetsani kuti muwononge njere yoonongeka.
Ndikofunikira! Kufufuza mbeu ya infestation ndi weevil granari iyenera kuchitika mwezi uliwonse m'nyengo yozizira komanso kawiri pa sabata m'chilimwe.
Monga njira yowononga, munthu ayenera kuyera ukhondo m'nyumba ya granari ndi yosungiramo katundu, kuwatsogolera mothandizidwa ndi khemistri (gasi losokoneza bongo, mpweya wotsekemera, ndi zina zotero), ndi kuchenjeza.Njira zogwiritsira ntchito nkhokwe ya weevil
Zimakhala zovuta kuononga tizilombo tosungiramo katundu, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira: tizilombo tiri m'malo ovuta kufika komanso mkati mwa tirigu. Tithandizidwe kuchotseratu njira zowonongolera zachitsulo, zomwe ziri motere:
- Njere yozizira kufika pa -10 ° C. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chinyezi ndi mpweya wabwino. Pachifukwa ichi, tizirombo titha kuonongeka chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa, zomwe sizikulekerera.
- Ndi chithandizo cha aspiration kukonzekera ndi kuchotsedwa kwa weevil pa sieves ndi mabowo. Kusuntha mbewu kumakhudza vuto la tizilombo ndikuchepetsa nambala yake.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonongeke. Pali mankhwala okwanira omwe angatengere mbewu kuchokera ku tizilombo: mwachitsanzo, "Aktellik", "Arrivo", "Karate" kapena "Fufanon".Mukudziwa? Kukonzekera kumachitika ndi mabungwe apadera okha, anthu amaloledwa kupita ku sitolo pokhapokha mpweya wokwanira. Kukonzekera koteroko kudzakuthandizani kuthetseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma imakhalanso ndi zovuta zawo - mutatha kukonza mbewuyi sizingatheke kwa nthawi yaitali.Ambiri akukumana ndi vuto la zitsamba zamagetsi, osati m'malo ogulitsa komanso osungiramo katundu. Nthawi zina tizilombo timakwera m'nyumba, ndipo, monga lamulo, eni ake amayesa kuwachotsa ndi chithandizo cha mitundu yonse njira zamtundu:
- kachilomboka kamadzudzula adyo ndi mankhusu ake, amaikidwa mu chidebe ndi tirigu;
- Muyenera kusunga tirigu mumitsuko kapena zida zotsekedwa bwino;
- Mankhwala opatsirana ayenera kutayidwa pamene sakusayenerera kudya.
- iwo akukonza makabati ndi sopo-acetic yankho;
- Bay masamba ndi lavender, atayikidwa pa masamulo, kuwopseza tizilombo ndi fungo lawo.
Musapange masamba akuluakulu a tirigu ndi pasitala. Ngakhale mutagula tirigu m'matumba, tizilombo timatha kudula pang'onopang'ono. Nyerere ya njovu ikhoza kuwononga kwambiri mbewu, yomwe imasungidwa m'mabwalo ndi nkhokwe. Koma palinso njira zolimbana nazo ndi kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
