Mitengo yaying'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi ili ndi mayina ambiri: mkulu - fortunella, Japanese - kinkan (golidi lalanje), Chinese - kumquat (apulo golide). Makhalidwe a lalanje, mandimu ndi mandarin akuphatikizidwa mu chipatso chimodzi chokha, chomwe chimatchedwa kumquat. Chomera chodabwitsa ichi chiri ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe tidzaphunzira zambiri.
Nagami kumquat
Mitundu ya Kumquat Nagami, kapena Fortunella margarita (Fortunella margarita) - wotchuka kwambiri pa mitundu yonse ya kumquat. Ndi shrub yaikulu yokula pang'onopang'ono kapena mtengo wawung'ono womwe uli ndi masamba obiriwira. Ikhozanso kupezedwa pansi pa dzina lakuti Kinkan oval.
Amabereka zipatso chaka chonse, osagwira kuzizizira komanso ngakhale chisanu, koma mumatentha, zipatso zabwino zimapsa. Maluwa a kumquat Nagami ndi oyera ndi onunkhira, ofanana ndi maluwa a zipatso zina. Mtundu wa rind ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso amafanana ndi lalanje, ndipo kukula kwake ndi azitona wamkulu. Khungu lokoma kulawa likusiyana ndi yowawasa yowutsa mudyo ndi mandimu.
Ndikofunikira! Kumquat Nagami akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu nyumba mu miphika yayikuru, ndi yokongola kwambiri chomera cha bonsai. Dothi lokongola liyenera kukhala lochepa pang'ono, ndipo kuthirira kumakhala koyenera m'nyengo yozizira komanso kawirikawiri m'chilimwe. Kunyumba Kinkan kumafuna kuyatsa bwino.
Nordmann Nagami
Sungani Nordmann Nagami Zakhala zikugwedezeka mofulumira kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyana siyana za Nagami posachedwa ndipo ndizosawerengeka. Pochita malonda pang'onopang'ono, imakula ku California.Mbali yake yaikulu ndi kusowa kwa mbewu. Mtengo wokhawo maonekedwe ndi katundu uli ofanana ndi mitundu ya amayi ya Nagami, imakhalanso ndi chisanu. Zipatso za mtundu wa orange-chikasu zili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, koma khungu ndi lokoma. Mtengo umatuluka m'chilimwe, ndipo umabala zipatso m'nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Mu 1965, ku Florida, George Otto Nordmann anapeza pakati pa zipatso za citrus ndipo anakulira kuti apeze tizirombo timene timagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a Nagami. Chipatso chake chinalibe maenje. Pambuyo pake mitengo yambiri yambiri inachotsedwa. Mu 1994, zosiyanasiyanazo zinatchedwa "Nordmann Bessemyanny."
Malay Kumquat
Malay Kumquat (Fortunella polyandra) ali ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha kufalikira pa Malay Peninsula. Mtengo umafika pamtunda wa mamita 3-5. Kawirikawiri zimakula kuti zikhale zokongoletsera komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpanda. Masamba obiriwira a mdima wandiweyani ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena ozungulira. Zipatso za kumquat ya ma Malay ndi zazikulu kuposa za mitundu ina, ndipo mawonekedwe awo ndi ozungulira. Zamkatimu zili ndi mbeu zisanu ndi zitatu. Nyerere ya chipatsocho ndi golide-lalanje mumitundu, yosalala ndi yowala.
Ndikofunikira! Kumquat ya Malayali ndi yovuta kwambiri kuzizira, ndipo m'zigawo zapamwamba zimayenera kukulira mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Kumquat maeve
Kumquat Tree wa Amayi (Fortunella crassifolia) - amamera, ali ndi korona wandiweyani komanso mapepala ang'onoang'ono. Amakhulupirira kuti Kumquat Maeve ndi Mitundu yosakanizidwa ya Nagami ndi Marumi. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi nthawi ya chilimwe, ndipo zipatso zimapsa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Mitengoyi imakhala yosazira kwambiri kusiyana ndi Nagami, koma imayimitsa kutentha. Zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa zinki.
Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi zokoma kwambiri, ndizo zokometsetsa zam'mimba, zozungulira kapena kuzungulira kunja, zowoneka ngati mandimu, zazing'ono zazikulu. Zomwe zili mu nyerere ndizochepa, pali zipatso popanda miyala iliyonse. Mitsempha yonse yowirira ndi yamchere imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. Izi ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yowonjezera.
Hong Kong Kumquat
Ochepa kwambiri ndi owopsa Mzinda wa Hong Kong (Fortunella hindsii) imakula ku Hong Kong ndi m'madera ena akufupi a China, koma palinso mawonekedwe ake. Ili ndifupipafupi komanso yopyapyala, masamba aakulu.
Mtengo wawung'ono umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bonsai. Mmera wamkulu sukula pamwamba pa mita. Zake zofiira-lalanje zipatso ndi 1.6-2 masentimita awiri. Chipatsochi n'chachidziwikire: sizowutsa mudyo, ndipo mu magawo onsewo muli mbewu zazikulu, zowonongeka. Ku China, nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zokometsera zokometsera.
Mukudziwa? Zipatso za mchere wa Hong Kong ndi zipatso zazing'ono kwambiri za zipatso za citrus. Kunyumba, chomera ichi chimatchedwa "golide wa nyemba".
Kumquat Fukushi
Mtengo wa Kumquat wa Fukushi, kapena Changshu, kapena Obovata (Fortunella Obovata) Ali ndi korona wosiyana kwambiri wopanda minga ndi masamba ozungulira, akhoza kulekerera kutentha. Zipatso za Fukushi zimapangidwa ngati belu kapena peyala ndi masentimita asanu. Nyerere ya chipatso ndi lalanje, yokoma, yosalala ndi yoonda, ndipo thupi ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso yowawasa, ndi mbewu zingapo.
Ndikofunikira! Kumquat Fukushi ndi buku labwino lokhala m'malo amodzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, maonekedwe onunkhira, mawonekedwe okongoletsera, kudzichepetsa komanso zokolola zambiri.
Kumquat Marumi
Marumi Kumquat, kapena Fortunella Japanese (Fortunella japonica) amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa minga pamapazi, ndipo mawonekedwe onse amafanana ndi mitundu ya Nagami, masamba okhawo ovundala ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ozungulira pamwamba. Chomeracho chimakhala chosasinthasintha. Zipatso za Marumi ndi golide wagolidi, kuzungulira kapena kupyapyala, zochepa, kukula kwake, zonunkhira ndi zochepa.
Mukudziwa? Kulongosola koyamba kwathunthu kwa mtundu uwu wotchedwa Citrus japonica ("citrus Japanese") unafalitsidwa mu 1784 ndi katswiri wa zachilengedwe wa Sweden Karl Peter Thunberg m'buku lake "The Japanese flora".
Variegated kumquat
Zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana Kumquat (Variyegatum) inalembedwa mu 1993. Izi zimapanga citrus ndi mtundu wa Nagami kumquat.
Mitengo ya variegated kumquat ndi mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi masamba ambiri komanso kusowa kwa minga. Masamba ali ndi utoto wobiriwira ndi kirimu, pa zipatso zimakhala zobiriwira komanso zobiriwira zobiriwira. Zipatso zikapsa, zimatha, ndipo khungu losalala la chipatso limayambira lalanje. Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zolemetsa, kuwala kwalanje thupi yowutsa mudyo komanso wowawasa. Zimapsa m'nyengo yozizira.
Kumquat pakuti ambiri ali zovuta zachilengedwe pambuyo pa zonse Inu mukhoza kulikula ilo kunyumba. Kusankha mtundu wosiyanasiyana wokha ndi kupereka zakudya zosamalidwa, mukhoza kusangalala ndi kukoma kwake kwa "citulo" chagolide.
