Aloe mwina ndiwo mtundu wambiri wa zomera m'nyumba za anthu anzathu. Kupaka nyumbayi kungathenso kutchedwa vuto la kunyumba, chifukwa aloe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ambiri ndipo safunikira kafotokozedwe kawirikawiri. "Maphikidwe a agogo aakazi" pogwiritsa ntchito aloe mwinamwake anapulumutsa aliyense wa ife, kotero chomeracho sichingasokonezedwe ndi china chirichonse: masamba a razlie, maonekedwe okongola ndi kununkhiza.
Chimene Aloe amachitira kunyumba, mitundu yambiri yamkati
Dziko la Aloe ndi Arabia Peninsula, ndipo m'chilengedwe kumeneko muli mitundu pafupifupi 400 ya zomera, ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kukula m'nyumba. Mukamagula aloe, mudzakulangizidwa kuti mitundu yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri panyumba, pakati pawo:
- Mtengo wa Aloe, wotchuka kwambiri wotchedwa "agave". Mu mitundu iyi, masamba ndi aakulu (20-25 sentimita). Iwo ndi minofu, razlohe ndi kupyolera mwa iwo amatha kuwona tsinde. Pamphepete mwa "kuzungulira" mano ndipo mukhoza kufika kutalika kwa mita imodzi.
- Aloe "tiger". Tsinde la chomera ichi ndi lalifupi kwambiri ndipo liri pafupi losawoneka. Masambawa ndi ofiira, owala bwino ndi mikwingwirima yoyera, opangidwa pamunsi mwa tsinde. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha maonekedwe a "kambuku" aloe imasokonezeka ndi Gaster: ilibe "cloves" ndipo imatha kuzizira.
- Aloe vera (Aloe Vera). Mafuta a mtundu uwu wa mtundu wa lanceolate, amajambula wobiriwira ndi mthunzi wosuta ndi mano kumbali. Iwo amatha kufika masentimita 50 m'litali ndipo amakhala rosettes pa phesi lalifupi. Mitundu imeneyi imatha kuphulika (nthawi yayitali ndi ma inflorescences angapo, ndipo maluwawo ndi achikasu). Mitundu ina ya Aloe Vera ikhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wofiira.
- Kuwopsya kwa aloe - chomera chachikulu kwambiri, chomwe chilengedwe chimatha kufika mamita atatu mu msinkhu. Masamba a mitundu iyi ndi minofu ndi yaikulu - mpaka masentimita 50 m'litali ndi mamita masentimita 15 m'kati mwake ndipo "pindani" mu rosettes (maluwa okongola a lalanje okhala ndi chofiira chofiira amapezeka kuchokera pakati pa rosette). Chochititsa chidwi, masambawo amatha kukhala ndi ubweya wofiira, ndipo ma cloves amatha kukula m'deralo.
- Sopo sopo - nthumwi yokhala ndi tsinde lomwe "mphepo." Masamba a mitundu iyi ndi aakulu (60: 6), apansi ndi ophwanyika. Kawirikawiri mbewu si imodzi, koma zingapo zowonjezera rosettes. Masamba "amazokongoletsedwa" ndi mawanga oyera, ndipo ma cloves amakula pamphepete mwa pepala. Mitengo yotereyi imadziwika ndi chiwombankhanga cha mtundu wachikasu ndi zofiira.
Malo oti azisankhira aloe
Pofuna kusankha malo abwino odzala mbawala, m'pofunika kuganizira malo ake okhala, kutentha ndi kuunikira, chifukwa nthawi zina azisamalidwe azikhala olondola. Mofanana ndi otsala onse, zomera izi zimakonda malo abwino kwambiri, choncho zenera zonse zomwe zimapita kummwera zimakhala zogwiritsira ntchito "moyo" wake. Ngati chomeracho chidzadziwika ndi dzuwa - izi sizili vuto, chifukwa zimalekerera bwino.
Kutentha kwabwino kwa kukula kwa alowe kungakhale kosiyana ndi nyengo: m'nyengo yozizira, zizindikiro za kutentha kwambiri ndi + 10 ... 15 ° C, komanso m'chilimwe, zomera zimatha kusungidwa kutentha. Ambiri amalima maluwa akulangizidwa kuti apange alowe ku khonde (m'bwalo) m'nyengo ya chilimwe, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono, choyamba ndikuzisiya ora limodzi.
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimafuna kuunikira kwina, komwe kungaperekedwe ndi nyali za fulorosenti.
Mbali yobzala zomera za mankhwala
Pofuna kulima bwino ndikukhala kosavuta kusamalira, ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo onse pobzala chomera. Mchitidwewo wokha suli wovuta, komabe, pali zovuta zina zomwe zikufunikiranso kuganiziridwa.
Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe mukufunikira kudziwa posankha dothi la alowe ndi chakuti liyenera kukhala lachonde ndi lopanda (kwa aeration yabwino ya nthaka). Ngati dothi lanu silili lotayirira mokwanira, lingathe kumasulidwa pakamwa. Polima njuchi, mukhoza kugula gawo lokonzekera, ndipo mukhoza kuphika nokha. Pachifukwa chotsatira, muyenera kutero: nthaka yadongo, yomwe imasakanizidwa ndi masamba ndi dothi louma pa chiwerengero cha 2: 1: 1. Chofunika kwa aloe ndi kukhalapo kwa ngalande, yomwe ingakhale ngati dothi lowonjezera.
Mukudziwa? Ntchito ya ngalande ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi makala, omwe anaphwanya kale.Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndikuteteza chinyezi cha nthaka.
Kulowera
Ndondomeko yobzala aloe ndi yophweka ndipo ili ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi:
- Kukonzekera kwa dziko kusakaniza ndi ngalande.
- Kutulutsa madzi pansi pa mphika, kubwezeretsanso nthaka yosakaniza 2/3 ya thanki, ndi madzi ake.
- Kuika mchenga wouma, pre calc calcined.
- Kudyetsa kubzala zakuthupi (kumangika m'manda mwachisawawa).
- Kusuntha nthaka ndi madzi.
Momwe mungasamalire bwino aloe
Kuti aloe akhale omasuka pawindo lanu, kusamalira kunyumba kumakhala ndi zinthu zingapo: kuthirira moyenera komanso kwakanthaŵi yake, kudya zakudya zabwino, kuika molondola ndi kudulira. 
Kuthira ndi kupopera mbewu
Kusamba madzi kumadalira nthawi ya chaka. M'nyengo yozizira, iyenera kukhala yochuluka (ndikoyenera kuthirira ngati dothi lakuuma, zidzakwanira 1-2 pa sabata). M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimapita "kupumula" ndipo kuyamba kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa. Aloe sakonda madzi osasunthika, choncho ndi bwino kuthirira pamphika, kapena kuchepetsa chomera m'madzi kwa mphindi 10-15. Pomwe madzi akudumpha, masambawo amatha kufa. Ndiponso, madziwo sayenera kuyima poto kwa nthawi yayitali. Kwa kuthirira ayenera kusankha madzi ofewa, kutentha kwa firiji.
Mukudziwa? Aloe, kaŵirikaŵiri, amamwalira chifukwa cha kusefukira, pamene kumaliza kumawonekera mwa iwo mosavuta.Zokwanira kupopera mphika kamodzi pa sabata, koma mfuti iyenera kukhala pamtunda wa masentimita 30 mpaka 50 kuchokera ku chomera, kuti tipewe madzi omwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Kodi kudyetsa Aloe
Aloe sichifunika kukwera pamwamba, chifukwa ndi kuthirira bwino kumakula bwino, komabe, chomeracho chimadya mwezi uliwonse "zoteteza" pamwamba. Kupaka feteleza kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn, ndi bwino kupangidwa ndi mineral feteleza ndi eco-feteleza. M'nyengo yozizira, panthawi yopuma, sikoyenera kudyetsa chomeracho.
Kudulira zomera
Pofuna kusankha njira yabwino yopanga aloe, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kuti njira zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa nkhaniyi ndizosiyana ndi njira zopanga zomera zina, chifukwa kapangidwe ka tsamba ndi tsinde ndizosiyana. Pofuna kukonzera bwino chomera ichi muyenera kutsatira malamulo 5 osavuta. Chinthu choyamba chomwe chili chofunika kuwona pamene kudulira ndiko kusamalira thanzi la mbewu. Muyenera kuchotsa zonse zouma kapena masamba owonongeka pang'ono, chifukwa ali m'magulu "odwala" omwe mabakiteriya ambiri amayamba. N'zosatheka kusaikira kuti dzuwa aloelyubit, choncho chisamaliro chidzakhala kuchotsa masamba omwe amalepheretsa kupeza kuwala.
Lamulo lachiwiri ndi lofunika kwambiri ndi kudulira koyenera kwa mbewu. Pepala ilidula ndi mpeni pansi. Kawirikawiri amachotsa mapepala oopsa kwambiri, chifukwa ali kale akale ndi okhwima. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zaumwini.
Khwerero lachitatu pakudulira ndikuteteza kukula kwa chomera. Ngati ili ndi mphukira zatsopano, ndi bwino kuzichotsa, popeza zimachokera kuzu. Mbali zoterezi zimachotsedwa ndi kukokera kuzu, pamene zatha kufika masentimita 5-6 m'litali.
Chinthu chachinayi cha kudulidwa kwabwino ndiko kusunga mtundu wa poto ngati momwe zingathere. Zomera zitatha, masamba akale amafunika kuchotsedwa, komabe, popeza kuti si mitundu yonse yomwe ikufalikira, amalima sadakumane ndi vutoli. Ndipo chomalizira, koma osati chinthu chosafunikira kwenikweni ndi kudula mazira aloe. Pakutha, yang'anani mizu ndikudula mizu yaitali kwambiri. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukula kwa mizu yatsopano, yathanzi.
Kodi ndi liti pamene likufunika ndi momwe mungaperekere
Mzu wa alolo umayamba mofulumira kwambiri, choncho, nthawi ndi nthawi chomera chimafuna kuika. Malinga ndi msinkhu wa aloe, amafunika kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse (zomera zazing'ono) kapena chaka chilichonse (kwa zomera zakale). Kujambula kumachitika mumphika, womwe udzakhala 1.5 nthawi yapitayi.
Anthu ambiri amafunsa kuti: "Kodi alowe akhoza kuikidwa mu kugwa?". Mapuloteni samalimbikitsa izi, chifukwa mu kugwa mbewu imayamba "kugona" ndipo mphika alibe nthawi yokonzera malo atsopano "okhalamo".
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mulibe mwayi wokonzekera gawo lofunika kuti mukhale ndi bwino, mungagwiritse ntchito kusakaniza kwa cacti, chinthu chachikulu ndi madzi.
Kubalana kwa aloe, njira zazikulu
Aloe wakhala nthawi imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri pazenera zowonongeka, chifukwa cha mbali yayikuru yosiyana siyana.
Kufesa aloe
Kufalitsa mbewu ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Mbewu imafesedwa kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March, kutentha kwa firiji. Kuwaika mwakuya iwo samasowa, kuti mokakamiza akankhire mu gawo lokonzedwa kale. Mbande ziyenera kudumphira mu timabokosi tating'onoting'onoting'ono tating'ono ndipo tipeze zitsulozi kutentha kwa 21 ° C, makamaka pansi pa nyali. Atatha kumera, m'pofunikira kuti muzitha kuziika mu miphika, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi muzitsanso.
Mukudziwa? Kufesa mbewu za aloe ndi zofanana ndi kufesa mbewu za cactus.
Aloe cuttings
Aloe akhoza kufalitsidwa ndi cuttings chaka chonse, koma ndi bwino kuchita cuttings m'chilimwe. Mitengo ya cuttings imakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo imayenera kudulidwa pansi. Pambuyo kudula, zowonongekazo zakhala zowonongeka, pamalo osalala kwa masiku asanu, kuziyika mu chipinda chakuda. Malo omwe zidutswazo zimadulidwa ndizofunikira kuti "apukutire" ndi makala.
Mitengo imabzalidwa mchenga, pamtunda wa masentimita 3-5, chifukwa pokhapokha mzuwo umakhala bwino. Sikofunika kuika malirowo, 1 masentimita okwanira, koma chinyezi chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri, choncho chimakhala chosasunthika (pamene mizu yoyamba ikuwonekera, kuthirira kumayenera kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri). Patatha mwezi umodzi, akuluakulu a cuttings angathe kuikidwa miphika yaing'ono ya maluwa, kukhala okonzeka kusakaniza.
Kubalana kumatulutsa mphukira
Mphukira yobala - njira yomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito popereka mbeu iliyonse.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti muzisankha kuthawa, muyenera kuzisiyanitsa kuchokera pa pepala la makolo. Mphukirazo zimakhala ndi masamba ochepa komanso opanda masamba.
Ngakhale mu chomera chaching'ono, mphukira ndi "olimba" ndipo amatha kuphuka mofulumira komanso moyenera. Kuti abereke mphukira ayenera kusamalidwa bwino, zouma ndi kubzalidwa mu gawo lokonzedwa kale (lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi kubzala). Musanayambe kubzala, kudula ndi malasha. Zimalangizidwa kubzala mphukira kumtunda kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mphukira imayamba mizu mkati mwa mwezi umodzi, ndipo pambuyo pake imawoneka ngati chomera chachikulu.
Kufalikira kwa mphukira ndizofunika kwambiri panyumba, komabe, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi monga wodziwa bwino florist. Kukula kwakukulu kumatchedwanso "mwana". Ana amakula pafupi ndi mizu ndipo amadzikulitsa okha mizu yawo. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito njirayi, mumangoyenera kukumba "mwana" ndi kumuika mu gawo lotsirizidwa.
Monga mukuonera, aloe sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera ndipo ndizosangalatsa kulikula pawindo lanu, chifukwa zopindulitsa zomwe zili mu chomerachi zingakuthandizeni kwambiri pochiza matenda ambiri (chomera ichi chimathandiza kwambiri ku chimfine). Ndipo ndani sakufuna kukula kunyumba "dokotala wobiriwira"?
