Calendula imatengedwa kuti ndi mankhwala kwambiri kuposa chomera chokongola. Komabe, malalanje-chikasu, maluŵa ofunika pamtundu wobiriwira amawoneka bwino kuposa wokongola. Kalendula yofalikira idzawoneka bwino m'magulu onse, ndi kubzala kamodzi, pakati pa nyimbo kapena ngati chimango.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Kulima kwa calendula pobzala mbewu za mbande ndi kovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi malo otseguka, koma ndi njira iyi, chomeracho chimamasula pachiyambi.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande ndizothandiza ngati mukufuna kukula.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa
Kufesa mbewu za mbande zimachitika nthawi zosiyana. Kufesa koyamba pansi - kumapeto kwa March-April, nyengo yozizira isanakwane - kumapeto kwa autumn. Kufesa pansi pa nyengo yozizira ndibwino ngati mukuyembekeza kumayambira ndi maluwa.
Nthaka: kukonzekera ndi kusamalira
Calendula akamabzala, ndipo posamalira ena, sichimayambitsa mavuto a chilimwe. Njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito kubzala zitsulo ndi mabowo.
Nthaka ingagulidwe okonzeka (chifukwa cha maluwa a herbaceous) kapena mungathe kukonzekera nokha. Pachifukwa chomaliza, tenga gawo limodzi la munda wa sod, mchenga umodzi, magawo atatu a tsamba ndi humus. Kusakaniza kowala kumeneku kuli koyenera kwambiri kwa calendula.
Mbeu za calendula zimayikidwa mu nthaka masentimita atatu. Zida ziyenera kukhala ndi zojambulajambula. Kusunga nthaka chinyezi kumafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse, zomwe zingathandizidwe ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Ndikofunikira! Kutentha kwambiri kungachititse kuti mbande zivunda.Kuthira kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi feteleza zosakaniza zowonongeka kwa mbande, ndifupipafupi kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Mavuto otentha
Zitsulo zokhala ndi mbande ziyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chosachepera kuposa 15 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekerani pafupi sabata mutatha kufesa, koma musaiwale kuonetsetsa kuti chipindacho sichinakhale ndi kutentha kwa madiresi.
Kufesa mbewu poyera
Calendula - ndi chomera cholimba chimene chikulimbana ndi kutentha. Sichiwopa frosts (mpaka -5 ° C), ndipo amamva chimodzimodzi m'munda ndi m'munda.
Mukudziwa? Calendula ankakondedwa ndi Marguerite Valois, Mfumukazi ya ku France, ndipo zipinda zake nthawi zambiri zinali zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a maluŵa osakhwima. Mfumukazi ya Navarre inakondwera ndi kukongola kosasunthika kwa calendula, kufotokozera izo mabukhu ake. Chithunzi cha Margarita chokhala ndi calendula m'manja mwake chikukongoletsa ku Garden Garden ku Paris.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa
Pa nthawi yeniyeni, ngati kuli bwino kudzala mbewu za calendula potseguka pansi, ndiye kuti mukhoza kudzizindikira nokha, pogwiritsa ntchito zokhazokha.
Pamene kumera kwa masika kumamera mu April, komanso m'dzinja - m'nyengo yozizira, mu October. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, mukhoza kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka ikukonzekera motere: gwiritsani mtanda wa dziko m'manja mwanu ndikuuponya kuchokera kutalika kwa mamita. Ngati wina akuphwanyika mosavuta, mukhoza kuyamba kumtunda.
Kusankha malo obzala
Malo abwino kwambiri a calendula adzakhala dzuwa kapena malo ochepa omwe ali ndi nthaka yothira bwino. Mu mthunzi wonse, zimayambira za zomera zimatulutsidwa, ndipo maluwawo amakhala ochepa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, malo osankhidwa ayenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo, zomwe zingathe kufooka.
Nthaka: kukonzekera ndi kusamalira
Nthaka imakonzedwa m'dzinja: humus imayambitsidwa (theka chidebe pa mamita) ndi 20 g ya superphosphate ndi potaziyamu kloride aliyense. M'chaka, basi musanadzalemo, urea akuwonjezeranso (30 g / mamita).
Mukhoza kutsitsa urea ndi fetereza kuchokera mu sitolo, kapena kuchepetsa humus ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate (supuni). Atagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, amafukula pansi ndikuyang'ana mchere.
Ndondomeko ndi kuya kwake
Musanabzala mbewu za calendula, dziwani momwe mukubzala.
Pofika, amapanga mizere iwiri masentimita m'madzi. Pakati pa mizere ndi zomera zimachoka mtunda wa pafupifupi masentimita 40 kuti mubzala umodzi.
Calendula imabzalidwa pofesa mbewu m'nthaka ndi masentimita atatu kapena anayi. Kudzala kwakukulu kumachepetsa mbewu kumera.
Pakulima, chiwembucho ndi chosiyana: masentimita 10 pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 40 pakati pa mizere.
Chisamaliro cha Calendula
Kusamalira misomali sikuli kovuta kuposa zomera zina. Kusamalitsa nthawi zonse ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zonse zofunikira zamasamba kudzakuthandizira kukongoletsa munda wanu ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi "dzuwa" lazing'ono.
Zosangalatsa Anthu a ku Welsh anatsimikiza nyengo ngati marigolds: ngati marigolds sankatsegulidwa mokwanira m'mawa, zikanakhala zowonongeka, mwinamwake mvula yambiri, ndipo m'nyanjamo iyo inali chithunzi chamkuntho.
Kuthirira: mitundu yonse
Calendula - chomera chomwe chimakonda chinyezi kwambiri, kotero amafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse. Koma pali miyendo yambiri: mbande ya marigold yomwe imangobzalidwa mwatsopano imathiriridwa katatu kapena kanayi pa sabata, koma zomera zazikulu zimafuna kuthirira pa nthawi ya chilala.
Muzochitika zachilendo, ndi mvula yambiri, mukhoza kuthira kawiri pa sabata. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo ndi ulimi wothirira, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Kudyetsa calendula kumafunika masiku 12-14 onse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza feteleza: Ammophos (20-30 g / m²) kapena Nitrophoska (70-80 g / m²), koma simuyenera kutenga nawo mbali, chifukwa chakuti kawirikawiri ntchito zawo zingayambitse matenda.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza, samalani: chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, inflorescences amakhala ochepa komanso otumbululuka.
Kuchotsa maluwa a inflorescences
Kuti phokoso lalikulu likhale lokongola komanso lachitsulo. Kuchotsa zozizwitsa zomwe zidzathera zidzatulutsa nthawi ya calendula mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo; kuwonjezera apo, ma inflorescences atsopano adzakhala akuluakulu ndi owala. Musathamangitse kutaya mbali zotsalira, zidzakhala zothandiza ngati mankhwala.
Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mbewu
Patatha mwezi umodzi kutuluka kwa mbande calendula imayamba kuphuka. Sungani ma inflorescences ndi mbewu m'nyengo yozizira, kuchotsa mabokosi oopsa, omwe ali pamalo osanjikizika.
Ngati nyembazo sizikusonkhanitsidwa mu August, adzichepetsera okha. Maluwa ali ndi mabokosi owuma mpaka kudziko la kuvunda. Mbewu imasankhidwa mosamala, yopangidwa mu matumba a nsalu ndi kusungidwa mu malo owuma, amdima, mpweya wabwino ndi ofunda.
Chenjerani! Maluwa a calendula omwe ali ndi mphumu yowonongeka ndi yosafunika kwambiri - mungu ungapangitse kuti anthu asamayende bwino komanso kuwonjezera thanzi lawo.
Kuphatikiza kwa calendula ndi zomera zina
Kutalika kwa calendula (mpaka 60 cm) kumakulolani kulima ngati chophimba chamoyo kapena mini fence, m'mphepete mwa zomera zochepa. Zidzawoneka zabwino pafupi ndi zitsamba zobiriwira zokongola.
Mtundu wa calendula (kuchokera ku kirimu kupita ku golidi) udzakongoletsa udzu wa Moor ndi phiri la mapiri. Chomerachi chimatha kuika dzuwa ndi mdima wandiweyani: buluu, buluu-nsalu yofiira, burgundy, ndi calendula yomwe ikukula pang'ono idzawoneka bwino kuchokera ku miphika, kukulunga madengu ndi miphika.
Kupambana, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri kumakhala koyenera kubzala m'munda pafupi ndi masamba ndi zamasamba. Calendula amagwira ntchito ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda panthaka yomwe imakula.
Zimateteza nthaka ku matenda (mizu zowola) ndi majeremusi. Chomera ndi choyenera polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, ma rasipiberi ntchentche, nyerere ndi kabulugufe. Zimathandizira chitetezo m'mitengo ina.
Tizilombo ndi matenda a calendula: kupewa ndi kuchiza
Calendula nthawi zambiri amadwala, ndipo matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi ofiira ndi powdery mildew. Yoyamba imakhudza masamba ndi mawanga wakuda kapena amdima, ndipo calendula imasiya kukula kuchokera ku chipika choyera kumbali yomwe ili pamwambapa ya zomera zomwe zimasiyidwa ndi powdery mildew ndikufa.
Mukawona kugonjetsedwa mochedwa ndipo muyenera kutengapo kanthu mwamsanga, gwiritsani ntchito fungicides: Fundazin, Topsin, Topaz.
Ngakhale ndibwino kuti musachiritse, koma kuti muteteze - kuchotsani namsongole mnthawi yake, kuyeretsa nthaka mu kugwa, musadetsedwe ndi nayitrojeni ndikuwonetseratu zamasamba.
Simuyenera kukula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zoposa zitatu. Chitsamba chodwala chomwe sichikhoza kuthandizidwa chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupatulapo aphid. Kalendula yake, ngati kusonkhanitsa okha phindu la oyandikana nayo. Pofuna kumasula zomera kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, yesani kuyipiritsa ndi Karbofos, Aktellik kapena Antitlin.
M'zaka zamkati zapitazi, Calendula idadyedwa - idakhala ngati kudzazidwa kwa pie, idaphatikizidwa ku saladi ndi tirigu, mbale zazikulu, ndi puddings zakonzedwa.
Koposa zonse, zinaliyamika ngati zokometsera, chifukwa chinali calendula yomwe inalowetsa safironi, yomwe siidali yotsika mtengo, ndipo panthawi imeneyo, yomwe inabweretsedwa kuchokera kunja kwa nyanja, idali kupezeka kwa anthu olemera kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha mankhwala, Calendula amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zizindikiro za mankhwala akale monga Galen, Avicenna, Amirdovlat, Amasiats ndi herbalist Kulpeper.
