Ku Europe, mitundu pafupifupi 1000 ya nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimamera pamitengo yobzala zafotokozedwa. Mtundu wa tizilombo umasiyana kuchokera kubiriwira lakuda mpaka lakuda, kutalika - kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 mm.
Kuopsa kwa nsabwe za m'maso kuzomera
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimayambitsa mbande podyetsa chakudya ndi kutulutsa mankhwala oopsa. Zomera zofooka zimayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, bacteria and virus.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakonda kwambiri. Mkazi m'modzi amatha kuikira mazira 150 nthawi imodzi. Kusintha kukhala munthu wamkulu ndi masiku 7. Kwa 1 nyengo, mbadwo kuchokera 10 mpaka 17 mibadwo ya tizilombo angathe. M'mikhalidwe yoyenera (mu wowonjezera kutentha), aphid imodzi imatha kubweretsa mbadwa za 5 * 109. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mapiko, tiziromboti timasunthira mosavuta kuzomera zoyandikana.
Siphutsi yazomera za shuga - pate - amakopa nyerere. Zoyang'anira nkhalango zachilengedwe komanso nthawi yomweyo tizirombo ta m'mundamo timathandizira kuteteza anthu kuti asafe pochotsa mazira ndi mphutsi, komanso kuziteteza kwa adani achilengedwe (ladybugs).
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: njira ndi njira zopewera nsabwe za m'masamba
Mitundu yonse ya ma aphid pazomera zosiyanasiyana imawonongeka ndi njira ndi njira zofananira. Palinso kusiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe amakonda pazikhalidwe zina.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, njira zachikhalidwe ndi zida, zida zanyumba ndi mankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Njira ndi njira za anthu
Kuchotsa mawaya ndi majeremusi ndimtsinje wamadzi kapena manja ndikulimbikitsidwa pakatha masiku angapo. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa masamba omwe akhudzidwa. Adani achilengedwe ndi oweta (ma ladybugs, earwigs, gourds, lacewings). Wowonongerani ziweto zapafupi nazo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu pakati pa madongosolo a nkhalango ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Kuzungulira mabedi adabzala mbewu zomwe zimalepheretsa: anyezi, adyo, kaloti, katsabola, Dalmatia chamomile.
Pazipangizo zamalonda, pali zida zambiri zabwino zomwe mbewu zimagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi tiziromboti.
Mutu | Njira yophika | Zolemba ntchito |
| Njira yothetsera sopo wophera tizirombo kapena madzi owotcha | Supuni imayikidwa mu lita imodzi yamadzi. | Pofuna kuti zisawononge mbewu, dothi pochiza matenda a alkaline liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi polyethylene kapena zojambulazo. Mchitidwewu umachitika tsiku lamitambo kapena madzulo. |
| Kulowetsedwa wa masamba a phwetekere | Makapu awiri a masamba osemedwa amalowedwa m'magalasi awiri amadzi ndikumalimbikira tsiku. | Asanapule, tulo totsalazo timasefedwa kudzera cheesecloth ndi theka la lita imodzi ya madzi timawonjezeredwa. |
| Garlic kulowetsedwa | Ma-cloves a 3-4 a chomera ndi nthaka, supuni ziwiri za mafuta a masamba amawonjezedwa ndipo osakaniza amakakamizidwa tsiku limodzi. Mukamaliza kusefa, onjezani theka la lita imodzi ndi supuni ya mafuta othandiza kusamba. | Asanaze kupopera, supuni ziwiri zoyambirira zimatsitsidwa mu kapu yamadzi. |
| Kulowetsedwa kwa shag | 500 g ufa umathiridwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndikuwiritsa kwa mphindi 30. | Musanagwiritse ntchito, chosangalatsa chimasungunuka chimasungunuka mumtsuko wamadzi. |
| Phukusi lochokera phulusa | Magalasi awiri a phulusa la ufa ndi 50 g ya sopo yochapira amatsanuliridwa mumtsuko wa madzi otentha. Kuumirira maola 12. | Asanapake, chinthucho chimasefedwa. |
| Apple Cider Vinegar Solution | Supuni 1 ya asidi imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre. | Njira yothetsera vutoli yakonzeka kutsuka masamba. |
| Njira yophika soda | 75 g wa ufa amasunthidwa mumtsuko wamadzi. | Chochita ndi chokonzeka kupopera. |
| Amoni yankho | Supuni ziwiri za ammonia ndi supuni 1 ya sopo yamadzi imawonjezeredwa mumtsuko wamadzi. | |
| Mpiru yankho | 30 g wa ufa amasimbikitsidwa mu 10 l a madzi. | |
| Infusions wa chowawa, yarrow ndi celandine | Udzuwo umawaviika m'chiyerekezo cha 1: 2 ndipo makonzedwe amakonzedwa. | Lita imodzi yokhazikika imasungunuka musanapopera madzi mumtsuko, pomwe 40 g ya sopo yochapira imawonjezeredwa. |
| Bleach yankho | Supuni ziwiri za mandimu zimayikidwa mu ndowa. | Gwiritsani ntchito musanabzale. |
Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe
Ndemanga zabwino zidalandiridwa ndi Fitoverm (Aktofit), Spark BIO, Bitoxibacillin. Maziko ake ndi microflora (ma virus kapena mabakiteriya) omwe amasankha kufalitsa tizilombo.
Fitoverm wodziwika kwambiri. Imawonekera patatha maola 48. Zotsatira zazikulu zimawonedwa patsiku la 5. Kutalika kwa ntchito yoteteza ndi sabata. Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa mpweya pamwamba pa +20 ° C.
Kupopera mankhwalawa mobwerezabwereza kumalimbikitsidwa masiku 7 aliwonse.
Mankhwala
Amadziwika ndi zochita zapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kwa anthu, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa kutsatira malangizowo. Zida zojambulazo ndiziphatikiza: Kalash, Biotlin, Karbofos, Aktara, Tanrekom.
Imodzi mwa Actara omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Tizilombo timayamba kufa pambuyo maola 6. Nthawi ya chitetezo imakhazikitsidwa nthawi yayitali ndipo imatha kukhala milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Wothandizirayo ndiwothandiza pa kutentha kulikonse. Kuteteza njuchi zizigwiritsidwa ntchito madzulo kapena kwamvula.
Nsabwe za mbande za phwetekere: momwe angamenyere ndi momwe ungakonzekere
Tomato si woyamba pamndandanda wa nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri. Matenda awo amachokera pazomera zowonongeka pafupi.
Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuwonongeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mawonekedwe a masamba a curly ophatikizidwa pa tomato.
Chifukwa chachikondi masamba m'matomayi, mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuchotsa mawotchi, mtsinje wamadzi umakhala wofooka kapena wopopera, akagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndimalo osinthira mano. Bwerezani kangapo mpaka nsabwe za m'masamba zitataika kwathunthu. Masamba owonongedwa amawonongeka, makamaka akakula m'munsi mwa tsinde. Ikani zithandizo za anthu omwe tafotokozazi.
Mwa othandizira, Fitoverm adapeza ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Chimakhala pansi mpaka maola 30, pamtambo wobiriwira wa tomato - mpaka masiku atatu. Spray akulimbikitsidwa pambuyo masiku 7 kanayi. Kukonzekera yankho, 8 ml ya Fitoverm imasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Yesani kupopera m'munsi masamba, pomwe masamba amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa fruiting, tomato atatha kukonza amatha kudwala pambuyo masiku 7, zomwe sizinganenedwe zamankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mbande za phwetekere.
Ma nsabwe pa mbande za tsabola
Nthawi zambiri, mbande za tsabola zimamera pawindo limodzi ndi mbewu zina. Pakumapezeka nsabwe za m'masamba, zinthu zomwe zimafotokozedwa kale zochokera kuchapa zovala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati pakufunika mankhwala azitsamba tsabola, mbewu zimatengedwa m'chipindacho.
Nsabwe za m'masamba a nkhaka
Kugonjetsedwa kwa nkhaka kumawonetsedwa ndi kufupikitsa kwa ma internode, kusowa bwino kwa zakudya ndi kusinthika kwa masamba ndi zipatso, blancing of antennae. Kunja kwa gawo lobiriwira la mbewuyo, tiziromboti timawoneka.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, masamba owonongeka ndi mphukira amadulidwa ndikuwonongeka. Pochizira mbewu, wowerengeka azitsamba, kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nsabwe za mbande za mbande
Ngati ma biringanya amakula pamalo otseguka, amakopeka ndi adani awo achilengedwe - ma ladybugs ndi mbalame (mpheta, zipatso) kuti alimbane ndi tizilombo. Ngati nsabwe za m'mbewu zimapezeka mu wowonjezera kutentha, mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa ndikuwonongeka.
Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito yankho lofunda potengera tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizi sopo. Muzochuluka kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndizotheka.
Aphid pa currants ndi zina zitsamba zina
Chapakatikati, ndikofunikira kuthira zitsamba za currant ndi madzi otentha. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mbewu zimadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Chida chothandiza ndi yankho la phulusa sopo. Supuni ziwiri za sopo wamadzi ndi 0,5 l za phulusa la nkhuni zimasungunuka m'madzi 5 a madzi. Nthambi za nthambi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zimize mu msuzi wokonzedwa.
Mankhwala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri chifukwa chowopsa chawo kwa anthu pamene njira zina zolamulira sizigwira ntchito.
Aphid pamasamba apulosi, yamatcheri ndi mitengo ina yazipatso
Nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezeka pamasamba a mtengo wa maapozi. Mphukira zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri. Tizilombo, timene timadya timadziti, timabisalira mankhwala chifukwa masamba amaterera, kuteteza tiziromboti. Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza, muyenera kuyesetsa kulowa mkati mwa masamba okuta. Ndikwabwino kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba isanayambike nyengo yamaluwa, kuti zisawononge tizilombo toyambitsa mungu (njuchi ndi ma bumblebe).
Amagwiritsa ntchito lamba wokasaka yemwe amavala pamtengo kuti ateteze nsabwezozo kuti zisalowe. Itha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira kapena kudzipangira pawokha. Maziko ndi mzere wa mphira ndi ma gelisi kuchokera kwa nyerere (Adamant, Taracid, Proshka Brownie). Rubber ikhoza m'malo mwa burlap ndi kukulunga pulasitiki, ndi gel ndi mafuta olimba.
Pakawonongeka tizirombo, mungayesere kuchotsa mtengowo ndi mtsinje wamadzi, kutsina nsonga zophukira ndikuchotsa (kutentha).
Wamaluwa ndi wokondwa kugwiritsa ntchito fumbi la fodya ndi yankho lochokera ku ammonia. Kuti mukonzekere, sakanizani 100 ml ya 10% ammonia yankho, supuni ya sopo yochapidwa (Palmitic acid) ndi 10 l yamadzi. Mitengo ya zipatso (yamatcheri, ma plums) imathandizidwa motere ndi masiku 7 patadutsa nthawi yopanga zipatso.
Popanda ammonia, amagwiritsa ntchito yankho la sopo la sopo kapena sopo, komanso ma infusions a zitsamba zotsekemera komanso mafuta onunkhira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa nsabwe za mbewu zamasamba (tomato, kabichi kapena beets), monga yarrow, chowawa ndi St.
Zinthu zachilengedwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zothandiza kwambiri, zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Zoteteza ku mankhwala opangira mitengo ya zipatso
Zochizira mitengo yazipatso, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhala ndi matumbo oyanjana ndi matumbo, zomwe, zikulowera pamtengowo, zimakhazikika pamera pake. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizirana, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mibadwo yatsopano ya tizilombo, yomwe imawonekera pafupifupi masabata atatu, itha kuzolowera. Zida zamalonda zimaphatikizapo mankhwala atizilombo:
- zokhudza matumbo kukhudzana: Aktara, Biotlin, Tanrek, Confidor Extra, Voliam Flexi, Angio Forte;
- kulumikizana kopanda dongosolo: Aliot, Neofral, Kinmiks, Decis Profi.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo tambiri nthawi yozizira, kuphatikiza 30 Plus ndi Profilactin kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, maziko ake ndi mafuta a parafini ndi mankhwala a organophosphorous. Chithandizo choyambirira chimachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana timakonda mitengo yosiyanasiyana yazipatso, mwachitsanzo, apulo ndi peyala zimasokonezedwa ndi ndulu zofiira zaapid, ma cherries - aphid, komabe njira njira zowongolera majeremusi ndizofanana.
Nsabwe za maluwa
Zochizira maluwa, maluwa omwewo amalimbikitsidwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza masamba azamasamba. Ku kulowetsedwa kwa maola 4 a mizu ya dandelion mumadzi osamba kumathandizanso, pokonzekera yomwe 400 g ya muzu wa chomera ndi 1 l yamadzi imasakanikirana. Asanapule chomera, mpweya wake womwe umayambitsidwa umasefedwa ndipo bukulo limasinthidwa kukhala 10 l (1 ndowa).
Pokhudzana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba mu maluwa, shampu wa anti-flea imagwira ntchito. Njira yothetsera izi imakonzedwa ndikumasokoneza supuni ziwiri za malonda mu 10 l a madzi.
Magetsi ma Chemicals ndi Spark akhazikitsidwa bwino, amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatira njira zofunikira zachitetezo.
