Marigolds: Kukula ndi chisamaliro

Marigolds ndi mtundu wa banja la aster. Pali mbewu zonse zapachaka komanso zamuyaya. Dziko lakwawo ndi America kuchokera ku Arizona ndi New Mexico kupita ku Argentina. Dzinalo Lachilatini (tagetes) lidalandiridwa polemekeza mulungu wa Etruscans, yemwe adachokera padziko lapansi. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi mayina osiyanasiyana: ku Germany, carnation achi Turkey, ku China maluwa kwa zaka masauzande, ku golide wa ku England a Mary, ku Ukraine Chernobrivtsi ndi chizindikiro cha dziko.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a marigolds

Ma Marigolds amakhala ndi zitsamba zowongoka komanso mphukira zotsikira. Ngakhale nthambi yolimba, chitsamba ndichopangika, kutalika kwake ndi 20-120 cm.Mizu yake imamera mumtundu wamtambo.

Masamba ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, zimatengera mitundu: yosiyanitsidwa ndi mitengo ya zipatso, yosiyidwa komanso yathunthu. Zimapezeka moyang'anizana kapena motsatana.

Kupanga mithunzi yonse yobiriwira, yonse yoyera komanso yamdima. Cholengedwa chamtundu wokhala ndi kumapeto kozungulira, kokumbukira nthenga. Mphepete mwa mbale ya masamba ndi mano ang'ono. Mitundu ya Openwork.

Ma inflorescence omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa mphukira amafanana ndi dengu lalitali. Pali zosavuta, ziwiri-kawiri ndi terry. Ndi kapu ya masamba ofupika pamiyendo yayitali. Pakati pali maluwa a tubular okhala ndi corollas akuda. Pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwake muli mabango abodza. Fungo lake ndi lachindunji. Mitundu ndi yosiyanasiyana: ya bulauni, yofiira, lalanje, yachikaso ndi yokongola, komanso yoyera komanso yamtambo, yomwe imapezeka m'mitundu yosankhidwa ndi kusankha. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo kuyambira Juni mpaka chisanu.

Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lakuda kapena lakuda. Mbewuyo ndi yayitali, yakuda ndi yoyera, nthawi yam'mera ndi zaka 3-4.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya marigold

Pafupifupi mitundu 60 ya marigold imadziwika, imagawidwa m'magulu molingana ndi kukula kwa chitsamba ndi kapangidwe ka mitu yamaluwa. Zodziwika bwino ndi mitundu itatu. Izi ndi mbewu za pachaka, pamaziko omwe mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa yomwe imaberekedwa.

Wakanidwa, French

Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, nthawi zambiri wopezeka m'makampani opanga maluwa. Kukula kwa tchire kuli pafupifupi - 50 cm kutalika. Tsamba lobowola lomwe limakhala ndi malekezero. Mabasiketi ndi osavuta komanso a terry, zimatengera osiyanasiyana, apakatikati: 4 cm. Kukula kwa utoto: lalanje ndi mithunzi yake. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera kapena chokongoletsera khonde kapena chipika.

Wopyapyala, woyipa

Maonekedwe osanyinyirika kwambiri pochoka. Zangwiro ngakhale pamtunda woyipa ndi malo osungika. Tchire tating'ono tokhala ngati 20-50 masentimita, otambalala mawonekedwe, okhala ndi mphukira zowongoka komanso masamba yaying'ono. Mtundu wa inflorescence ndi wosavuta, utoto wamba ndi wachikaso ndi lalanje. Iwo akutulutsa kwambiri, mpaka masamba ambiri amatha kuphuka.

Kulondola, Mwaafrika

Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, kutalika 30-110 cm, inflorescence yayikulu: mainchesi 13-15 cm. Masamba amatsegulidwa mochedwa, koyambirira kwa Julayi. Yoyenera kudula.

Mitundu ina

Mitundu ina ingapo.

Zowoneka bwino kapena zowonekera

Chomera chachikale chomwe chimakhala ndi mapiko owongoka, 40-80 masentimita. Maonekedwe a maluwa ndi osavuta, ndipo tsamba laling'ono ndi laling'ono, amasonkhanitsidwa, amauma m'malo mwa tarragon.

Za Nelson

Tchire lalitali 90-120 cm, wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Ali ndi kununkhira kwa malalanje ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ngati zokometsera za nsomba ndi zina pakuphika.

Lemoni

Dzina lina ndi ndimu ya marigold. Amakhala amtundu wamtundu wa zimphona, kutalika kwake kumafika 110-120 cm, amakhalanso ndi tsamba lalikulu lamasamba mpaka masentimita 15. Fungo lamaluwa lofanana ndi fungo la tangerines limakopa agulugufe ambiri.

Licorice

Mtengowu umapezeka kwambiri kutchire komanso minda yolima ngati udzu. Imalekerera nyengo yamvumbi, yovutikira nthaka. Kutalika ndi 8-50 cm.

Zochepa

Ndi chitsamba chachikulu kuyambira 50-180 masentimita, ena amafika masentimita 200. Dzinali linaperekedwa polemekeza maluwa ang'onoang'ono 1.5-2.5 cm. Masamba ali obiriwira amtali, ali ndi fungo lamphamvu.

Kukula Marigold kuchokera ku Mbewu

Marigolds ndi chomera chosalemera komanso chomera msanga. Kuswana kwa tagete kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi njere.

Njira yoyamba ndiyokubzala poyera malo otentha: izi zitha kuchitika kale mu Epulo.

Ngati masika adayamba kuzizira ndipo pali vuto la chisanu, ndibwino kuchedwetsa kubzala mpaka Meyi.

Dziko lapansi liziwotha mokwanira panthawiyi, ndipo matenthedwe sadzagwa pansi +5 ° C. Muyenera kubzala m'mabowo mtunda wa osachepera 1.5 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake ndikufika pakukula kwa 3. cm. Tambirani pamwamba pamtunda, kutalika kwake kumakhala osachepera 1 cm. Zomera zazikulu zimakondwera ndi maluwa mkati mwa Julayi.

Kukonzekera nthangala za marigold kuti mubzale

Njira ina, yoyenera malo ozizira, kuti mukule mbande. Izi zimachitika bwino kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ma marigolds ang'onoang'ono ayamba kuphuka kale. Woyamba kubzala wowongoka mkatikati mwa February ndi March, ndipo pambuyo pang'onopang'ono-woyenda ndi kudumphika kumayambiriro kwa Epulo.

Pakubzala koyamba, muyenera kugula mbewu. Akatha kutolera pazomera zazikulu, kudikirira kuti mabokosiwo aume. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yambiri yolimidwa ndi yophatikiza ndipo mbewu zina zongokulidwa kumene zimatha kulandira gawo lokhalo kuchokera kwa makolo awo.

Kuti kumera bwino, kuwira ndi koyenera. Zinthu zodzala zimayikidwa pa sosi kapena pa nsalu ndikunyowa. Kenako, kuphimba ndi plexiglass kapena filimu ndikuyika malo otentha kwa masiku 3-4.

Werengani zambiri za kukulira mbande mu gawo lotsatira.

Kukula Mbande za Marigold

Ndikofunikira kufesa m'miphika ndi dothi lokonzeka lotayirira. Kapangidwe kake: humus, turf, peat ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 1: 0.5. Dziko lapansi liyeneranso kukonzedwa - mankhwala opha tizilombo ndi manganese, njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kukhala yamdima yamdima. Mutha kuthira madzi otentha ndikulola gawo lapansi kuti lizizirala. Pansi pa thankiyo payenera kukhala dongo lokakulitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi masentimita 3. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza aliyense wogwira ntchito ndikothandiza, manyowa okha ndi omwe akuphatikizidwa.

Ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa mitengo motalikirana ndi 1.5-2 masentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake ndikugawa nthangala zake. Kuwaza ndi dothi laling'ono ndikuthira mosamala. Kutenthetsa kwa kutulutsa mbande kukhale mkati mwa + 22 ... +25 ° C. Nthawi zina muyenera kuwunika kuti dothi silimawuma, komabe, konyowa kwambiri sikuyenera kukhala kokwanira. Pambuyo masiku 7, mutaphukira woyamba muyenera kukonzanso m'malo abwino. Ma thermometer sayenera kupitirira + 15 ... +18 ° C. Pakatha masiku 14, zinthu zachilengedwe zimabwezedwanso panthaka.

Pang'onopang'ono, ndikofunikira kuzolowera mphukira kuti zitheke ndikuzungulira mpweya, ndikuchotsa chivundikiro kapena polyethylene kwakanthawi. Njirayi imapewanso matenda monga mwendo wakuda. Mbewu zonse zikaswa, phukusi limachotsedwa.

Mbeu zikangokulira pang'ono, zimatha kutengedwera kunja kwa maola angapo. Kuyambira mbande izi zimayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.

Ngati tumphukira tating'ono tili ndi mphamvu zambiri, ndikofunikira kusankha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera mphika wina pasadakhale ndi dothi lomwelo. Pangani zozama mkati mwake ndi kusamala, ndikutenga nyambo yaying'ono, samutsani zikumera kumalo atsopano. Ndikwabwino kuchita opaleshoni nthaka ikanyowa, izi sizithandiza kuwononga mizu.

Marigolds amathanso kumva bwino m'makatoni ndi mumakontena. Afunikira malo pang'ono kuti akule. Ngati mumabzala tchire m'dzinja, mutha kuwona maluwa.

Kubzala mbande panthaka

Chomera chimakonda nthaka yothiridwa feteleza: pH 6.0-7.0. Pakakhuta, kompositi imawonjezeredwa kumalo osankhidwa, izi zithandiza kulemeretsa mizu ndi mpweya. Ngati dothi ndilopendekera, ndikofunikira kudyetsa ana ang'onoang'ono, nthawi yomwe akukula, osachepera 2-3.

Kuti mudziwe kukonzekera kwa mbande yosamukira kumalo osavuta ndikosavuta: masamba osachepera 3-4 ayenera kukula ndipo mizu yamphamvu ipangidwe. Mawu akuti transshipment m'malo otseguka ndi kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena kuyamba kwa Juni.

Malo omwe ma marigolds ali povalira maluwa amatengera mitundu ndi mitundu. Zimbudzi zimatha kukula mpaka 20 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake, zazifupi 30 cm, ndi zazikulu osachepera 40. Mukabzala, tsinde liyenera kuzamitsidwa ndi 1-2 cm.

Care Marigold Care

Kusamalira mbewu si ntchito yayikulu. Amakula bwino m'mabedi amdzu, owala kapena owuma pang'ono. Izi zikuwoneka bwino mu kukula kwa duwa. Kutentha koyenera kwa chitukuko choyenera ndi + 20 ... +23 ° C. Pa mitengo yotsika ndi +10 ° C, kukula kwa mbewu kumatha kuchepera kapena kuima, ndipo utoto wake wobiriwira umasinthika. Ndikofunikira kuteteza tchire ku mphepo yozizira, sakonda kukonzekera.

Kuchulukitsa komanso pafupipafupi ndikofunikira pakuchitapo kanthu kwa kukula kwa mbande zazing'ono. Kenako, chinyezi cha dothi chimachepetsedwa kuti chisavunde kuwononga mizu ndikuwonongeka kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chifukwa chanyontho kwambiri, tchire limatha kusiya kutulutsa. Ndikwabwino kuthira madzi kuchokera kumwamba, koma pansi pa muzu wa mbewu, izi zimateteza ku maonekedwe a tizirombo.

Chifukwa cha chiyambi chawo, marigolds amatha kuzolowera chilala. Koma ndikathirira kwambiri, maluwa amayenda pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kukula kwa masamba kumakhala kocheperako.

Zomera zimazindikira kuvala kovomerezeka, chilichonse chovuta chomwe chinagulidwa m'sitolo yapadera chimachita. Iyenera kulowetsedwa m'magawo atatu:

• Mbeu zazing'ono zinafika msentimita 10-12.
• Mapangidwe oyambira masamba.
• Chiyambi cha maluwa.

Komabe, feteleza amafunika kuti asaberekenso kamodzi masiku 30, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mchere m'nthaka, mbewuyo imachulukitsa ndipo imaphukira posachedwa.

Dziko lapansi lozungulira maluwa liyenera kumasulidwa, udzu ndi kuchotsa udzu. Kupanga tchire loyera m'chilimwe, mutha kuchita kudulira. Kuti ipangitse mapangidwe ake, masamba ophuka ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Ndi isanayambike chisanu, mmera wamaluwa wamaluwa umawuma ndi kuwuma. Pambuyo pake, imatha kuchotsedwa.

Marigolds, chifukwa chosadzikuza komanso mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe. Njira yabwino yothetsera tchire izikhala yogawa m'mabedi a maluwa kutalika, otsika kwambiri kutsogolo, komanso akulu kwambiri pakatikati. Muthanso kusankha mitundu ndi mitundu, mwachitsanzo, pangani mawonekedwe achikasu kapena lalanje.

Njira ina ndikuphatikizidwa kwa mithunzi ingapo m'bokosi limodzi kapena miphika. Ma marigold olimba komanso okongola amawoneka bwino.

Amamva bwino limodzi ndi tchire lalikulu, masamba a herbaceous komanso maluwa onse ozungulira.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kuyambira nthawi yobzala velvet ndikuwoneka maluwa oyamba, miyezi iwiri yapita. Ngati palibe masamba pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, ndizotheka kuti chisamalirocho chinachitika molakwika, mbewuyo idagwidwa ndi tizirombo kapena amangodwala. Kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa malaise komanso kuti mupeze yankho zingathandize pagome:

Marigolds sioyenera kubzala pamabedi a maluwa kapena muli, amawoneka abwino kutsogolo m'mundamo. Fungo labwino la maluwa limachotsa tizirombo m'masamba, kuthandiza kusunga mbewu. Tetezani ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus, monga fusarium.

Kuchokera kwa iwo amapanga infusions zomwe zimateteza ku nsabwe za m'masamba. Kuti muchite izi, pwanya gawo lililonse la mbewuzo, dzazani chidebe cha malita 5 ndikuthira ndi madzi otentha. Khazikani m'malo amdima kwa masiku awiri. Kenako onjezani 30-40 g amadzimadzi kapena sopo wa bar ndikuwaza mitengo yazipatso, nkhaka kapena kabichi.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: kuchiritsa kwa marigold

Marigolds sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera cha munda, komanso monga chakudya chowonjezera. Ku Mexico - malo obadwira maluwa, kwakhala sikukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera za nyama, komanso ngati chinthu chomwe chingathandize m'mimba kuthira zakudya zama protein. Kulowetsedwa kwamadzi kumakhudzanso ntchito ya kapamba, kuletsa mapangidwe a matenda monga kapamba kapena matenda ashuga.

Chomera chili ndi mafuta ofunikira, omwe ali ndi zinthu zazing'ono zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, mavitamini. Ma Marigold hood amatha kugula kapena kupanga analog kunyumba. Pogaya maluwa ndikuwonjezera mafuta, makamaka maolivi potengera chiyezo cha 1:10. Khazikikani kwa maola asanu ndi atatu, kenako musambe pamadzi osamba kwa mphindi 30 ndikutsanulira mumbale zagalasi za opaque. Lowetsani ngati mwayaka ndi matenda amkhungu.

Polimbana ndi majeremusi amkati, maluwa atsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito, 2 ma PC. mutatha kudya kwa ana ndi 5 kwa akulu. Ndipo kulowetsedwa: 1 tbsp. l inflorescence wosankhidwa kutsanulira 300 ml ya madzi otentha, imani kwa mphindi 30. Kupitilira apo, phwando limachitika molingana ndi chiwembu 2 cha Art. l katatu patsiku.

Zochizira kuphatikizika: tengani 20-30 inflorescence pa lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Kufikira malita 2-2,5 amadzimadzi omwe angayambitsidwe amathiridwa patsiku. Chithandizo chikuchitika kuchokera kwa theka ndi miyezi itatu.

Kupewa kutayika kwamaso mu akatswiri apakompyuta, oyendetsa: kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa atsopano kapena kuwonjezera pa saladi.

Pankhani ya zovuta kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi: wiritsani kwa mphindi 3 5 inflorescences mwatsopano mu lita imodzi ya madzi. Ndiye kumwa musanadye 1 tbsp. kawiri pa tsiku, maphunziro a 2 pamwezi, ndikupuma pakati pa sabata.

Pazifukwa zodzikongoletsera, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta omwe amateteza khungu losalala la milomo nyengo yozizira komanso yamkuntho. Chinsinsi: mafuta a azitona 3 tbsp. l., mlozi (apurikoti) 12 gr, 2 tbsp. l maluwa osakaniza amasakaniza masiku 14.

Pali zotsutsana zochepa pakugwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera: thupi lanu siligwirizana, tsankho lanu komanso kubereka.

Marigolds ndi maluwa osangalatsa a m'munda. Mtundu wowala, mitundu yosiyanasiyana idapangitsa kuti chomerachi chisamangokhala zokongoletsera zamabedi a maluwa, makonde ndi zenera, komanso othandizira osafunikira ndi tizirombo m'mundamo. Kugwiritsa ntchito infusions ndi decoctions a inflorescence, kumathandizanso kukonza thanzi komanso kuchiritsa matenda.