Celosia ndi chomera chochokera ku banja la Amaranth. Ma Bud nthawi zambiri amafanizira ndi moto, chifukwa chake dzinali limachokera. Latin Celosia amatanthauza kuyaka. Mwachilengedwe, maluwa amenewa amapezeka ku America ndi ku Africa. Pali magulu, zopangidwa pachaka komanso zosatha. Komabe, mkatikati mwa Middle East, mtundu uliwonse umalimidwa monga mbewu za pachaka, chifukwa cha nyengo yoyipa yoyipa.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a celosia
Mwachilengedwe, imakula mpaka 50 cm, yoyesedwa musapitirire masentimita 25. Duwa la Florid, lofanana ndi lokwera velvet, lili pamtengo wabwino. Mithunzi yowala imakhala yowala, kuchokera ku pinki, chikasu, mpaka toni za burgundy.
Maluwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala, kusanachitike kuzizira. Tsinde lonse limakhala ndi masamba owonda ngati singano mumitundu ina ndipo limasungidwa mwa ena. Masamba amapezekanso osiyanasiyana - ozungulira, atali.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya celosia
Pazonse, pali mitundu 60 ya mitundu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazikhalidwe amagawidwa m'magulu atatu a maluwa:
- chisa;
- mantha;
- spikelet.
Mitundu ya siliva yotchuka kwambiri pachaka.
Kuphatikiza
Kutalika kwake ndi kochepa, masentimita 45. Koma ichi sindicho chizindikiro chotsika kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina.
Ma inflorescence omwe amapangidwa ndiwofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a tambala wa tambala, onse mawonekedwe ndi mtundu. Maluwa amapezeka pakati pa chilimwe, amatha kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
| Gulu | Kufotokozera |
| Kondweretsani | Shrub ya kutalika kochepa, masentimita 25. Masamba amdima, ofiira. Ma inflorescence pawokha amayamba kuzimiririka, ofiira. |
| Atropurpurea | Zomera sizoposa masentimita 20. Mphukira ndi pinki. Maluwa pawokha ndi ofiirira. |
| Imperialis | Tsinde, maluwa, masamba ofiirira. |
| Koktsinea | Masamba osalala ndi obiriwira, maluwa ndi ofiira owala. |
Kirrus (wamantha)
Mphukira ndi zowongoka, m'malo mwake inflorescence zazikulu zimakhala pamutu pawo, mtundu wawo umakhala ndi mithunzi yambiri. Kuyambira pa red to yellow. Masamba ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo mitundu monga:
| Gulu | Kufotokozera |
| Mpando wagolide | Chitsamba chochepa, masamba a golide. |
| Thomsony Magnifica | Kutalika kwa masentimita 80, kumatha kufika masentimita 80. Mtundu wa masamba ndi burgundy, masamba ndi obiriwira. |
| Nyali | Tchire lalitali, inflorescence a mtundu ofiira owala. |
| Watsopano uta | Kutalika kwapakatikati, kutalika kwa 40 masentimita, inflorescence imakhala ndi mtundu wa dzuwa. |
Spikelet (Hatton)
Zotchuka kwambiri kuposa zakale, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti sizokongola kwenikweni. Sitinganene kuti ndi gulu limodzi lalitali kwambiri kapena lalifupi, chifukwa kukula kwake kumasiyana 20 cm mpaka 1 m 20 cm.
Zimatengera nyengo, dothi, kuwonjezera kwa feteleza. Ma inflorescence nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu, koma ofiira, lalanje ndi oyera amapezekanso.
Kufalikira kwa celosia
Njira yodziwika bwino yofalitsira mbewu ndi mbewu. Amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku inflorescence zouma, njirayi sifunikira maluso apadera. Maluwa owuma amangogwedezeka pang'onopang'ono papepala, pamtunda, kenako mbewuzo zimatulutsa.
Asanabzike, ayenera kukonzedwa. Izi zimachitika ndikuyika njere mu yankho la Epin ndi Zircon. Zinthu zimawonjezeredwa ndi madzi muyezo wa dontho limodzi la chinthu ndi chikho cha madzi. Kubzala mbewu ndikwabwino mu Marichi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusunga mtunda wofunikira, kutengera mtundu wa mbewu. Sikoyenera kuwaza mbewu ndi nthaka, zimangofunika kukanikizidwa pang'ono m'nthaka, kenako kuthiridwa ndi madzi.
Kupitilira apo, mndandanda wazomwe ukuchita ndi wokhazikika, chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu, yoyikidwa m'malo ndi kuyatsa kwabwino. Pakawoneka mphukira woyamba, pobisalira chimachotsedwa, mbande zimasungidwa kumalo ozizira, pomwe sizinapezekenso.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira celosia
Kubala kumachitika pokhapokha nthawi yomwe mawonekedwe a zipatso atadutsa. Mukamasankha malo olimapo, ndibwino kuti muzikonda malo omwe amawalitsiratu dzuwa. Komanso, siziyenera kuwomberedwa ndi mphepo, chifukwa izi zimakhudza moipa inflorescence ya mbewu.
Nthaka siyenera kukhala acidic kwambiri, ngakhale zitakhala, imatha kuwongoleredwa mosavuta ndi laimu.
Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina, kubzala, kuwonjezera zina si ntchito yovuta, komabe muyenera kusamala ndi mizu, makamaka muzomera zazing'ono. Ngati mbande zinali m'matumba a peat kapena mapiritsi, muyenera kuwabzala pamalo otseguka nawo. Izi zimathetseratu kuthekera kwa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya mbewuyo, kuphatikiza apo, idzakhala ngati feteleza wa m'nthaka.
Kwa mitundu yotsika mtengo, kusiyana kwake kuyenera kupitilizidwa masentimita 15. Kwa mitundu yayitali, pafupifupi 30 cm.
Pankhani ya chisamaliro, cellosia ndi chosazindikira. Chokhacho chomwe chikufunika kuyang'aniridwa bwino ndikuti mu April mbewuyo siifa chifukwa cha kuzizira. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
Kutsirira kumalimbikitsidwa pokhapokha pansi pouma. Chomera sichimakonda dothi lonyowa nthawi zonse, kuphatikiza, izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda monga imvi zowola.
Kuvala kwapamwamba ndikofunikira posamalira, koma sikuyenera kuchitika nthawi yopitilira 1 pamwezi.
Kuzungulira mbewu, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse, namsongole ndikuchotsa.
Ngakhale mtengowo utakula pakhomo, umafunikiranso kuyatsa kwambiri; pankhani ya kuyika kwake, pawindo la pawindo lanyumba, kunyumba, ndi langwiro. Kamodzi masabata awiri aliwonse, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza feteleza wokhala ndi mchere.
Komabe, muyenera kupewa feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, izi ziwonongera mbewuyo.
Celosia pambuyo maluwa
Celosia ikafota, muyenera kukonzekera nthawi yozizira.
Kutolera mbewu
Njira yopezera mbewu mwina ndiyosavuta kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi mbewu zina. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha inflorescence zingapo zomwe zayamba kale kufa. Kenako amafunika kuyikiridwa mchombo, pachifuwa, pamalo amdima kwa tsiku, komwe amatsirizika. Pambuyo pochotsa mu beseni, ndipo pang'onopang'ono gwiritsani ntchito pamwamba kapena kuteteza. Mbewuzo zimayamba kumera zokha. Ziyenera kutsukidwa, kenako ndikuyika m'bokosi kuti zisungidwe zina. Ndikothekanso kupewetsa njirayi, chifukwa ndikofunikira kupachika inflorescence kuti ayang'ane pansi, ndipo pansi pawo kuyala pepala la nyuzipepala. Mukangomera, mbewuzo pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kutha, zidzangofunika kusonkhanitsa.
Celosia nthawi yachisanu
Chifukwa cha nyengo nyengoyi siyabwino kwambiri pamtengowu, mitundu yake yonse imakulitsidwa chaka chilichonse. Mukugwa, makope otsala nthawi zambiri amatayidwa, kuwonongeka. Koma sangathe kungotayidwa, mutha kupanga zokongola zouma za izo. Kuti muchite izi, mitundu yayitali yokha ndi yoyenera.
Zonena kuti zadulidwa, masamba onse amachotsedwa, kenako amabweretsedwa m'chipindacho. Pamenepo, inflorescence imatha kuzimiririka, kenako ikhoza kuyikidwa mu chidebe chopanda kanthu, chopanda madzi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta celosia
Mwachilengedwe, mbewu zomwe zimalimidwa zomwe malamulowo adaphwanyidwa, malingaliro osamalidwa amasankhidwa kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka ndizosavomerezeka kwambiri, chifukwa ndiomwe chimayambitsa kuvunda. Kuteteza maluwa osachepera 50%, ndikofunikira kuthira dothi ndi tizirombo tisanalore. Pa kukula ndikofunikira kuchita pafupipafupi kuwunika, pafupifupi katatu pa sabata.
| Vutoli | Kufotokozera | Kupewa | Njira zoyesera |
| Mwendo wakuda | Amatanthauzira matenda oyamba ndi fungus, amakhudza zimayambira ndi mbali za chitsamba pafupi ndi muzu. Amafotokozedwa ndikuda, kuyanika kwa tsinde. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizopatsirana kwambiri, ngati chomera chimodzi chikadwala, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, popeza chimafalikira mofulumira kwa athanzi. | Amalimbikitsa kuthirira pang'ono, kukhetsa nthaka ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kuthira mbewu ndi nthaka ndi yofooka yankho la manganese, kumasula dothi nthawi zonse, ndikuyeretsa namsongole. | Omwe akhudzidwa akuyenera kuchotsedwa pomwe zizindikirika kuti matendawa apezeka. Dothi liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Izi zimasunga kachilomboka, kulepheretsa kufalikira kwa ena, mphukira zopatsa thanzi. |
| Ma nsabwe | Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri timayendera limodzi ndi ma nyerere. Izi ndichifukwa cha fungo labwino la celosia, lomwe limakopa tizilombo tambiri. Imadziwoneka ngati mphutsi, yomwe imapezeka pa tsamba penapake mkati. | Ndikofunikira kuchotsa anthill onse apafupi ndi tsambalo, nthaka yomwe mbewuzo zimakhalapo ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho lapadera. Zomwezo zimafunikira kuchitika ndi tchire. Njira imeneyi ingagulidwe m'masitolo apadera am'munda. | Ngati mphutsi zikapezeka, ndikofunikira kuti muzitsuka ndikuchapa ndi sopo, kenako muthane ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. |
| Spider mite | Tizilombo koyipa kwambiri. Chimamatira pachakudya chokhala ndi michere, chimalepheretsa kukula komanso kuphuka. Imawonetsedwa ndi tsamba loyera, m'malo olimba mumtundu wa sinuses, komanso pafupi ndi duwa. Ngati inflorescence ndi yowala, simungathe kuzindikira. Poterepa, mawanga ang'ono achikaso amawoneka papepala. | Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musanyalanyaze kuthirira, ngakhale mutakonda chomera. Chitani munthawi yake, koma osakokomeza nthaka. Chinyezi cha mlengalenga chimathandizanso kwambiri, ndikotheka kusintha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mothandizidwa ndi mfuti yopopera, kumwaza tchire ndi madzi. | Ndikofunikira kutsuka madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi chomera ndi sopo yankho, chinkhupule ndichabwino pazolinga izi. Kenako mbewuyo imathiridwa mankhwala ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda. |
Ngati mumanyalanyaza kuthirira, kapena mosinthanitsa ndi izi, kuoneka kwa alendo osasangalatsa ngati nkhono, mbozi ndi aulesi ndizotheka.
Mr. wokhala mu chilimwe akuvomereza: kugwiritsa ntchito celosia
Cellosia imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala, ndi ochiritsa azikhalidwe ndi akatswiri. Amathandizidwa ndimatumbo am'mimba. Ntchito mankhwalawa komanso kupewa matenda amkamwa ndi pakhosi.
Mwa mankhwala, kukhalapo kwa anti-kutupa kwenikweni kumadziwikanso. Kuti tichite izi, mbewuzo zimakhazikika mu chopukutira cha khofi, kenako chimathiridwa ndi mafuta a masamba. Zotsatira zake ndi mafuta a coelosium, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufupika pakhungu, ma microcracks. Makamaka otchuka ndi akazi, imapatsa khungu losalala.
