Mpendadzuwa ndi wa banja la a Ladannikov, ndipo amadziwikanso ndi mayina Tender, heliantemum, maluwa amwala, kutuluka kwa dzuwa. Imafalitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira kumpoto kwa Africa kupita kumadera a Arctic ku Russia. Ma subspecies ena amalimidwa ndi olima ndipo ndi otchuka chifukwa cha kusachita kwawo mapangidwe ake ndi maluwa okongola.
Kufotokozera kwa mpendadzuwa
Dzinalo Lachilatini helianthemum ndi chifukwa limatsegulira masamba kutuluka kwa dzuwa, ndipo madzulo masamba a petulo amayamba kugwa. Ndi shrub yamuyaya kapena pachaka yokhala ndi phesi lowongoka kapena lokwawa lalitali masentimita 10 mpaka 30. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amapangidwa m'magulu awiriawiri moyang'anana.
Maluwa amatha kukhala osakwatiwa, ngakhale nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa mumabampu kapena panicles. Amakhala ndi miyala 5, ndipo pakatikati pali stamens yambiri yachikasu. Mtundu wawo nthawi zambiri umakhala wachikasu, koma ndi loyera, la pinki kapena lofiirira. Zipatso ndi mabokosi ambewu zopangidwa ndi chisa chimodzi kapena zitatu. 
Arctic
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya mpendadzuwa
Mitundu ya heliantemum ili ndi mitundu ingapo 70, pomwe ena okha ndi omwe adalimidwa ndi wamaluwa kuti azikongoletsa. Kunja, zimasiyana kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a masamba ndi masamba.
| Onani | Mawonekedwe | Masamba / Maluwa | Kutalika (masentimita) |
| Monolithic (Nummularium) | Kuchokera ku Mediterranean ndi kumwera kwa Europe. Zokwawa, kutalika kapena kutambasulidwa. | Wokhala wowongoka, wobiriwira, wamaso mkati. Wopangidwa ndi Cup, chikasu, mu hybrids of pink pink shades, amapanga ma curls mpaka 25 mm. | 30-40. |
| Alpine (oelandicum) | Imamera m'mapiri komanso kumapazi. Chophimba chapansi, Hardy yozizira. | Wocheperapo, wamtali, wofunda. Zosanja zisanu, chikaso chowala. | 10-15. |
| Chachikulu maluwa (Grandiflorum) | Amapezeka m'mapiri ku Crimea. Mphukira zokwawa. | Oval, wobiriwira wopepuka. Kukula kwakukulu, mpaka 40 mm m'mimba mwake, achikasu achikasu. | Mpaka 30. |
| Apennine (apenninum) | Shrub mbadwa ku Asia Minor ndi mapiri a ku Europe. Zoyala. | Wogwidwa, wokhala ndi m'mphepete asiliva. White-pinki yokhala ndi chikasu pakati, yotalika mpaka 20-30 mm, mu inflorescence ya ma 3-10 ma PC. | 20-25. |
| Tsitsi la imvi | Imakula m'malo amiyala ku Europe, kumpoto kwa Africa. | Velvety imvi yobiriwira. Ndimu zisanu. | 10-30. |
| Zotheka | Kukula pamwamba pa nthaka. | Lanceolate, pubescent kuyambira pansipa. Choyera-mbewa, 20 mm, chophatikizidwa ma curls. | Mpaka 25. |
| Arctic (arcticum) | Mtundu wokhala pangozi kuchokera kudera la Murmansk ku Russian Federation. Chimakula ndi chitsamba. | Malingaliro obiriwira, obiriwira kapena bulauni. Chikasu chowala, mpaka 25 mm kudutsa, mu inflorescence mwa zidutswa za 3-6. | 10-40. |
Heliantemum yopezeka podutsa mitundu yachilengedwe imatchedwa hybrid. Ili ndi mitundu yambiri yowongoka, yokwawa komanso mitundu ina. Masamba awo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu womwewo, ndipo masamba amasiyana kwambiri.
| Gulu | Maluwa |
| Mitundu yapinki | Pinki wopepuka ndi diso lalanje. |
| Chinjoka chamoto | Wofiyira owala bwino. |
| Chinjoka chofiira | Mtundu wofiira. |
| Mkwatibwi, mfumukazi ya chisanu | Beige ndi chikasu pakati. |
| Wachikulire, Mfumukazi Yagolide | Ndimu wachikasu wokhala ndi mtanda wamtundu. |
| Cherry Mfumukazi, Ruby | Yokhazikika wofiira ndi masamba athunthu. |
| Chimbalangondo | Choyera ngati chipale ndi chikasu. |
| Cherimu zonona | Kirimu, lalanje wowala pakati. |
| Kalipentala wamkuwa | Malalanje okhala ndi pamakhala. |
| Cheviot | Wofatsa apricot hue. |
Zoyambira ndi masamba a mitundu iyi ndizipakidwa utoto wobiriwira, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndipo m'mphepete mwa siliva.
Kukula mpendadzuwa kuchokera kwa mbewu
Heliantemum ndi msipu wa udzu wotseguka, womwe umatha kufalitsa mbewu, kudula komanso kugawa chitsamba. Kuti akhazikike pansi, mbewu zakhwima zimafunika kufesedwa kuti zibzalidwe.
Kubzala mbande
Ndikwabwino kubzala nkhuni zanthete m'masiku oyambirira a masika mu peat kusakaniza. Kuyika, kutola ndi kugawanitsa kufooketsa mizu ya achinyamata mphukira, koma miphika ya peat imathetsa vutoli. Gawo laling'ono mwa iwo limasungunuka kale ndipo mbewu ziwiri zitatu zimayikidwa pamwamba. Kenako amawazidwa ndi dothi loonda la mchenga wabwino ndikukulungidwa mu cellophane.
Tikamakula kuchokera pa mbewu, mbande zimapatsidwa kutentha osachepera + 18 ... +25 ° C ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kuwombera kumawonekera osapitilira sabata, kapena ngakhale mwezi umodzi. Izi zikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti muchotse kanemayo munthawi ndikuwotengera zotengera kuti zizizizira pa + 15 ... +16 ° C.
Zomera zomwe zimamera ndikucheperachepera, kudula zofooka kwambiri ndikusiya zamphamvu kwambiri mumphika uliwonse. Ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi ndimamwetsa ndikumasulidwa.
Kubzala kwa Heliantemum panthaka
Mbeu zobzalidwa m'nthaka theka lachiwiri la Meyi kapena masiku oyamba a June. Kuumitsa kwawo ndikofunikira kwa masabata 1.5-2. Kuti tichite izi, zimatengedwa kupita kumalo kopanda bata. Kutalika kwa nthawi kumakulira tsiku lililonse kuyambira maola angapo mpaka mbewu sizingakhale mumsewu kuzungulira koloko.
Kuti mubzale mwachindunji, muyenera kusankha malo osakanikirana ndi nthaka yosaloleka kapena yamchere yosakanikirana ndi mchenga kapena mwala wosweka. Malo okumbikirana ayenera kukhala kutali ndi 0,3 m kuchokera wina ndi mnzake, zomwe zimapereka tchire laulere. Miphika ya peat yokhala ndi mbande imayikidwamo, ndikukumba pang'ono ndikuthiramo pansi.
Kusamalira mpendadzuwa
Heliantemum ndi chosasangalatsa nthawi zonse. Imafunika kuthilira nthawi ndi nthawi, kuthira manyowa, udzu ndi kuyeretsa dothi laudzu, kudula masamba okhawo ndi kuphimba nyengo yachisanu.
Kuthirira
M'mikhalidwe yokhazikika, kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira njonda safunika kuthiriridwa, pakadali pano ali ndi mvula yokwanira. Kusintha kwa nthaka m'nthaka kungakhale kofunikira m'chilimwe chokha, nyengo yadzuwa.
Madzi a izi amasinthidwa kale ndikuwotcha dzuwa.
Feteleza
Nthaka pafupi ndi chomera chilichonse zimayenera kumetchera udzu, kuzunguliridwa ndi okosijeni ndikuchotsa namsongole. Heliantemum ilandila michere yonse kuchokera m'nthaka, koma monga nifunikira, zakudya zina zowonjezera zamadzimadzi zimawonjezeredwa. Izi zimachitika masamba asanawonekere. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zochulukirapo za feteleza, makamaka feteleza wa nayitrogeni, zidzatsogolera ku kukula kwakukulu kwa greenery komanso maluwa osowa.
Kudulira
Pofuna kuwongolera mawonekedwe osatha achifundo ayenera kuchepetsa. Nthawi zambiri, amathamangitsa masamba oyamba mu June-Julayi. Zimazimiririka pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, kenako gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa mphukira ndi maluwa osalala liyenera kudulidwa. Izi zimapereka chitsimikiziro ku tchire ndipo zimalola kutulutsa mtundu watsopano.
Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zaka zoposa 5 zimapangidwanso ndikugawa tchire zingapo.
Zisanu
Mwambiri, mpendadzuwa umakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa dzinja, koma mitundu ina simalola nyengo yozizira. Chitetezo sichidzafunika kwa oyimilira a Apennine ndi a monolithic ndi ena, makamaka ndi maluwa achikasu kapena malalanje. Pomwe mitundu ya alpine ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa, makamaka ndi utoto wofiirira ndi masamba asiliva, iyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa cha izi, masamba owuma, nthambi za spruce, udzu kapena agrofibre zimatha kutumikila.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Choopsa chachikulu kwa njonda ndi mavuto awa:
- Zowola chifukwa chinyezi zochulukirapo panthawi yamvula yambiri komanso chipale chofewa. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa pamalowa, pomwe zimathiridwa ndi yankho la fungicide monga Fundazole.
- Powdery mildew imadziwoneka yokha ngati mawonekedwe oyera oyera pamasamba omwe amawuma pakapita nthawi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi chinyezi chambiri, kudulira kosayenera, kudulira kwamasamba, kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. Amathetsedwa ndikukonzekera fungicidal.
- Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi kuponya zimayamwa madzi a m'masamba, kuzifooketsa ndikuyamba kufa. Zotsatira zakuchizira zimaperekedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Fitoverm, Trichopolum, Actofit.
A Chilimwe wokhala nawo amalangiza: kugwiritsa ntchito mpendadzuwa poonekera
Duwa lamiyala ndi chomera chomwe chimakutidwa ndi nthaka ndikutchinga maluwa. Papangidwe kamangidwe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa ovuta komanso ophatikizika ndi maluwa ambiri, minda yamiyala yochita kupanga. Imatha kukula ngakhale pamtunda wopanda miyala komanso pathanthwe, kukonza ndikongoletsa makhoma, malo otsetsereka, njira zaminda ndi malire.
Ndikwabwino kubzala mpendadzuwa mu mbale sopo, Veronica, dolphin, Iberis, armeria ndi zina zina zokwawa.
Kuphatikiza apo, apanga mawonekedwe abwino ndi mabelu, sedum ndi mbewu zambiri zam'munda. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatha kusankhidwa kuti maluwa ayambe nthawi imodzi kapena yosiyana, ndikupanga mawonekedwe ochokera kumaluwa.
