Zamiokulkas amyloidaceous - chomera chokongoletsera chobiriwira cha banja la Aroid, chobadwira kumapiri kumapiri a Central Africa. Mu chikhalidwe chachipinda, pali mtundu umodzi wokha - tsamba-laling'ono lamoculcas.
Kufotokozera
Duwa ili ndi nthambi zingapo za nthenga pamunsi wotsika, zomwe zimamera kuchokera ku tuber ndikuwonekera ndi masamba owala onyezimira. Mu tubers, duwa limasunga madzi osungira. Chitsamba chokha chimakhala chotsika, chisamaliro mosamala chimakula mpaka mita 1.
Duwa la Zamioculcas ndilosowa kwambiri komanso lachiwonetsero, chofiyira cha kirimu wowala chimabisika pakati pa masamba obiriwira.
Chachikulu chipinda mitundu
Chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri chidadziwika posachedwapa, kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi. Munthawi imeneyi, ankakonda kwambiri obereketsa mbewu kuti obereketsa atayamba kupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mbewu.
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Achichepere | Fomu loyamba lodziwika, lopangidwa ndi obereketsa achi Dutch, linachokera ku South Africa, komwe linapezeka pakati pa zaka za XIX. Kuphatikiza apo, mtunduwu umamera bwino pachilumba cha Madagascar. Kwa masamba ang'onoang'ono, owala, okonda maluwa adamupatsa dzina logwirizana - mtengo wa dola, wowerengeka - Ma Lodges. Mtengowo umakula pang'onopang'ono, ndikupanga chitsamba chobiriwira 1 m kutalika, kosavuta kusamalira, ndizoyenera kutchuka pokongoletsa zipinda zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo maofesi. |
| Lanceolate (Zamioculcas lanceolata) | Inapezeka ku Mozambique koyambilira kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Nthambi zake zazitali zimakhala zokutidwa ndi masamba odalika. Chitsamba chokha chimatambasuka mpaka kutalika kwa 1.5 m. |
| Boiavin (Boivinii Decne) | Komanso ochokera ku South Africa. Pamenepo amatchedwa "Ngale ya ku Zanzibar", komanso mdziko lathu - "Chimwemwe chachikazi." Masamba ake achikopa amakhala ndi m'maso osalala. Ngakhale tuber wamkulu, ndi hygroscopic kwambiri ndipo samalekerera chilala, amakonda mpweya wonyowa ndipo amafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. |
| Variegate kapena mosagated (Zamioculcas mosagate) | Koyambira ku Madagascar. Mitunduyo imakopa chidwi ndi masamba amtundu wosiyanasiyana wokhala ndi madontho oyera kapena a beige, omwe amapangidwa mwadongosolo lokhazikika. Chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake, kugulitsa ndikosowa kwambiri. |
| Chakuda (Zamioculcas Blak) | Chomera chaching'ono chimakhala ndi mtundu wamba, koma chimachita khungu ndi zaka, kuwunikira kowonjezereka sikukhudza mtundu wamasamba, amasintha ndikusintha dzina lawo. |
| Zamicro | Mawonedwe ang'onoang'ono omwe adayambitsidwa m'zaka khumi zapitazi zipinda zazing'ono. Duwa lotalikirapo limamera msanga, nthambi zake zimatalika masentimita 60, ndikukula mpaka 6-8 pachaka. Chomera chowumbika chitha kuyikidwa mu nyumba pawindo laling'ono. |
Zambiri podzala ndi kufalitsa Zamioculcas, nthaka ndi poto zofunika
Pambuyo povula, mizu yake imayenera kukula mu thanki 2-3 cm kuposa iyo. Ndibwino kwambiri ngati mphika utapangidwa ndi dongo, umalowetsamo mpweya. Mumphika wapulasitiki, chinyezi chimatha kusokonekera, kuti muzu ungawola ndipo mbewuyo idzafa.
Payenera kukhala mabowo pansi pa chidebe, ndiye kuti mabedi a maluwa a pulasitiki ndi galasi angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zamioculcas imakula bwino m'maluwa otsika ngati mizu ikafika pamakoma a chombo. Zomera zazingwe zimawoneka bwino kwambiri mumiphika yayitali mwanjira ya vase, ndi toyesa kwakukulu m'munsi komanso kwakukulu.
Mbeu yaying'ono yozika mizu imalowetsedwa mu chidebe chaching'ono ndikuyala chaka chilichonse ikamakula. Tchire lomwe limakula limasinthidwa kuchoka pamphika kupita ku limodzilimodzi kamodzi pazaka zisanu.
Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge mizu yosalimba. Nthawi yomweyo, dothi lakale silisintha. Chotsani chomera mosamala pachidebe ch zinyalala, mwatsopano - ikani ngalande, kenako ndikukhazikitsa maluwa. Nthaka yatsopano imathiridwa kuzungulira tuber kuti ikwere pamwamba pang'ono pansi.
Nthawi yopatsirana yabwino kwambiri imatengedwa kuti ndi masika kapena nthawi yophukira. Chomera chongobwera kumene chimasinthidwa mwezi umodzi atapezedwa.
Zinthu zofunikira polima
Pa kusamalira bwino maluwa kunyumba, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta.
| Magawo | Kasupe / Chilimwe | Kugwa / Zima |
| Malo / Kuwala | Khonde loyera bwino kapena dimba. | Zipinda zambiri komanso zowala. |
| Kutentha | + 21 ... +29 ° С | + 15 ... +18 ° С |
| Chinyezi / Kutsirira | Nthawi 1-2 m'masabata awiri. | Kamodzi pamwezi ndi madzi ofunda, okhathamira. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kawiri pamwezi ndi feteleza wa cacti kapena suppulents. | Kuvala kwapamwamba kupatula. |
Kudulira
Ndi chitsamba chopangidwa molakwika, chomera chimafuna kudulira, chomwe chimachitika mchaka. Kukula kumachotsedwa, pambuyo pake mphukira zomwe sizikukula zimachotsedwa. Pang'onopang'ono, mbewuyo imapatsidwa mawonekedwe ozungulira, momwemo nthambi zonse zimalandira kuwala kokwanira, dzuwa ndi chakudya, ndipo zidzakhala zazikulu komanso zopambana.
Kusindikizidwa kwa Zamioculcus
Njira zolerera:
- mbewu;
- kudula;
- kuzika kwa masamba;
- gawo la nthambi kapena tsinde;
- tuber magawo.
Mbewu
Kupeza mbewu ndizosatheka. Koma ngati muli ndi mwayi ndipo mukaperekedwa ndi nthangala zochokera ku Africa, ndiye kuti ulimiwo ndi motere:
- Mbewu zimayikidwa mu dothi lonyowa (dothi la cacti kapena supulents) pamtunda wa masentimita 2-3, ndikuwazidwa pansi.
- Filimu imakokedwa mchombocho, chomwe chimakweza mpweya wabwino kamodzi patsiku.
- Pakupita miyezi iwiri, amayang'anira chinyezi, kupewa kupukusa ndi kupukuta, ngati kuli kotheka, utsi.
Choyamba, tuber imapangidwa, komwe nyongayo imamera. Masamba awiri owona akaoneka, amabzala m'mbale zazing'ono.
Kudula
Njira yofalitsira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Gawo la tsamba limatengedwa ndi masamba awiri okhazikika bwino kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi chomwe chafika zaka 5-6. Kuyambira chomera chaching'ono kapena chongogula kumene sindimazika mizu:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa, dulani chidutswa cha nthambi.
- Pakupita maola awiri, lolani kuti gawo liume.
- 1/3 yaing'ono mphamvu pakakokeramo ngalande, kenako ndi dothi lakukula ma violets kapena ma suppulents. Amadziwikanso ndi kapu yamadzi pamtunda wofunda ndikuphatikizira miyala yosweka ya activate kaboni kapena potaziyamu permanganate.
- Popeza fumbi limadula zodula ndi muzu wowonjezera, imayikiridwa pansi ndikuya kuya kwa 2-3 mm, ndikusintha ndi dothi.
- Kuti mupeze mizu yabwino, zodulidwazo zimafunikira nthaka yotentha, kutentha kwa + 22 ... +25 ° C ndi chinyezi 70-75%.
- Mbande yokutidwa ndi kanema. Dothi likauma, limapakidwa pang'ono ndi yankho la chithandizacho.
- Kutsirira kumachulukitsa pambuyo pa masabata awiri, pomwe mizu yoyamba imayamba kukula.
- Pambuyo pa masabata 7-8 ndikuwoneka ngati timinofu, mbewuyi imapangidwanso m'malo owala ndikuyamba kusamalira ngati chomera chachikulire.
- Masamba atsopano adzawonekera m'miyezi 5-6.
Leaf
Njira yofalitsira masamba ndi yayitali kwambiri. Palibe zopitilira 3 zomwe zimatha kukula pachaka.
Mukakulitsa tsamba lomwe lasankhidwa, posachedwa chomera chatsopano chidzakula.
Pang'onopang'ono:
- Tsamba lomwe linasankhidwa limadulidwa ndi mpeni wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda patali pa 45 °. Tsiku lodulidwa limayamba lisanachitike.
- Gawo lachitatu la pepalali limaphatikizidwa ndi kaboni wophwanyika wokhazikika ndi muzu wothandizira.
- Mukazika mizu m'madzi, masamba amapereka maina opanda mphamvu. Amalimbikitsa kuwabzala mu peat ndi mchenga osakanikirana ndi 50:50, kukulira ndi 1/3 ya kutalika.
- Masamba ophimbidwa ndi filimu ali ndi kutentha kwa + 22 ... +25 ° C, kukonza mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Pakupita miyezi iwiri, mabowo ang'onoang'ono amapangidwe, ndipo masamba ayenera kuwuma.
- Tsamba lenileni loyamba lidzawonekera m'miyezi 5-6. Kenako muyenera kubzala chomera chaching'ono mumiphika yaying'ono ndi ngalande yabwino. Danga lamadzala yatsopano ndi masentimita 7-10.
Tubers
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusinthira kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Mwa njira iyi, ndi mbewu za akulu okha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zikukula ziwiri. Kupanda kutero, saika pachiswe chitsamba.
Malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe:
- The tuber ndi wowuma kwa masiku awiri.
- Denga lokwanira kutalika kwa 1/3 limayikidwa pansi pa chidebe ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 10-12, ndipo pamwamba pamakhala chosakanikirana chofanana ndi masamba, dothi labwino la sod, peat ndi mchenga ndi kuwonjezera 5% dongo komanso humus.
- Dulani ma tubers okhala ndi mfundo yakukula omwe amakwiriridwa pansi ndi 3-5 cm.
- Amasamalira chomera chachikulire, koma osadyetsa, koma kungopopera.
- Feteleza woyamba ndiotheka pokhapokha masabata 4-6.
- Masamba 2-3 okha amakula pachaka. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimabzalidwa pansi ndikukula ngati munthu wamkulu.
Mavuto omwe akukula, matenda, tizirombo
Zemiokulkas ndi chomera chosalemera, koma mavuto osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika nawo. Mosamala mosamala, mawonekedwe akewo akuipiraipira ndiye ayenera kuchitapo kanthu.
| Kuwonekera pamasamba, zizindikiro zina | Chifukwa | Chithandizo |
| Masamba amakula ocheperako, atembenuka chikasu, mawonekedwe owuma. | Kuwala koyipa. | Ikani mbewuyo pamalo abwino. |
| Kugwa kwa masamba akumtunda. | Kupanda kuthirira kapena kuchuluka kwake. | Sinthani kuthirira. |
| Kuderera ndi tubers. | Kutentha kochepa komanso chinyezi kwambiri, zowola zimayamba. | Onjezani kutentha kwa mbewuyo pometsa nthaka. |
| Mawonekedwe amdima akuda. | Kuthirira kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono. | Ikani chomeracho pamalo otentha, muchepetse kuthirira komanso chinyezi. |
Mtengo wa dollar ungakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo:
| Chifukwa | Zizindikiro zakugonjetsedwa | Zothandiza miyeso | Njira zochizira |
| Kukonda | Kutentha kwa tubers ndi zimayambira pansi. | Olondola kuthirira boma. | Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, chithandizo cha mankhwala kamodzi pa masabata awiri:
Vuto lowonongeka liyenera kuikidwa m'malo atsopano, omwe anali atalimidwa kale. |
| Ma nsabwe | Masamba ophimbidwa ndimatayipi amtengo, amapindika ndikugwa. Zomera za tizirombo tikuwonekera mbali yosiyanayo. | Kuyendera masamba mwadongosolo. Kusintha kwapangidwe ka maluwa ndi sopo yankho. Dothi mpaka mugwiritse ntchito pokazinga mu uvuni ndikuthira madzi otentha. | Sambani tsamba lililonse ndi madzi opanda sopo. Tisanawonongedwe komaliza ndi tizirombo, kukonza umodzi wa mankhwala:
|
| Spider mite | Duwa limakutidwa ndi ulusi woonda. | Zolemba zatsopano zogulidwa mosiyana ndi mbewu zakunyumba kwa mwezi umodzi. | Chithandizo cha mankhwala: Zolon, Actofit, Fitoverm (10 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Kuwonetsera kuwala kwa UV. |
| Chotchinga | Zomera zakuda zimapangidwa kumbuyo kwa masamba. | Patulani tchire lomwe lakhudzidwa payokha. Mwadongosolo kuyang'anira mbewu. | Chithandizo cha tizirombo ndi sopo kapena mankhwala. |
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala azikhalidwe:
- 40 g wa fodya pa lita imodzi yamadzi;
- 30 g grated adyo kapena 20 g anyezi mu madzi okwanira 1 litre;
- Wiritsani nyemba zosachepera 5-6 za tsabola wofiyira wa ola limodzi ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre.
Kuumirira tsiku. Njira zilizonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri ndi 2-3 masiku angapo. Muthanso kutha 1/3 ya pensuloyo kuti muthane ndi mapende, kusungunula mu 0,5 madzi ofunda ndikuthira dothi ndi kubzala mpaka chionongeko chomaliza cha tizirombo.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kuno amati: Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro
Ndalama zambiri komanso zamatsenga zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Zamioculcas; chifukwa, duwa limatchedwa mtengo wa dola.
Mukathirira Lachiwiri pamwezi wokula, duwa amafunsidwa kuti azikula bwino. Pothirira madzi gwiritsani ntchito ndalama yokonzedwa ndikuumiriza ndalama kwa masiku angapo.
Mtengowo udawokeredwa kwa Mwezi wokhawo womwe ukukulira, kotero kuti umawonjezera kuchuluka, ndipo malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha Feng Shui, nyumba zimapezeka kumwera chakum'mawa. Kuti apange mphamvu zachuma, ulusi wofiira umamangiriridwa kumtolo wake, ndipo amaika chidutswa cha dollar cholocha chopondera. Pamwamba pa piramidi imakhazikika pa duwa ndikuonetsetsa kuti singagwe.
