Primrose (primrose ya masika) ndi yokongoletsa osatha.
Malo ogawa - North America, Central Europe, China.
Kufotokozera kwa primrose osatha
Mitengo yosatha yachilengedwe yokhala ndi nthangala yochepa. Masamba lanceolate, ozungulira kapena ozungulira, glossy, pang'ono pubescent. Mtundu - kuchokera kubiriwira lakuya mpaka mkuwa. Mphepoyi ndi yosalala kwathunthu kapena ingakhale ndi pang'ono pang'ono.
Ma inflorescences ndi ambulera kapena ozungulira. Masamba ndi oyera, apinki, abuluu, ofiira, achikaso.
Mtengowo uli ndi fungo lokhazikika lomwe limawonekera chifukwa cha kupezeka kwamasamba amafuta ambiri ofunikira.
Primrose wa m'munda wamuyaya: madzulo, osapindika ndi mitundu ina
Ikani mitundu 19 ya primrose, yoyenera kulimidwa m'mundamo:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa Maluwa |
| Zofala (osakwiya) | Mtundu wofala kwambiri. Kubwereza maluwa ndikotheka. | Yokongoletsedwa yobiriwira, velvety, mpaka 25 cm. | Yokha, m'mimba mwake mpaka 40 mm. Utoto - wotumbululuka chikasu kapena oyera ndi utoto wofiirira. Mid april. |
| Pamwamba | Mitundu yosavuta kwambiri yozizira. Nthawi zambiri mumakhala m'madera ouma. | Elongated-oval, kutalika - 20 cm. | Umbrella. Mtundu - woyera ndi malo amdima. Pakati pa Epulo-Juni. |
| Pinki | Chomera chokonda nyemba, chomwe chimakula pafupi ndi dziwe komanso mitsinje. | Oval. Mtundu - kuchokera ku buronzi mpaka wobiriwira. | Pinki yowala, kukula mpaka 10 mm. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. |
| Kasupe | Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosakhudzidwa ndi zomwe zili. | Ovoid, makwinya. Kutalika kwake kumakula mpaka 20 cm. | Ziphuphu ndizopangidwa ndi mtima. Mitundu ya masamba imachokera ku kirimu kupita pinki. Kuwona pambuyo chisanu kusungunuka. |
| Ushkovaya (auricular) | Zindikirani mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Fungo lake ndi uchi. | Oval, yokhala ndi ma denticles ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete. Kutalika - mpaka 10 cm. | Mtundu wachikasu kapena wofiirira, pakati ndi papo. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 40 mm. Juni-Julayi. |
| Sikkim | Mtengowo suwola. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi pakati pa chilimwe. | Lapansi. | Wokongoletsa. Mtundu - wachikaso chopepuka. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi pakati pa chilimwe. |
| Zovala | Mitundu yamaluwa. | Chachikulu, zobiriwira zowala. | Zochepa, dzuwa. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a mabelu. Pamapeto kwa chilimwe. |
| Khalani | Powdery ufa umapopera maluwa onse. | Okwezedwa. | Kukula kwa inflorescence ndi kozungulira. Masamba ndi ofiirira. Juni-Ogasiti. |
| Zabwino bwino | Kutalika kwa miyendo ya miyendo - mpaka 40 masentimita 40. Ntchito bwino kukongoletsa mabedi a maluwa, rabatok. | Kutalika, kutalika - pafupifupi 40 cm. | Zozungulira. Utoto - mithunzi yonse kuyambira yoyera mpaka yofiirira. Pambuyo pake chisanu chimasungunuka mwezi ndi theka. |
| Opezerera anzawo | Nthawi zambiri wamkulu ngati biennial. Nthawi zamaluwa ndi Juni-Julayi. | Kutalika ndi m'lifupi - pafupifupi 40 cm. Mu nthawi yozizira - kufa. | Mtundu wachikasu, m'mimba mwake - 20 mm. Meyi-Julayi. |
| Viale (orchid) | Grassy osatha. Amaluwa pamahatchi okwera mu Meyi. | Lanceolate. Mtundu - imvi. | Red-lilac, kukula - mpaka 70 mm. Juni-Julayi. |
| Chijapani | Ali ndi maluwa osasintha, amawonedwa mu June okha. | Chachikulu, chowongolera cha lanceolate. | Rasipiberi ndi zoyera. Mainchesi - mpaka 2 cm. Meyi-Julayi. |
| Voronova | Kachitsamba kakang'ono komwe kali ndi masamba oyambira ndi inflorescence imodzi. | Makwinya. | Lilac wopepuka, pakati ndiye wachikaso. Mphukira yoyamba imawonekera nthawi yomweyo chisanu chisanathe. |
| Julia | Mitundu yoyambirira yamaluwa. Osalemekeza komanso wokhala ndi mthunzi. | Ovoid, wobiriwira wopepuka. | Chachikulu, m'mimba mwake mpaka 3 cm. Utoto - kuchokera pamtanda mpaka utoto. Epulo |
| Mealy | Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa, koma zimasungabe masamba mpaka nthawi yachisanu. | Zochepa, kutalika - mpaka 5 cm. | Pinki-lilac, pakati ndi yoyera. Meyi |
| Madzulo | Chingwe cholumikizira ndodo chimakhala cha kutalika kwa 15 cm. Kutalika kwake kumayambira 50 mpaka 80 cm. | Chachikulu, chobiriwira. | Wachikasu. Juni-Seputembala. |
| Obkonika | Amakula mpaka 25-30 cm. Kukula ngati chomera. | Chozunguliridwa. | Mtundu - kuchokera pachikaso mpaka kufiyira. Dongosolo la masamba pafupifupi 8 cm. Kuyamba kwa Marichi-Meyi. |
| Siebold | Thunthu limafika 30 cm. | Oblong, ovate, pubescent. | Pinki. Kukula - mpaka 2,5 cm. Meyi-Juni. |
Kubzala primrose wakunja
Mukabzala maluwa poyera, ndikofunikira kutsatira nthawi yotsatirira ndikutsatira ukadaulo.
Nthawi yayitali
Zomera zakale zobzalidwa pansi, nthawi yabwino ndiye kumapeto kwa masika kapena Seputembala.
Chiwembu chimasankhidwa chitachita khungu, maluwa amafa ndi dzuwa. Dothi limasankhidwa mopepuka, lotayirira, lotakidwa bwino. Dothi louma ndilabwino.
Tekinolo yodzala primrose panthaka
Pakati pa zitsamba kusiya mtunda wa 10-30 cm, zokulirapo zosiyanasiyana, yokulirapo nthawi. Zomera zimakonda malo otseguka, kotero zimabzalidwe kuti zikamakula, maluwa amatsekedwa.
Asanafike, bowo limapangidwa pansi, pomwe pansi pake pamayalidwa timitengo tamatope. Nthaka yaying'ono imathiridwa pamwambapo ndipo mmera umayikidwa, womwe iwo amawukhetsa ndi kuwumwetsa.
Kusamalira kwa primrose wakunja
Chomera sichimayambitsa zovuta nthawi yobzala ndi chisamaliro, koma imafuna kuthirira nthawi, kulima komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Kuthirira
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kuthirira ndizambiri, koma osalola madzi kusayenda. Dothi lozungulira zitsamba liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono.
Madzi amathiridwa nthawi yomweyo pansi pa muzu, kupatula kukhudzana ndi maluwa ndi masamba. Pambuyo maluwa, pafupipafupi kugwiritsa ntchito chinyontho amachepetsa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda komanso ofewa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Nthawi yakula, dzala manyowa kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Asanayambe maluwa, zinthu za nayitrogeni ndi kulowetsedwa pofikira manyowa (1000 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zotere zimapanga masamba ophuka. Masamba atagwa, zida za phosphorous-potaziyamu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kudulira
Imachitika mu Marichi, nthawi yomweyo chisanu ikasungunuka. Kudulira kwa masamba ndi koletsedwa, chifukwa masamba amakhala ngati gwero la chakudya cha ma rhizomes ofooka. Pa maluwa, masamba owuma amachotsedwa.
Primrose osatha pambuyo maluwa
Popeza primrose ndi imodzi mwa zipatso, kenako maluwa, zimafunikira chidwi.
Nthawi yophukira
Masulani dothi, chotsani maudzu onse. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chikwangwani cha masamba chimasungidwa, chifukwa chimakwirira mizu.
Zisanu
Ozizira kwambiri, zitsamba zimaphimba udzu wouma asanachitike, masamba kapena nthambi za spruce. Kukula kwanyumba ndi masentimita 7-10.Kotentha kwambiri, izi sizofunikira. Potembenuza chisanu, imayendetsedwa kuti chisanu chisakhale pamwamba pa tchire, chifukwa izi zimayambitsa kutsutsana kwa duwa.
Kubwezeretsedwa kwa primrose
Chitani zinthu zingapo:
- mbewu (asanafesere dothi, stratation ndiyokakamiza);
- masamba odulidwa;
- kugawa chitsamba.
Kuika kumachitika zaka 4-5 zilizonse, koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Chitsamba chokulirapo chimathiriridwa madzi mosamala ndikukumba. Amachotsa dziko lonse lapansi pachikondwerero, kenako ndikuchitsuka ndi madzi. Dulani kudula ndi mpeni womata bwino, siyani gawo limodzi lokha mbali iliyonse. Malo odulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni, kenako chomera chimayikidwa m'malo atsopano.
Ndi mizu yofooka kapena kupezeka kwa malo amodzi okha, mphukira za axillary zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka. Kuti muchite izi, pezani tsamba ndi impso, gawo la thunthu ndi petiole. Wadula pakati ndikuwoka pansi. Kenako phesi limasunthidwa kumalo owala, kutentha kwakukulu ndi +16 ... +18 ° C. Chapakatikati, amazika dothi lotseguka.
Mavuto omwe amakula primrose
Kusamalira bwino chomera, mavuto osiyanasiyana amadza:
| Zizindikiro | Zifukwa | Kuwongolera |
| Kufota ndi kuyanika masamba. | Kuperewera kwa chinyezi, kukhudzana ndi dzuwa lowongolera. | Konzani boma lothirira, perekani shading yowonjezera nthawi ya kutentha. |
| Kuzungulira ma rhizomes. | Kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira. | Pakumunyowa gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa komanso otentha. |
Maluwa oyipa. | Kuperewera kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi. | Yendetsani pafupipafupi feteleza ntchito. |
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Primrose atengeke ndi matenda ambiri.
| Matenda / tizilombo | Zizindikiro | Njira zoyesera |
| Microplasmosis | Kubiriwira kwamaluwa amaluwa kumatengeredwa ndi tizilombo mungu mungu. | Chiwonongeko. |
| Mochedwa | Amabala masamba, kuvunda kwa khosi la muzu, imayambira sag. | Mu gawo loyambilira, sakanizani ndi sopo kapena viniga. Othamanga amachotsedwa. |
| Zovunda | Masamba amatembenuka mwachikasu, ulusi wofiira pamizu, khosi mizu imafa. | Zomera zomwe zimayambukiridwazo zimatayidwa, zina zimasinthidwa kupita kumalo kwatsopano, nthaka ndikulimidwa. |
| Dzimbiri | Amabala pamasamba, kuwola chitsamba | Amathandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kokhala ndi mkuwa. |
| Powdery mildew | Chikwangwani choyera pamasamba, chimatsalira ndikukula | Anawaza ndi fungicides. |
| Nematode | Mizu imavunda, masamba amasintha. | Amakufukula kwathunthu ndikuutaya. Amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kupewa kumachitika isanafike. Nematode amachotsa kununkhira kwa marigolds. |
| Amphaka | Masamba akudya. | Zomera zimayendera ndikuwunika tizilombo. Kenako amawotchedwa. Popewa, amapopera mankhwala kukonzekera kuthana ndi agulugufe. |
| Muzu wazidzu | Primrose imasiya kukula, imasanduka chikaso. | Gawo lomwe lakhudzidwalo limachotsedwa ndikukumba pansi, gawani tchire, gwiritsani ntchito njira yothetsera tizirombo. |
| Spider mite | Masamba amasanduka achikasu poyamba, kenako amasandulika bulauni, madontho amawoneka. Tsamba loonda limawonekera pansi. | Amathandizidwa ndi yankho la sopo yochapa ndi kukonza Fitoverm kapena Spark. |
| Mphutsi za centipedes | Mizu yophatikizidwa ndi pansi pa tsinde. | Udzu ndi udzu, tizirombo timasonkhanitsidwa. Zomera zimakutidwa ndi zofunda kuti achikulire asawuluke. |
| Wogulitsa masamba | Pupae amabaya masamba. | Chotsani tizilombo mpaka atakhala wamkulu wamkulu. Kuyendera kumachitika sabata iliyonse. |
| Zopatsa | Malo owoneka pang'ono. Maluwa pang'onopang'ono amasanduka bulauni ndikufa. | Kuthandizira kupewa tizirombo timachitika pasadakhale, koma matenda akapezeka, primrose odwala amawonongeka. |
| Magogo ndi Nkhono | Amadyedwa masamba azomera. | Tizirombo tisonkhanitsa kapena kuwaza mankhwalawa ku ma slgs ozungulira chitsamba. Kupewa kwabwino ndi phulusa. |
| Ma nsabwe | Masamba ndi maluwa omwe akhudzidwa. Akakhala ndi kachilomboka, amapanga magulu athunthu omwe angayambitse mbewuyo kufa. | Amathiridwa mankhwala okonzekera, atatsuka tizilombo ndi mtsinje waukulu wamadzi. |
| Weevil | M'mphepete mwa masamba odyedwa pang'ono. Mphutsi zimawononga mizu. | Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutentha kwa nthaka sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa +10 madigiri, kuthiridwa. |
| Whitefly | Mawonekedwe ake akumata, masamba amasanduka achikaso | Amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: primrose m'malo owonekera
Primrose amatha kukongoletsa ngodya iliyonse yobiriwira, ngati kuli koyenera kuti iye asankhe abwenzi.
Abwino oyandikana nawo ndi mbewu zophatikiza zomwe sizifunikira chisamaliro chilichonse (off-grade daffodils, muscari). Mwa osatha mbewu monga chimanga, nyemba, ferns.
